scholarly journals A man by Plato and Sophocles: the experience of comparative analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
S. V. Shevtsov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Esoteric Knowledge ◽  
Synthetic View ◽  
Rational Knowledge ◽  
New View

Constitutive aspects of two ways of cognition are clarified: Apollonian way with its synthetic view of the world, that expressed in Plato’s myth of cave and Dionysian way with its tragic self-cognition and attitude to the world, that expressed in Sophocles’ Oedipusology. For implementation of comparative analysis the author defines the key formal and informative aspects, regarding which we can compare man of cave by Plato and Oedipus by Sophocles. Showed, that the first conceptual sign is understanding of fundamental incompleteness of human existence. Grasped that the second sign is a condition of total ignorance with some psychological and existential trials: being on the bottom of the cave by Plato and being of Oedipus in Corinth by Sophocles. Clarified that the third sign of comparative analysis is transforming conditions with pain, torture, anger, fear etc. A cave man realizes that subjects in new view are different from previous view. Oedipus has in this case some doubts, he goes to Delphi, then he runs to Thebes and comes to grip with Sphinx. Showed, that the fourth sign of comparative analysis is a character of opening of wisdom: a cave man carries linear sequential climbing from empirical knowledge to rational knowledge, from rational knowledge to speculative knowledge, and Oedipus carries by discrete way from esoteric knowledge to knowledge-power, from knowledge-power to knowledge-of-himself. Grasped that the fifth sign of comparative analysis is a condition after cognition of wisdom: a cave man comes back to the cave, tries to save other people and meets his destiny as violent death, in opposite of this Oedipus leaves Thebes forever, disappears mystically and comes spiritual patron of Athens.

scholarly journals ‘Philosophizing with’

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Nina Bonderup Dohn
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Philosophical View ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Applied Philosophy ◽  
The World

In this essay, I shall present key points from my dr.phil thesis (Higher Doctorate/Habilitation), Epistemological concerns – querying the learning field from a philosophical point of view (Dohn, 2017).1 The aim is to provide an overview of the thesis and to present its main argument for a form of applied philosophy where philosophy takes on the role of dialogue partner with a voice of its own. By way of illustration, I shall highlight some of the issues I have engaged with in this role as well as the answers which dialogue with other disciplines has led me to as regards these issues. First, I present the field, aim, and structure of the thesis. Second, I explicate what I mean by ‘philosophizing with’ and point out four different ways in which one can undertake this venture. Philosophy may dialogue with many disciplines in many areas; the ones I have engaged with fall within the learning field. To further the comprehensibility of my more specific concerns within this field, in the third section I articulate the philosophical outset from which I speak: With inspiration from Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, Wittgenstein and Dreyfus, I hold a view of human existence as being-in-the-world and an approach to knowledge as fundamentally involving tacit aspects. This outset is developed throughout the thesis, in dialogue with other disciplines. In section four, I briefly present the resulting philosophical view of knowledge. In section five, I articulate more specifically a number of the issues within the learning field which have helped me develop this view. Section six conversely summarizes some key points which my philosophizing with on these issues have led me to contribute to the disciplines. I end with a few concluding remarks on concerns to engage with in continuation from the results of my thesis.

scholarly journals Religion and Science: What Can Anthropology Offer?

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Peter Skalník
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Pure Science ◽  
Anthropology Of Science ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
Rational Knowledge

Abstract This short tribute to Ján Podolák comments on the space between two extremes: pure science and blind belief. If religion is not susceptible to scientific proof because it is a belief in an invisible world inhabited by spirits who influence human existence on earth then science in its strictest sense is the opposite of religion because it is not based on any beliefs but solely on provable facts. However, the anthropology of science should be based on the pluralism of knowledge and the seeking of truth in different cultural settings around the world. Everything human, also science, is a social and cultural phenomenon. This means that rationality is not a preserve of the Western mind only and that without falling into the trap of postmodernist excessive relativism, we should admit that rationality is not only universal but also not hierarchized evolutionistically or qualitatively by giving preference to its Western brand. Science thus ceases to be the only realm of rational knowledge. Religion in its turn is a kind of non-scientific knowledge.

