Análise cinemática da marcha pós protocolo de fadiga global de curta duração

AIMS: Evaluate the effects of a short-term fatigue protocol on gait’s kinematic parameters of healthy subjects.METHODS: 21 healthy young adults participated in the sample. The parameters of linear kinematics of gait (velocity, cadence, step length, step width, step time) and angular kinematics of gait (hip’s flexion and extension; knee’s flexion and extension; ankle’s dorsiflexion and plantar flexion) were analyzed before and after performing a short-term fatigue protocol. For gait evaluation, a three dimensional gait trajectory capture system was used, consisting of a kinematic system with 7 integrated cameras. The Short-Term Functional Agility Fatigue Protocol, which consists of a short-term global fatigue protocol with series of functional agility exercises, was used to fatigue participants. For comparisons between pre and post fatigue evaluations, the mean values to paired t test, and statistical significance was set as p < 0.05.RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the angular and linear parameters evaluated, except for cadence (p = 0.03).CONCLUSIONS: The short-term global fatigue protocol did not alter the angular and kinematic gait parameters in young subjects, except for the cadence, that was higher after the fatigue protocol.

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Effects of mechanical stimulation of the feet on gait and cardiovascular autonomic control in Parkinson's disease

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.01160.2013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 116 (5) ◽

pp. 495-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Franca Barbic ◽

Manuela Galli ◽

Laura Dalla Vecchia ◽

Margherita Canesi ◽

Veronica Cimolin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Rotation Velocity ◽

Step Length ◽

Autonomic Control ◽

Gait Velocity ◽

Central Processing ◽

Cardiovascular Autonomic Control

Motor impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is partly due to defective central processing of lower limb afferents. Concomitant alterations in cardiovascular autonomic control leading to orthostatic hypotension may worsen motor ability. We evaluated whether mechanical activation of feet sensory afferents could improve gait and modify the response of cardiovascular autonomic control to stressors in 16 patients (age 66 ± 2 yr) with idiopathic PD (Hoehn & Yhar scale 2–3) on their usual therapy. Eight subjects ( group A) were randomized to undergo skin pressure (0.58 ± 0.04 kg/mm2) stimulation at the hallux tip and first metatarsal joint (effective stimulation; ES) of both feet. Eight remaining patients ( group B) underwent sham stimulation (SS) followed by ES. Three-dimensional movement analysis provided quantitative indexes of movement disability before (baseline) and 24 h after ES and SS. Spectral analysis of heart rate and blood pressure variability provided markers of cardiac sympatho-vagal (LF/HF) and vascular sympathetic (LFSAP) modulations. Markers were measured at rest and during 75° head-up tilt, before and 24 h after ES and SS. After ES, step length and gait velocity increased, upright rotation velocity was enhanced, and step number was decreased. After ES, LFSAP declined. The increase in LF/HF and LFSAP induced by tilt was greater than before feet stimulation. No changes in gait and autonomic parameters were observed after SS. Twenty-four hours after ES, patients with PD showed improved gait and increased cardiac and vascular sympathetic modulation during upright position compared with baseline. Conversely, SS was ineffective on both movement and autonomic parameters, indicating a site specificity effect of the stimulation.

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Short-Term Effect of Kinesio Taping of Lower-Leg Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Pattern on Gait Parameter and Dynamic Balance in Chronic Stroke with Foot Drop

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030271 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 271

Author(s):

Dongyun Lee ◽

Youngsook Bae

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Balance ◽

Step Length ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Foot Drop ◽

Gait Velocity ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Short Term ◽

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of this study is to identify the effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) leg Kinesio taping on gait parameters and dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients with foot drop. A total 22 chronic stroke patients were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 11) and control groups (n = 11). All subjects underwent conventional therapy and gait training for 50 min. The experimental group additionally received KT of tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and hamstring muscles according to the PNF pattern. The control group received KT of only TA. The primary outcome measures that the gait parameter are gait velocity, cadence, step length, and stride length. Dynamic balance was measured by the timed up-and-go test (TUG) time and activity-specific balance confidence scale (ABC) as the secondary outcomes. All of the measurements were performed baseline and 24 h after intervention. Our results showed that the experimental group showed significant improvements in gait velocity, cadence, step length, stride length and TUG, and ABC score compared with the control group. We conclude that the short term effect of application of lower-leg KT according to the PNF pattern increased the gait ability and dynamic balance of chronic stroke patients with foot drop.

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Comparison of tibialis anterior muscle electromyography, ankle angle, and velocity when individuals post stroke walk with different orthoses

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364611417040 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 402-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Chad Lairamore ◽

M Kevin Garrison ◽

William Bandy ◽

Reta Zabel

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Tibialis Anterior ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Swing Phase ◽

Gait Velocity ◽

Leaf Spring ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Ankle Angle

Background: Ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) have been used to improve the gait of individuals post stroke, but their use has come into question secondary to increased understanding of motor re-learning. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a change in tibialis anterior muscle electromyography, ankle angle, or gait velocity when individuals post stroke walk with a posterior leaf-spring AFO (PLAFO) or a dynamic ankle orthosis (DAO). Study Design: Repeated measures. Methods: Fifteen participants post stroke walked without an orthosis, with a PLAFO, and with a DAO. Data were gathered using electromyography, force plates, and three-dimensional motion analysis cameras. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for statistical significance ( p ≤ 0.05). Results: Participants exhibited significantly less tibialis anterior muscle electromyography during the swing phase of gait with use of a DAO ( p < 0.001). No change in velocity or ankle angle was exhibited with use of either orthosis. Conclusions: The results support therapists’ notions that bracing can lead to a decline in tibialis anterior muscle activity during the swing phase of gait. The results also showed no improvement in gait velocity when either orthosis was used by participants who could walk without an orthosis.

