scholarly journals Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antimikroba Minyak Atsiri Kembang Leson

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Ambar Pratiwi ◽  
Inas Salimah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

AbstrakKembang leson adalah racikan jamu untuk mandi yang terdiri dari berbagai obat-obatan herbal yang umum ditemukan di Jawa. Kembang leson mengandung minyak atsiri utama, yaitu camphene 1,29%, benzene methyl cymene 4,93%, camphor 4,75%, cyclohexane methanol 7,56%, dan curdione 4,83%. Golongan senyawa minyak atsiri dapat menghambat radikal bebas 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang ditunjukkan dengan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri dari minyak atsiri kembang leson. Minyak Atsiri kembang leson diekstraksi dengan metode destilasi. Minyak atsiri yang diperoleh diuji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH, serta aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri kembang leson memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan persentase penghambatan DPPH sebesar 56,16%, dan memiliki nilai IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) sebesar 825,78 ppm. Aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri kembang leson juga efektif menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli, tetapi belum mampu menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus. Minyak atsiri kembang leson  dapat digunakan sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Abstract Kembang leson is an herbal concoction used for bathing. It comprises various herbal medicines found in Java. Kembang leson contains essential oils such as camphene 1.29%, benzene methyl cymene 4.93%, camphor 4.75%, cyclohexane methanol 7.56% and curdione 4.83%. It is known that essential oils can reduce DPPH free radicals and have antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli.  Our research to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of kembang leson essential oil. The essential oil was extracted by distillation. The essential oil obtained was tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, and antibacterial activity using the diffusion method. The results show that kembang leson essential oils have antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The percentage of DPPH inhibition was 56.16% and the IC50 value was 825.78 ppm. Antibacterial activity of kembang leson essential oil inhibited the growth of E. coli but could not inhibit the growth of S. aureus. Thus, kembang leson essential oils have antioxidant and antibacterial activity against E. coli, but only have antioxidant activity against S. aureus. Further studies are needed to determent the main ingredients that play an important role in the mechanism of antioxidants and antibacterial of kembang leson essential oil.

CHEMICAL PROFILING OF BUCHANANIA LANZAN SPRENG ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
AJITH S ◽  
KRISHNA V ◽  
RAVI KUMAR S ◽  
VINAY KUMAR NM
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Dna Gyrase ◽  
Diffusion Method

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oil of Buchanania lanzan Spreng extracted from the seeds and to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial antioxidants and molecular docking studies of the major bioactive compounds of essential oil. Methods: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation of the B. lanzan seeds and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by disk diffusion method and resazurin assay determined the minimum inhibitory concentration. The in vitro antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging assay; the essential oil major bioactive compounds are Androstan-3-ol, Campesterol, and γ-Sitosterol were docked against bacterial protein DNA gyrase. Results: GC-MS analysis exhibited the presence of 19 bioactive compounds. The essential oil showed that significant antibacterial activity was noticed against V. cholerae and S. typhi with the highest zone of inhibition 15.67–1.20 and 13.83–0.33, respectively. Antioxidant activity in DPPH and H2O2 scavenging assays with IC50 values of 134.23 and 191.24, respectively. The molecular docking of Androstan-3-ol and γ-Sitosterol with bacterial DNA gyrase unveiled a good binding affinity of −6.4 kcal/mol and −6.3 kcal/ mol, respectively. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the essential oils potential sources of antibacterial, antioxidant activities, and molecular docking of bioactive components. The results of this study provide partial scientific support for the traditional application of essential oils to cure diarrhea and also major bioactive compounds responsible for important biological activities.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Yield Pattern and Antibacterial and Insecticidal Activities ofTrachyspermum ammiandMyristica fragrans

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajgovind Soni ◽  
Gaurav Sharma ◽  
Nakuleshwar Dut Jasuja
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Gas Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

Two Indian spices,Trachyspermum ammiandMyristica fragrans,were studied for their essential oil (EO) yielding pattern, insecticidal activity, antibacterial activity, and composition. The essential oils (EOs) ofT. ammi(1.94±30 mL/100 gm) andM. fragrans(5.93±90 mL/100 gm) were extracted using hydrodistillation method. In Gas Chromatography analysis, the beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, alpha-p-menth-1-en-4-ol, Limonene, and elemicin were found as major constituents ofT. ammiessential oil whereasM. fragransessential oil mostly contains Gamma-Terpinolene, p-Cymene, Thymol, and beta-pinene. The insecticidal activities of EO were demonstrated using LC50values againstPlodia interpunctellaand EO ofT. ammiwas found comparatively more effective than EO ofM. fragrans.Further, individual EO and combination of essential oil were examined for antibacterial activity against three Gram (−) bacterial strains (E. coli-MTCC 443,P. vulgaris-MTCC 1771, andK. pneumoniae-MTCC number 7028) and three Gram (+) bacterial strains (S. aureus-MTCC 3381,B. subtilis-MTCC 10619, andB. megaterium-MTCC 2412) by well agar diffusion method. The essential oil in combination (CEO) exhibited higher antibacterial activity as compared with individual essential oils.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MANGROVE Brugueira gymnorrhiza STEM EXTRACTS AGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Vibrio cholerae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Angga Crystal Loasana Yami ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Kholis Abdurachim Audah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

