Prevalence of hearing impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus at tertiary care center of Nepal

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, systemic and metabolic disorder known to affect almost every organ due to its unequivocal complications. The auditory organ is often affected but usually ignored complications of diabetes mellitus. With the rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hearing impairment in developing countries, it becomes a crucial public health issue if both of them are found to be associated. Objective: To find the prevalence of hearing impairment in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Clinical Physiology in collaboration with the Department of General Practice and Emergency Medicine and the Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. After applying exclusion criteria, 55 subjects were recruited for the study. Pure Tone Audiometry, a non-invasive test was used to assess hearing threshold in this study. Audiogram findings of diabetics were then analyzed. Results: Outcomes of the tests revealed that 17 (30%) of subjects with diabetes mellitus had hearing loss, out of which 13 had mild hearing loss. A significantly positive correlation was found between age and hearing threshold at every frequency. Higher frequencies were found to be more affected. The best cut-off age for onset of hearing loss in diabetics was found to be 51.50 years. Conclusion: Current study suggests a 30% prevalence of hearing loss in diabetes mellitus. We observed hearing loss more among the elderly at higher frequencies

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Evaluation of Hearing loss by Pure Tone Audiometry in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nepalese Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/nmj.v3i1.28221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 286-289

Author(s):

Gita Khakurel ◽

Nayan Bahadur Mahato

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Pure Tone ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Healthy Controls

Introduction: The association of hearing loss and diabetes has been under research for many years. The hearing loss in diabetes in our population has not been studied extensively. The objective of this study was to compare the hearing threshold between type 2 diabetic patients and age- and sexmatched controls. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was done in the Department of ENT, Kathmandu Medical College from October 2019 to February 2020. The hearing threshold, of 40 type 2 diabetics patients, and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in the age group of 35 to 55 years, were assessed by pure tone audiometry. The hearing threshold was compared between the two groups by using the student’s unpaired t-test. Results: Among 40 diabetes patients, 29 (72.5 %) had bilateral, mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. The hearing threshold in diabetes patients was signifi cantly higher than the healthy controls in all the frequencies except at 250 Hz. When comparing the threshold according to the duration of diabetes, it was found to be signifi cantly higher only at higher frequencies (4000 and 8000 Hz) in diabetes with more than 5 years duration. Conclusions: The hearing loss was common in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Most diabetic patients had mostly bilateral mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss affecting hearing thresholds in higher frequencies than the healthy controls as assessed by pure tone audiometry.

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To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing

International Journal of Advanced and Integrated Medical Sciences ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10050-10093 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 140-143

Author(s):

Sameer Aggarwal ◽

Vikas Kakkar ◽

Chandni Sharma ◽

Surender Bishnoi ◽

Ankit Gulati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Age Group ◽

Type Ii ◽

Group I

ABSTRACT Objective This study has been undertaken to study the effect of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its duration on hearing. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on 100 persons of age group 20 to 45 years. All subjects included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I: 50 patients suffering from T2DM (fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL and postprandial ≥ 200 mg/dL) of either sex, in the age group of 20 to 45 years. Group II: 50 healthy volunteers in the age group of 20 to 45 years, of either sex were included in control group. Hearing assessment was done by using pure tone audiometry (PTA). Results In diabetic patients, the mean threshold in the PTA was higher at all frequencies as compared with healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and hearing loss. Conclusion Various audiological investigations have revealed that there is a strong association of diabetes with sensorineural part. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in type II diabetics observed was 64%. In the majority of the patients, the hearing loss was bilateral, affecting mid and higher frequencies from 2 to 8 kHz. Hence, to conclude, we can say that the high prevalence of hearing loss in T2DM supports the importance of audiometric evaluation in such patients. How to cite this article Gulati A, Kakkar V, Aggarwal S, Sharma C, Panchal V, Pareek M, Bishnoi S. To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):140-143.

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The Philippine National Ear Institute: Patient and Audiologic Profiles

Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.32412/pjohns.v22i1-2.789 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (1-2) ◽

pp. 12-18

Author(s):

Regie Lyn P. Santos-Cortez ◽

Charlotte M. Chiong ◽

Ma. Luz San Agustin ◽

Charina Melinda C. Elgar ◽

Genilou Liv M. Gimena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Impairment ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Otoacoustic Emissions ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Distribution ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Patient Profile

