scholarly journals Effect of various milking equipment on milk ejection in high-yielding cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
A.P. Paliy ◽  
K.V. Ishchenko ◽  
A.P. Palii
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Competitive Industry

Improving modern dairy farming is based on the industry's development, which means transforming livestock farming into a competitive industry. The development of its technical and technological support is closely related to its functional ability to realize the genetic potential of biological objects of production with high-quality products, which is the defining criterion for the competitiveness of machinery and technology at the industry’s present stage of development. The purpose of the research was to study milk production technology based on a comprehensive assessment and implementation of modern milking equipment, maximizing animals’ genetic potential and industry efficiency. We proved that applying the ‘DeLaval’ milking parlor under the same feeding and keeping animals ensured the proper completeness of milking and increased cows’ milk yield. During the first, third, and highest lactations, the milk yield was 226 kg (P=0.05), 266 kg (P=0.05), and 214 kg (P=0.05), respectively. After-milking when applying ADM-8A averaged 175 ml, and only 45 ml when applying the ‘DeLaval’ parlor. When using the ‘DeLaval’ milking equipment, the milk production intensity of cows was 1.43 kg/min, and, with ADM-8A, it was 1.24 kg/min, which is 0.19 kg/min (P=0.001), or 15.3% higher.

scholarly journals High milk production decreases cow-calf productivity within a highly available feed resource environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Edwards ◽  
J. D. Hobbs ◽  
J. T. Mulliniks
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf

Abstract The beef cattle industry tends to focus on selecting production traits with the purpose of maximizing cow-calf performance. One such trait is milking ability, which is considered the primary influence on weaning weight of the calf. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of actual milk yield on reproductive performance, circulating blood metabolites, and calf performance in beef cows in the Southeastern US. Over a 2 yr period, data were collected from 237, 3- to 9-yr-old Angus-sired beef cows on 3 research stations in Tennessee. On approximately d 58 and 129 postpartum, 24-hr milk production was measured with a modified weigh-suckle-weigh technique using a milking machine. Subsamples of milk were collected for analysis of milk components. Milk yield data were used to retrospectively classify cows on actual milk yield as High ( ≥ 10 kg/d), Mod (8 to 9 kg/d), or Low ( < 8 kg/d). Cow body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were collected weekly at each location through breeding. Calf BW was recorded at birth, mid-weight at d 58, and weaning. At d 58 and 129 of postpartum, milk yields were different (P < 0.001) among the treatment groups. Cow BW during the entire study were not different (P ≥ 0.22) with increasing milk yield. Timed-AI pregnancy rate were the lowest (P = 0.02) in the High milk producing cows with no difference (P > 0.05) between Low and Mod milk cows. In addition, overall pregnancy rate continued to be the lowest (P = 0.04) in High milk producing cows with the greatest pregnancy rate in Mod milk cows. Calf mid-weight at ∼d 58 was increased (P < 0.001) in calves from Mod and High milking cows. However, calf BW at weaning was not different (P = 0.22) among calves from different milk treatment groups. Results from this study suggest that even in management systems that modify the grazing environments with harvested feedstuffs, high milk production decreases reproductive efficiency. In addition, increasing milk production up to d 129 postpartum did not result in increased calf BW at weaning, indicating that the genetic potential for calf BW at weaning could not be improved with increased genetic potential for milk production.

scholarly journals Milk production process, quality and technological properties of milk for the use of various types of milking machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51336
Author(s):  
Mariia Lutsenko ◽  
Oksana Halai ◽  
Victor Legkoduh ◽  
Iryna Lastovska ◽  
Oleksandr Borshch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Milk Ejection Reflex ◽  
Parallel Type