Background : The treatment of some diseases caused by free radicals and pathogenic bacteria usually by using antioxidants and antibiotics. Due to excessive use of antibiotics and other environmental cues, some bacteria are now resistant to certain antibiotics or even to multiple antibiotics. Some Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains are multiresistant to many antibiotics.Objective : The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria V. cholerae.Method : The B. gymnorrhiza stem was extracted by gradient maceration method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activities. The column chromatography method was used to fractionate the selective extract with the best activity. The LC-MS/MS method was used to identify the compound obtained from the fraction with the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Result : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem had the best antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 62.50 mg/L. Ethyl acetate extract also showed the best value of antioxidant activity as indicated by an IC50 value of 255.03 mg/L. The results of fractions test showed that fraction 3 had the best antibacterial and the best antioxidant activities with both the MIC and MBC values of 7.90 mg/L and IC50 value of 348.91 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem has good potential as antioxidant and antibacterial. The compound which is thought as antioxidant and antibacterial from Ethyl acetate extract is 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazole.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of Red Peacock Flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) Leaf Essential Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Novena Risnalani Rintank Constani ◽  
Hartati Soetjipto ◽  
Sri Hartini
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

Peacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) leaves contain essential oils which can be used as an ingredient in cosmetics, perfume, aromatherapy, medicine, and supplements. The study was conducted to obtain essential oils from peacock flower leaves and determine the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the agar diffusion method, using paper discs. Measurements were made for the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) that appeared, while the essential oil component was analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the peacock flower leaves (C. pulcherrima) had a moderate to strong antibacterial effect at a concentration of 7.5%-20% against gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). Gram-negative E. coli bacteria are relatively more sensitive to peacock flower leaf essential oil compared to other test bacteria. Peacock flower (C. pulcherrima) leaf essential oil is composed of 7 main components namely β-Cubebene 33.87%; Caryophyllene 23.00%; γ-Elemene 13.18%; α-Pinene 10.96%; Cadina-1(10),4-diene 10.20%; Copaene; 7.09%; β-Pinene 1.70%.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Polyeugenol with High Molecular Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Erwin Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nur Istiqomah ◽  
Gilang Almilda ◽  
Ahmad Ridhay ◽  
Ni Ketut Sumarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

This study was aimed to prepare polyeugenol with high molecular weight and to evaluate its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. First, polyeugenol was synthesized from eugenol in the presence of H2SO4-CH3COOH (4:1) as catalyst. The synthesized polyeugenol was weighed by using viscometer, revealing its high molecular weight of (7.76–21.9) × 105 g/mol. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the polyeugenol was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. It was conducted by applying well diffusion method at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% concentrations to observe inhibition zones, in which the tests showed that the antibacterial activity of the polyeugenol against S. aureus were 17.42, 17.76, 18.79, 21.42 and 22.55 mm, while those against E. coli were 15.87, 17.23, 17.56, 18.24 and 19.21 mm, respectively. In short, these results indicated a strong antibacterial activity. Then, tests on antioxidant activity against free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl) gave the IC50 value of 80.47 µg/mL, indicating a strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, the polymer synthesized in this work has a high potential to be applied in various biomedical applications.

Development of Gel Dossage Form From Mulberry Fruit Extract as A Facial Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanesh Arif ◽  
Diah Lia Aulifa ◽  
Driyanti Rahayu ◽  
Arni Praditasari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Mulberry Fruit ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

Skin care is very important in cosmetics, especially facial treatments. Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is therefor usable in the treatment of acne. It also contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant and a potential source of sun protection. This research aimed to develop a gel dossage from black mulberries (Morus nigra) extracts that would function as an antibacterial, antioxidant and sun blocking facial treatment. This research started with black mulberry fruit extracted through the maceration method by using ethanol (96%). Then, the antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by the disc-diffusion method, while the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the microdilution method. Antioxidant activity of the extract was determined using the 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) method with vitamin C as a comparison. Furthermore, the extracts were formulated into gel formulas with variations of HPMC, Na-CMC, carbopol 934 and extract concentrations. The products were then physically evaluated for organoleptics, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and dispersion as well as undergoing a hedonic test, an irritation test, an antioxidant activity test and determining the SPF value of the preparation. The results showed that the black mulberry fruit extract has antibacterial activity with MIC value of 0,025 g/mL against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, while MBC values were 0,025 g/mL and 0,05 g/mL, respectively. The black mulberry extract had antioxidant activity with IC50 value, i.e 146,73 μg/mL vitamin c i.e. 3,17 μg/mL. Formulation with best physical evaluation results showed ina formula containing a carbopol gel base of 934 0,015 g/mL with an extract cconcentration of 0,075 g/mL. This formula resulted in antioxidant activity with an IC50 value, i.e 1004,6 μg/mL, antibacterial activity with inhibition zone 6.83 ± 1.4 mm against and 6.76 ± 0.9 mm against S. epidermidis and P. acnes respectively and an SPF value of 1.9.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils of Four Species of the Lamiaceae Family