Background: The Philippine National Ear Institute (PNEI) was created to promote health of hearing and balance among Filipinos. Over the years it, has provided audiologic services to thousands of patients annually and has published relevant hearing and balance research. Objective: To describe the patients served by the PNEI in terms of age, region of origin, occupation, pretest diagnosis, and audiologic results. Methods: Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: National tertiary care center Population: All records of patients referred for audiologic testing at PNEI in 2006 were reviewed and encoded into analyzable format. Results: A total of 1,756 patients had audiologic records for review. Median age was 32.5 years, with the age distribution presented according to sex, type of tests done including common reasons for referral, and median threshold levels by frequency. Coverage was national in scope, with most patients coming from the National Capital Region and from Regions III and IVa. Occupation was indicated in 37.8% of the working age group, most of whom were unemployed. The most common pretest diagnosis was chronic otitis media (26.6%), followed by hearing loss of unknown etiology (13.0%) and tinnitus (9.3%). Severity of hearing impairment based on pure tone audiometry was variable, and was presented according to common diagnoses. About 39% of hearing impairment cases were sensorineural, 36% conductive and 25% due to mixed defect. Bilateral Type A ears were found in 45.4% of patients by tympanometry, while 29.3% were bilateral Type B. For otoacoustic emissions, 69.0% were labeled as “refer” in at least one ear. Conclusion: The PNEI is a major national referral center for audiology that holds much promise in developing programs for national surveillance of the hearing status of different sectors in Philippine society. Keywords: Philippine National Ear Institute, Philippines, patient profile, audiology, audiometry, tympanometry, otoacoustic emissions, chronic otitis media

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AMBANG PENDENGARAN RATA–RATA PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS di POLIKLINIK ENDOKRINOLOGI RSUP PROF. Dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.3.1.2015.6510 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Febrina R. Wuwung ◽

Ora I. Palandeng ◽

Olivia C. P. Pelealu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Pure Tone ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disease which can affect nearly every organ system in the body. Complications of this disease are diverse and include retinopathy, nepropathy and neuropathy. It has a high prevalence and continued to increase. The relationship between diabetes mellitus and hearing loss have been studied. This study aimed to obtain the average of hearing threshold in patients with diabetes mellitus. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional design. Total 38 diabetes mellitus patients were included in the study. Hearing threshold obtained based on air conduction pure tone audiometry average at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. The results showed that subjects were 65.8% females and 32.4% males. There were 9 subjects (23.6%) with normal hearing, 24 subjects (63.2%) with bilateral hearing loss, and 5 subjects (13.2%) with unilateral hearing loss. Of the 29 subjects with hearing loss, the levels were mild and moderate. None of the subjects had moderately severe, severe, or profound. Conclusion: The majority of subjects in this study had hearing loss.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, hearing threshold, pure tone audiometryAbstrak: Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik kronik yang dapat mempengaruhi hampir setiap sistem organ dalam tubuh. Komplikasi penyakit ini beragam, termasuk retinopati, nefropati dan neuropati. Prevalensinya cukup tinggi dan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat. Terdapat beberapa penelitian yang menghubungkan diabetes melitus dan gangguan pendengaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ambang pendengaran rata – rata pada penderita diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain penelitian potong lintang. Sampel total ialah 38 pasien diabetes melitus. Ambang pendengaran rata – rata diperoleh berdasarkan hantaran udara audiometri nada murni rata-rata pada frekuensi 500, 1000, 2000, dan 4000 Hz. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa subjek penelitian 65,8% perempuan dan 34,2% laki – laki. Terdapat 9 orang (23,6%) yang mempunyai pendengaran normal, 24 orang (63,2 %) mengalami gangguan pendengaran bilateral dan 5 orang (13,2%) dengan gangguan pendengaran unilateral. Dari 29 subjek penelitian dengan gangguan pendengaran mengalami gangguan pendengaran kategori ringan dan sedang. Tidak ditemukan subjek penelitian dengan gangguan pendengaran kategori sedang berat, berat atau sangat berat. Simpulan: Mayoritas subjek penelitian mengalami gangguan pendengar.Kata kunci: ambang pendengaran, audiometri nada murni, diabetes melitus

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Study of Silent Myocardial Infarction in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Tertiary Care Center

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2020/726 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (44) ◽

pp. 3305-3309

Author(s):

Abhijit Arvind Patil ◽

Makrand Mane ◽

Vivek Redkar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Myocardial Ischaemia ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Study Results ◽