Studies have been carried out to evaluate the efficiency of using easy-assembled cow houses in modern milk production technologies for the use of high-productive milking plants of the type ‘Parallel’ and ‘Carousel’ with 32 machines each. It has been established that new types of premises not only provide comfortable conditions for the maintenance of highly productive cows, but also reduce the labor costs for their maintenance and, most importantly, allow the use of modern high-productive milking installations of the type ‘Parallel’ and ‘Carousel’. It has been established that the technology of preparation of cows for milking and milking technology provides more complete display of the milk ejection reflex at the installation of the ‘Parallel’ type. The average intensity of cows’ milk flows at this plant is 30% higher compared to those of the installation of ‘Carousel’ type, which is confirmed by the intensity of milk flow production at the first minute of milking, which is at the level of 2.97 against 1.85 kg min.-1 per installation of ‘Carousel’ type. Milk obtained using a milking installation of the ‘Parallel’ type has higher values of the mass fraction of fat and protein that is associated with the genetic potential of animals. According to physical, chemical and technological properties, milk obtained from milking installations such as ‘Parallel’ and ‘Carousel’ is within the limits of the standards in force. Milk obtained from the use of milking equipment such as ‘Carousel’ has higher electrical conductivity at the level of 4.6 mS cm-3, which is confirmed by a higher level of mastitis disease of cows. Due to bacterial contamination, reductase test and milk clot characteristic, milk obtained using a milk installation of ‘Parallel’ type also has higher quality indicators than the installation of ‘Carousel’ type. But according to the complex of indicators, milk obtained from various technologies of milking refers to the desired cheese-making class.

Productive longevity of Holstein cows of the Leningrad population with different systems of housing

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
O. K. Vasilyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Calculated Period ◽  
System Factor

To identify the advantages of a tethering system (TS) or loose-housing system (LHS), a comparative analysis of the level of milk productivity and the duration of productive longevity of cows in the Leningrad Region was carried out for a livestock of 4,272 cows that left in 2015–2019. The following indicators were calculated: period of productive use (PPU) – age in days from the first calving to the retirement of the cow, lifetime milk yield (LTMY); milk yield (kg) for 1 milking day, for 1 day of PPU and 1 day of life (Efficiency of Milk Production – EMP) – calculated by dividing lifetime milk yield by the number of milk days, PPU or life. With TS the LTMY is higher by 10,634 kg, which is obtained for 107 additional days of their productive use, milk production for 1 day of milking, the day of use, EMP is higher by 8,2 kg, 6,7 kg and 4,6 kg, respectively, the majority of cows have an EMP level in the ranges of 10,01–15,00 kg of milk (32,0%) and 15,01–20,00 kg (38,2%), and 11,0% of animals have reached an EMP level of more than 20,00 kg of milk. With LHS mainly cows are concentrated in the ranges of 5,01–10,00 kg of milk (43,6%) and 10,01–15,00 kg of milk (46,6%). Desirable cows with LTMY over 30 thousand kg, and in this range, the EMP is almost 10 times higher with TS (43,9 instead of 4,5%). The results obtained cannot be attributed to the advantages of TS. This is confirmed by the great influence of the father on the EMP (factor «Sire» – 0,679) or the inherent genetic potential of productivity, and only by 0,268 system (factor «System of housing») and by 0,296 (factor «Farm») housing conditions on the farm. The «System of housing» influences more on milk yield per 1 day of PPU than on EMP and LTMY (0,342 instead of 0,268 and 0,110, respectively). The effectiveness of LHS is evidenced by the fact that when comparing animals with the same level of EMP under this system, they are used for a longer time and, accordingly, produce more milk per life. So, with a level of 5,01–10,00 kg of milk, cows have a LTMY of 18,1% more with LHS, which were used for 0,54 lactation with PPU for 211 days longer than analogs with TS. A similar trend is observed at the level of 10,01–15,00 kg (+20,8%, +1,17 lact., +461 days) and at the level of 15,01–20,00 kg (+11,3%, +1,18 lact., +499 days). Therefore, for profitable dairy production with a LTMY of more than 30 thousand kg of milk during the PPU of Holstein cows with a LHS, attention should be paid to the level of the inherent genetic potential of productivity (according to the analyzed sample, at least 8000 kg of milk), that is, to select bulls with high breeding qualities.