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalva Paulus ◽  
Luana Aline Luchesi ◽  
Cleverson Busso ◽  
Marcela Tostes Frata ◽  
Paula Juliane Barbosa de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris

Aims: The biological properties of essential oils represent possible therapeutic alternatives, with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, and application in many areas of the industry. The objective was to determine the yield, chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of Lavandula angustifolia, Pogostemon cablin, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Thymus vulgaris against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the microbiology laboratory of the Federal University of Technology - Paraná, Brazil, in the period between June 2016 to May 2017. Methodology: The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity was determined by microdilution in broth, showing minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH). Results: The average yields of essential oils from L. angustifolia, P. cablin, R. officinalis,and  T. vulgaris were (%) 0.85; 2.0; 1.20, and 1.19, respectively. The major components of lavender essential oil were linalyl acetate (40.1%) and linalool (35.2%); for P. cablin - patchoulol (31.5%), seichelene (13.6%) and α-bulnesene (15.6%); for rosemary - camphor (32.5%), 1.8-cineole (13.6%) and α-pinene (9.8); for T. vulgaris - thymol (47%), o-scimene (21.6%), and carvacrol (11.4%). Thyme oil showed the best results for antibacterial activity, and low values (0.195 µL mL-1) of minimum inhibitory concentration were needed to inhibit S. aureus and S. enteritidis, and for L. angustifolia, P. cablin, and R. officinalis higher concentrations of essential oil were required. The essential oils of P. cablin and T. vulgaris had the strongest antioxidant properties (12.08 and 10.2 µmol trolox mL−1). Conclusion: The essential oils evaluated have an inhibitory effect on the microorganisms under study and also interesting antioxidant activity, which could be used by medicine to control bacterial infections, with potential application as natural food preservatives and as nutraceuticals.

scholarly journals Essential Oils of Aerial Parts of Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.,Salvia leucantha Cav. and Thymus linearis Benth. From Uttarakhand Himalaya: Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Joshi ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Bhuwan Chandra ◽  
N. D. Kandpal
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Uttarakhand Himalaya

The components present in the essential oils extracted from Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth., Salvia leucantha Cav. and Thymus linearis Benth. were identified by GC and GC/MS analysis. The main compounds present in the oils were aromadendrene (20.0%) in S. leucantha, Phellandrene (12.5%), α-thujene (12.0%) in A. margaritacea and thymol (50.0%) in T. linearis. The antibacterial activity of all the three oils against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. typhi, has been studied. In the antibacterial activity S. typhi is the most resistant bacteria to all the tested oils whereas essential oil of T. linearis showed highest antibactericidal activity against S. aureus in diffusion method.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake (Myrtaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Alioune Diallo ◽  
Yoro Tine ◽  
Abdoulaye Diop ◽  
Idrissa Ndoye ◽  
Falaye Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
First Time

For the first time, this study aimed to determine the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of Melaleuca quinquenervia leaf essential oils from Senegal. Ten samples of leaves from M. quinquenervia were collected on two Senegal localities. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The oil yields ofdried leaves ranged 1.65 to 3.74%. Oilsamples were dominated by 1,8-cineole (24.6-49.3%), viridiflorol (14.9-35.7%), a-terpineol (6.3-12.7%), a-pinene (5.0-11.5%) and limonene (3.7-7.3%). The antibacterial activity was evaluated using a paper disc diffusion method. The essential oil exhibited excellent activity against S. aureus, moderate activity against E. coli and E. faecalis and no activity against P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) essential oil against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria

2021 ◽  
pp. 2206-2211
Author(s):  
Elgio Venanda Ginting ◽  
Endah Retnaningrum ◽  
Dyah Ayu Widiasih
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme produced by the family of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which can hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycin, and carbapenem. ESBL-producing bacteria are widely distributed from farms to slaughterhouses until food products originating from animals are available in the market, which plays an important role as a pathway for the exposure and transmission of ESBL-producing bacteria from food products of animal origin to humans. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) essential oils against strains resistant to ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activity of clove and cinnamon essential oils was tested against three strains of tested bacteria using the disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of clove and cinnamon essential oils was determined using the broth microdilution method. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined using the MIC. Morphological changes on each tested bacteria were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Both essential oils exhibited inhibitory effects toward all test organisms, indicated by inhibition zones around the disk. The MIC values of clove essential oil were 0.078% (v/v) for all tested bacteria, whereas the MICs of cinnamon essential oil ranged from 0.039% (v/v) to 0.156% (v/v) for all tested bacteria. MBC values of clove and cinnamon essential oils ranged from 0.078% (v/v) to 0.156% (v/v) for all tested bacteria. There were morphological changes in each tested bacterial cell that was observed through SEM. Each tested bacteria treated with clove and cinnamon essential oils showed shrinkage and cells lysis. Conclusion: It was concluded that clove and cinnamon essential oils have emerged as effective antibacterial agents by showing high antibacterial activity against ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, as evidenced by the inhibition zone diameter and MIC value.

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