Wide Range ◽

Type Two Diabetes

BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease is known as a serious plague because of its regularity in different bits of the world. The signs of coronary artery issue handle a wide range from the mind boggling minor coronary atherosclerosis without angina or ischaemia to sudden passing. METHODS The present study was cross sectional, observational study carried out at tertiary care center. This study was conducted during the period from January 2016 to June 2017. All Type two Diabetes Mellitus 100 patients attending Department of Medicine included in the study. RESULTS Majority of study subjects were in age 51 - 60 years (46 %) having DM (Diabetes Mellitus) since 5 - 10 years (46 %). A lot of patients overweight (40 %), dyslipidaemia (22 %). It mean fasting and post prandial glucose among patients was 164 ± 15.18 mg / dL and 189.4 ± 23.29 mg / dL exclusively. The mean LDL, HDL, VLDL, complete cholesterol and greasy oils levels among patients was 118.14 ± 24.2 mg / dL, 42.60 ± 5.12 mg / dL, 35.68 ± 7.09 mg / dL, 204.96 ± 28.76 mg / dL, 166.17 ± 31.92 mg / dL independently. The regularity was 27 %. The prevalence of MI among DM patients was major in age pack 51 - 60 years (13 %). The ECG changes in calm MI among DM patients showed that a lot of calm MI patients had ST dejection and adjusted T wave inversion (77.77). CONCLUSIONS Standard checking ECG is be commonly useful and unobtrusive gadget in myocardial ischaemia area n asymptomatic diabetic patients. KEY WORDS Myocardial Ischaemia, Diabetes Mellitus.

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Hearing impairment in patients of renal failure

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20214224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 1744

Author(s):

Joshna Thakur ◽

Kavita Sachdeva

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Creatinine Level ◽

Pure Tone ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Sensorineural Hearing

Background: Kidney diseases are emerging public health problems in developing countries. A common complication of renal failure is sensorineural hearing loss which is leading to poor quality of life. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in renal failure patients and to see the correlation of dialysis, ototoxic drugs, and creatinine levels.Methods: This observational study was conducted at the department of otorhinolaryngology, tertiary care center, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh) for a period of 18 months i.e.; from March 2019 to August 2020. 70 patients with renal failure were registered for study. In all patients hematological tests include hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, random blood sugar, serum electrolytes and pure tone audiometry was done. Results: Out of 70 patients, 51 patients (72.9%) of renal failure had sensorineural hearing loss. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus as comorbidity play important role in hearing loss in renal failure patients. Acoustic reflex was absent in 14.3% of cases which signifying a profound hearing loss and these patients had creatinine level above 6 mg/dl.Conclusions: Senorineural hearing loss is more prevalent in renal failure patients. Significant association was present between raised creatinine level and sensorineural hearings loss. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the common comorbidities that have a significant role in hearing loss in renal failure patients. All patients having renal failure have a risk of developing sensorineural hearing loss. So, these patients should be kept under follow up by doing regular pure tone audiometry and taking preventive measures, so that the hearing loss doesn't occur.

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Hearing and Kidney: Effects of Chronic Kidney Disease on Various Auditory Parameters – Results from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v21i1.44098 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

Deepak Jain ◽

HK Aggarwal ◽

Shailesh Bhatia ◽

Jaikrit Bhutani

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Auditory Function ◽

Auditory Evoked Response ◽

Patient Groups

Background: An association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hearing loss was first described in patients with Alport syndrome. Patients with CKD develop sensorineural hearing loss with the progression of the disease. Studies using BAER as an index of auditory function among patients with CKD showed evidence of various degrees of auditory dysfunction. Materials and methods: 100 adult CKD patients (stage 3 – 5 and 5D) and 50 controls were included in the study. Clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed and all the patients and controls underwent Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAER) evaluation. Results: When hearing thresholds were compared between the patients and controls PTA showed an increase in hearing threshold in all patient groups. This increase was more noticeable at higher frequencies (4 and 8 kHz). Compared with healthy controls, a highly significant delay was observed in CKD patients in both absolute and interpeak latencies in BAER in the present study. Conclusion: The present study provides a concrete evidence to the otherwise disputed relation of auditory function in CKD proving that hearing is permanently affected by ESRD at all levels of the auditory neural pathway. J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 31-35

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Sensorineural hearing loss and type II diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20180714 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