Physiology of lactation and machine milking in dromedary she-camel

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kaskous
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Dromedary Camels ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Slow Progress ◽  
Milking Machine

Dromedary camels have the capability and the genetic potential to achieve high levels of milk production. However, systematic breeding programs to increase milk production are not common in this species. Dromedary camels are not well adapted to machine milking. Milk removal obviously requires in most farms a pre-stimulation through calf suckling before the milking machine can completely harvest the stored milk. In camels, most of the milk is stored in the alveolar compartment (>90-95%) of the udder. Therefore, almost no milk can be obtained in the absence of milk ejection. In addition, the morphological, anatomical and physiological properties of the camel udder are complex and not fully understood. Because of all biological and economical limitations related to machine milking dromedary camels are mostly hand-milked. The introduction of machine milking makes only slow progress and is limited to intensive dairy camel farms in a few countries. Machine milking of dromedary camels showed so far acceptable results. However, some studies clearly showed that udder emptying by machine milking with the available equipment is not satisfactory. The amount of residual milk after machine milking is high and was up to 30 % or even more of the stored milk in some studies. This means that the used machine needs to be improved to fit the camel's udder. Nevertheless, some studies clearly showed that a major proportion of dromedary camels have a suitable machine milking ability.

scholarly journals Effect of weaning system and type of milk flow on milk production of crossbred ewes improved Valachian and Tsigai with Lacaune

10.5219/1071 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
Lucia Mačuhová ◽  
Vladimír Tančin ◽  
Juliana Mačuhová ◽  
Michal Uhrinčať ◽  
Milan Margetin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Time Machine ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Electronic Recording ◽  
Milk Level

Improved Valachian (IV x LC; n = 41) and Tsigai (TS x LC; n = 44) crossbred ewes with Lacaune were used to study the effects of three weaning systems on milk production. Prior to parturition, ewes were assigned to one of the following three treatments for the first 53 day of lactation: 1) ewes weaned from their lambs at 24 h postpartum and afterwards machine milked twice daily (MTD), 2) ewes, beginning 24 h postpartum, kept during the daytime with their lambs and allowed them to suckle for 12 h, nights separated from their lambs for 12 h and machine milked once daily in the morning (MIX), and 3) ewes exclusively suckled by their lambs (ES). After the treatment period, lambs were weaned from MIX and ES ewes, and all three groups were machine milked twice daily. Furthermore, ewes were evaluated according to number of live-born and weaned lambs (with one (n = 35) or with two lambs (n = 50)). The measurements of milk yield and milk flow were performed on 110 ±5 day of lactation by the equipment for graduated electronic recording of the milk level in a jar in one-second intervals. No significant differences were observed in the measured values (total milk yield, machine milk yield, latency time, milking time, machine stripping, milk flow rate, and machine milk yield in 30 and 60 s) among weaning treatments and between ewes with one or two lambs and evaluated breeds too. The highest occurrence of one peak milk flow (milk flow without milk ejection) was found out in MTD ewes (50%) compared to MIX (19%) and ES (17%). In conclusion, the different systems of weaning did not influence the milk yield and milk flow parameters in the mid-lactation.

scholarly journals Genotypic and paratypic factors formation of milk productivity of austrian schwyz breed cows in environmental area of origin

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Pishchan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Mass Part ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
High Selection ◽  
Economic Use

The article set out the materials of researches about the formation of the level of milk production of Austrian cows of Schwyz breed of different generations, depending on the genotype and paratypic factors at their area of ecological origin, considering of which will promote high selection. It was established that in the operation of animals in the area of environmental origin the level of lactic productivity of daughters varies between 5000 – 12000 kg per lactation, whereas their mothers do not exceed maximum index 12,800 kg, at the same time in the mother of father it exceeds 20000 kg. Thus, the qualitative composition of milk from different generations corresponds to the average consolidated of Schwyz breed. The mass part of the fat and protein in the milk of daughters is at the level 4,13 and 3.57%. The highest content of milk fat in mother of father, the mass of fat in the milk is an average of 4.37%. The dynamics of the implementation of milk production of daughters and their mothers on the continuation of the economic use is similar. In the first lactation the total milk yield of cows amounts respectively 6686.9 and 6261.8 kg of milk, in the second lactation, the level rises to 7532.2, and 7748.7 kg. In the future, there is a slight increase in the productivity and after the fourth lactation daughters and their mother’s milk yield is almost identical and is respectively 8138.3 and 81356 kg of milk. The implementation of the genetic potential of the father's mother passes on a higher level, that meet the requirements for this category of parent. In the first lactation from this cows was obtained 9276.3 kg of milk, and the second – 11599.6 kg. The highest level of productivity was observed in the third lactation where milk yield was an average of 11667.5 kg. After the fourth lactation milk yield decreased slightly, but did not fall below the figure 11139.3 kg. It is proved that the realization of the productive potential of the daughters of parents of highly close to that of a mother. If the productivity of the daughters of the average for the entire period of exploitation below the milk yield of their mothers only 87 kg, 4% milk, the index mother of father – to 3762 kg, or 48.5% (P < 0.001).