Sylvia Wynter’s Theory of the Human: Counter-, not Post-humanist

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Zimitri Erasmus
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of

How does Sylvia Wynter’s theory of the human depart from Western bio-centric and teleological accounts of the human? To grapple with this question I clarify five key concepts in her theory: the Third Emergence, auto- and socio-poiesis, the autopoietic overturn, the human as hybrid, and sociogenesis. I draw on parts of Wynter’s oeuvre, texts she works with and my conversations with Anthony Bogues. Wynter invents a Third Emergence of the world to mark the advent of the human as a hybrid being. She challenges Western conceptions that reduce the human to biological properties. In opposition to Western teleology, her counter-cartography of a history of human life offers a relational conception of human existence which pivots around Frantz Fanon’s theory of sociogeny. She draws on Aimé Césaire’s call for a conception of the human made to the measure of the world, not to the measure of ‘Man’. This makes Wynter’s theory counter-, not post-humanist.

HISTORICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF HERMENEUTICS M. HEIDEGGER

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Vira Dubinina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutics ◽  
Fundamental Ontology ◽  
Main Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Ontological Foundation

Hermeneutics of presence, developed by M. Heidegger, and possible ways of its further transformation are considered. This tendency was embodied and developed in the project of philosophical hermeneutics H.-G. Gadamer, who focuses not on the analytics of presence, but on the language as a horizon of meaning and understanding. A comparative analysis of these theories shows that the understanding of hermeneutics as an ontological interpretation of presence is completed not only in the framework of ontological discourse, but also in the representation of language as an independent agent, which is also the most developed topos of existence. The analytics of presence is the main content of Heidegger’s main work, and at the same time it should become the basis of the fundamental ontology, which grows directly from such hermeneutics and, in a sense, is its substantive mode. Such a theory is an understanding that is carried out not as an act of thinking, but as a way of staying, a special Dasein modus, which is given not so much epistemologically as existentially. Although Gadamer lacks the required hermeneutic analytics of the language, he never departs from his postulate of the linguistic nature of understanding. For him, the soil on which human existence is built as understanding is initially language, while Heidegger comes to language through speech, which is seen as the existential-ontological foundation of language. Language, according to Gadamer, is an a priori condition for any act of understanding, the space for its implementation and, at the same time, the result, expressed in the total “stipulation” of the world by the word.

Russian Policy of Agriculture Support and the Necessity of Its Modification after WTO Accession

2012 ◽  
pp. 132-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Uzun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Wto Accession ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Agriculture Support

The article deals with the features of the Russian policy of agriculture support in comparison with the EU and the US policies. Comparative analysis is held considering the scales and levels of collective agriculture support, sources of supporting means, levels and mechanisms of support of agricultural production manufacturers, its consumers, agrarian infrastructure establishments, manufacturers and consumers of each of the principal types of agriculture production. The author makes an attempt to estimate the consequences of Russia’s accession to the World Trade Organization based on a hypothesis that this will result in unification of the manufacturers and consumers’ protection levels in Russia with the countries that have long been WTO members.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Overcoming “The Third Way” Concept

2006 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear

“The Third Way” concept is still widespread all over the world. Growing socio-economic uncertainty makes the authors revise the concept. In the course of discussion with other authors they introduce a synergetic vision of the problem. That means in the first place changing a linear approach to the economic research for a non-linear one.

The World Economic Forum Principles on "Climate Governance on Corporate Boards": can soft law help to face climate change around the world?

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-55
Author(s):  
Sabrina Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Financial Factor ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic

Climate change is a financial factor that carries with it risks and opportunities for companies. To support boards of directors of companies belonging to all jurisdictions, the World Economic Forum issued in January 2019 eight Principlescontaining both theoretical and practical provisions on: climate accountability, competence, governance, management, disclosure and dialogue. The paper analyses each Principle to understand scope and managerial consequences for boards and to evaluate whether the legal distinctions, among the various jurisdictions, may undermine the application of the Principles or, by contrast, despite the differences the Principles may be a useful and effective guidance to drive boards' of directors' conduct around the world in handling climate change challenges. Five jurisdictions are taken into consideration for this comparative analysis: Europe (and UK), US, Australia, South Africa and Canada. The conclusion is that the WEF Principles, as soft law, is the best possible instrument to address boards of directors of worldwide companies, harmonise their conduct and effectively help facing such global emergency.

Epidemias y Religión

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-81
Author(s):  
Bruno Van der Maat
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Reflections

The current pandemic has seen some adverse reactions from the most diverse religious groups all over the world to government regulations. After having described some of their manifestations, this contribution analyzes what the Bible and some post biblical (patristic and Talmudic) traditions say about illness and pandemics. As it is ascertained that these sources contain very limited material on these subjects, the third part of this article proposes some ethical reflections regarding the official response to the pandemic as well as some pastoral implications. Key Words: Pandemic, Religion, Bible, Talmud, Pastoral Care.

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