Kavita Sachdeva ◽

Saima Azim

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Hearing Level ◽

Type Ii ◽

Uncontrolled Diabetes

Background: The association between Hearing loss and diabetes, first mentioned by Jardao in 1857, had been under continuous research since then; giving both positive and negative results. This study aims to explore the relationship of hearing loss with type II DM and also to evaluate the impact of glycemic control over degree of hearing loss. Methods: 92 patients with type II DM were enrolled in this study, audiometrically evaluated and compared with equal number of age and sex matched non-diabetic controls. Apart from audiological tests, haematological tests like FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, serum creatinine and cholesterol were carried out to assess glycemic control. Results: It was observed that 31 (34%) of the diabetic patients had mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss, while only 12 (13%) of the control group suffered from the same, which is statistically significant (p<0.05). Among these 31 patients, 19 (61%) patients had uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c >8.5) and 12 (39%) had higher creatinine levels (>2.5 mg/dl). Higher frequencies (4 and 8 kHz) were found to be affected more, both in case and control groups. Low stapedial reflex thresholds were observed in 14% patients of case group and 5.4% of the controls. Speech discrimination scores were not significantly different. Otoacoustic emission showed outer hair cell dysfunction in 85% cases and 66% controls. Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between diabetes mellitus and hearing threshold levels especially at higher frequencies. Long duration and uncontrolled diabetes has more implications over hearing threshold. Since the pattern of hearing loss in diabetes and presbycusis is similar, it may be said that hearing level with ageing is significantly impaired earlier in diabetic patients as compared to general population.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hearing impairment as seen in a tertiary hospital in Port Harcourt

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20211179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 585

Author(s):

Ibekwe Matilda Uju ◽

Afolabi Simeon

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Management Protocol

Background: Diabetes mellitus prevalence has been on the increase especially the type 2. This study therefore is to determine the pattern, type and severity of hearing impairment and correlating it with the duration, presence of peripheral neuropathy, glycaemic control of the type 2 diabetes mellitus seen in university of Port Harcourt teaching hospital (UPTH).Methods: It is a descriptive cross sectional study of adult diabetic patients seen at the endocrinology clinic of University of Port Harcourt teaching hospital. Consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of diabetes mellitus that gave their informed consent were recruited. A semi structured questionnaire aimed at obtaining the biodata, duration of diabetes and level of control, presence of neuropathy was administered to these patients. They had otoscopy done in addition to audiometric evaluation using pure tone audiometry.Results: The study involved 108 subjects with confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Males; 42 and females; 66. Age ranged from 20 -81years. Hearing impairment was present in 68.52% of the subjects. Audiometric pattern showed 54.6% with SNHL while 31.5% had normal hearing. Majority of the subjects had mild degree hearing loss (50%). Bilateral SNHL was the commonly seen type of hearing loss in 55.93%.Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of hearing loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The commonest type of hearing loss in these subjects was bilateral mild sensorineural hearing loss. There is therefore a need to incorporate regular audiologic assessment in the management protocol of the adult diabetic patients.

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Assessment of Hearing Loss in Patients Receiving Chemoradiotherapy in Adjuvant Setting for Head and Neck Malignancy

Annals of Otology and Neurotology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1715289 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 16-22

Author(s):

Vani Krishana Gupta ◽

Mahesh Bhat ◽

Vinay Vaidyanathan Rao ◽

Vishak Surendra

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Hearing Aids ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Average Dose ◽

Head And Neck Malignancies

Abstract Introduction The aim of the study is to assess the hearing loss in patients who receive chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy or CTRT) for head and neck malignancies. Materials and Methods Prospective study was conducted in the Department of ENT of a tertiary care center from September 2013 to August 2014. Forty patients suffering from head and neck malignancies (histologically proven) were included in the study. Patients with pre-existing hearing loss were excluded. All patients received radiotherapy dose of 66 to 70 Gy given as 2 Gy/d, 5 d/wk and chemotherapy dose of cisplatin 35 mg/m2 once a week for 6 weeks. Hearing was assessed by pure tone audiometry (PTA) and impedance audiometry conducted at regular intervals. Mcnemars chi-square test was used to compare the impedance and paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to compare PTA at various stages. Results Predominantly male patients (28) falling in the age group of 40 to 60 years, suffered from various head and neck cancer, most common being oropharynx (14). Twenty patients developed sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)—11(55%) had mild, seven (35%) had moderate, and two (10%) had severe grade of SNHL. Majority of these patients, 12 (60%) started developing SNHL mid-therapy, five (25%) at the completion of therapy and three (15%) 3 months post-therapy. Hearing loss was found to be more with two-dimensional radiotherapy (2DRT) and three-dimensional radiotherapy (3DRT) than with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) as assessed by serial PTA. The average dose of radiation to right and left ears, respectively were 27.10 and 24.66 Gy. The incidence of otitis media with effusion increased during the treatment accounting for the conductive hearing loss irrespective of the modality of radiation used. Conclusion CTRT causes significant hearing loss in patients suffering from head and neck malignancies leading to further increase in the morbidity. Screening audiological assessment would be helpful to know the pretherapy status of the ear. Using newer modalities like IMRT can reduce hearing loss. Regular audiological screening can catch it at its onset and help in early use of hearing aids.

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