The determination of milk yield in the Merino ewe

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
I McCance
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Milk Ejection

Yield was measured by hand milking following injection of posterior pituitary extract (PPE) to obtain milk ejection. Lambs put with ewes hand milked after 2 doses of 5 i.u. of PPE could obtain little or no milk. Yield depended on the interval between milkings, the rate of secretion being apparently faster in the first 2 hr. The effect was less marked as lactation declined. Yields were independent of time of day and speed of milking. When successive yields were used to rank ewes in order of performance, the rankings were always significantly concordant. Earlier applications of the method had no detectable effect on later lactation. It is concluded that the method provides a simple means of obtaining useful estimates of milk production.

Technical and technological ensuring for individual milk yield accounting and apportion cow’s feeding

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
V. V. Tkach ◽  
A. I. Fenenko ◽  
S. A. Yaczko ◽  
V. V. Bratishko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
The World ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Experimental Researches

Annotation Purpose. Improving the efficiency of the milk production process by developing automatic technical means for individual milk accounting and targeted cows feeding. Methods. Generalization of world experience in creating means forindividual milk accountingand dosed issuance of concentrated feeds. Experimental studies based on general mechanics principles. Results. The world experience of technical and technological support of monitoring individual cow’s productivity is generalized. The parameters of the technological process of targeted cows feeding are substantiated. The results of experimental researches and industrial check of technical means for individual milk accounting and dosed delivery of concentrated fodder are given. Conclusions. As a result of the research, automatic technical means were developed for monitoring individual milk yield and dosed distribution of concentrated feed, which makes it possible to create a targeted feeding system for cows on their basis. Keywords: automation of milking, milk flow sensor, feed dispenser, machine milking, cow feeding, individual milk accounting.

scholarly journals ELECTION AND GENETIC PARAMETERS OF THE INTENSITY OF MILK PRODUCTION IN COWS

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
R.R. Kayumov ◽  
◽  
M.A. Sushentsova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Technological Feature ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Selection For

The study of the main technological feature of the Kholmogorsky breed of the Tatarstan type-milk ejection intensity-showed that its increased variability is characterized by high-blood crossbreeds, as well as animals of the Astronaut and Sovering lines. The high and low genetic potential of parental productivity reduces the variability of milk ejection intensity. However, selection for an increase in milk content will not be accompanied by an improvement in the intensity of milk ejection, since the established phenotypic correlation is mainly negative or positive at a low level. In this regard, it is necessary to control both productive and technological characteristics.

scholarly journals The influence of birth season on the growing of heifers and their further productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
S. L. Belozertseva ◽  
L. L. Petrukhina
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Maximum Lifetime ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Information Database

The results of studies on the effect of the birth season factor on the lifetime productivity and growth rate of cows are presented. The material for the research was the information database of the "Selex" breeding record program for the highly productive herd of black-motley cattle of the "Pre-Baikal type". The research was carried out under the conditions of the Irkutsk region in 20152019. Replacement heifers, which were evaluated for growth and development, and subsequently for milk production during the 1st and 3rd lactations and lifetime production, were chosen as an object of research. Heifers born in the summer-autumn period, according to the 1st lactation, gave the highest productivity, their milk yield was 6151-6179 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.85%. By the 3rd lactation, cows born in the summer months retained high productivity (7001 kg with a milk fat content of 3.83%). From the cows born in winter, a maximum lifetime production of 30,519 kg was obtained. The cows born in spring have 856 kg less lifetime productivity. With the maximum lifelong productivity, the age in lactations was 4.5, with the minimum - 4.0. This indicates that the shorter the period of productive use, the lower the lifetime milk yield of cows. The cows that gave the highest milk production in the first lactations dropped out of the herd sooner for various reasons, thereby not having reached their full genetic potential and not having shown their possible maximum milk production.

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