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Efficacy of a newly designed trunk orthosis with joints providing resistive force in adults with post-stroke hemiparesis

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364614545420 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 129-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Junji Katsuhira ◽

Nodoka Miura ◽

Tadashi Yasui ◽

Takane Mitomi ◽

Sumiko Yamamoto

Keyword(s):

Plantar Flexion ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Step Length ◽

Gait Training ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Resistive Force ◽

Paretic Limb

Background: Few studies have examined the efficacy of trunk orthoses that support the upper trunk and a paretic limb in stroke patients. To improve stability and alignment of the trunk and pelvis in hemiparetic patients, we developed a newly designed trunk orthosis that provides resistive force through spring joints. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the newly designed trunk orthosis’s biomechanical effects during level walking. Study design: Before-after trials must be better. Methods: Measurements were taken for nine chronic-phase (>2 years post-onset) stroke patients using a three-dimensional motion capture system and force plates under three experimental conditions: self-selected gait speed without the newly designed trunk orthosis, with the newly designed trunk orthosis, and after newly designed trunk orthosis removal. We analyzed and compared spatiotemporal and kinetic parameters of the paretic and non-paretic limbs and kinematic parameters of the trunk and bilateral limbs. Results: Several pre-swing gait parameters (e.g. hip joint flexion moment and ankle joint plantar flexion angle) after newly designed trunk orthosis removal were significantly increased compared to those without newly designed trunk orthosis. Step length of the paretic limb tended to increase after newly designed trunk orthosis removal. Conclusion: The newly designed trunk orthosis effectively modified trunk alignment, but larger improvements in kinetic and kinematic parameters were observed in the bilateral limbs after newly designed trunk orthosis removal than with the newly designed trunk orthosis. Clinical relevance Stroke patients improved only trunk malalignment while wearing the newly designed trunk orthosis. Gait after newly designed trunk orthosis removal was better than with the newly designed trunk orthosis. Positive changes after removal were mostly observed in pre-swing of the hemiparetic limb. The newly designed trunk orthosis might be effective for gait training in stroke patients.

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The Effect of Exertion on Joint Kinematics and Kinetics During Running Using a Waveform Analysis Approach

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.2014-0138 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 250-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lauren C. Benson ◽

Kristian M. O’Connor

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

External Rotation ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Plantar Flexion ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Principal Component ◽

Waveform Analysis ◽

Joint Mechanics ◽

Before And After

About half of all runners sustain a running-related injury every year. Exertion may contribute to risk of injury by altering joint mechanics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exertion on runners’ joint mechanics using principal component analysis (PCA). Three-dimensional motion analysis of the lower extremity was performed on 16 healthy female runners before and after their typical training run. PCA was used to determine exertion-related changes in joint mechanics at the ankle, knee, and hip. Statistical significance for repeated-measures MANOVA of the retained principal components at each joint and plane of motion was at P < .05. Exercise effects were identified at the ankle (greater rate of eversion [PC2: P = .027], and decreased plantar flexion moment [overall: P = .044] and external rotation moment [PC3: P = .003]), knee (increased adduction [overall: P = .044] and internal rotation [PC3: P = .034], and decreased abduction moment [overall: P = .045]), and hip (increased internal rotation [PC1: P = .013] and range of mid- to late-stance rotation [PC2: P = .009], and decreased internal rotation moment [PC1: P = .001]). The observed changes in running mechanics reflect a gait profile that is often linked to running injury. The effects of more strenuous activity may result in mechanics that present an even greater risk for injury.

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Operational Model and its Validation with Drift Tests in Water Areas Around the Baltic Sea

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1994.019 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (2-3) ◽

pp. 293-308

Author(s):

J. Koponen ◽

M. Virtanen ◽

H. Vepsä ◽

E. Alasaarela

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Fast Response ◽

Velocity Measurements ◽

Short Term ◽

Large Lakes ◽

Operational Model ◽

Water Currents ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Sensitivity Tests ◽

The Baltic

Abstract Three-dimensional (3-D) mathematical models of water currents, transport, mixing, reaction kinetic, and interactions with bottom and air have been used in Finland regularly since 1982 and applied to about 40 cases in large lakes, inland seas and their coastal waters. In each case, model validity has been carefully tested with available flow velocity measurements, tracer studies and water quality observations. For operational use, i.e., for spill combatting and sea rescue, the models need fast response, proven validity and illustrative visualization. In 1987-90, validated models were implemented for operational use at five sea areas along the Finnish coast. Further validation was obtained in model applications from nine documented or arranged cases and from seven emergency situations. Sensitivity tests supplement short-term validation. In the Bothnian Sea, it was nescessary to start the calculation of water currents three days prior to the start of the experiment to reduce initial inaccuracies and to make the coastal transport estimates meaningful.

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Whole-brain 3D MR fingerprinting brain imaging: clinical validation and feasibility to patients with meningioma

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10334-021-00924-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thomaz R. Mostardeiro ◽

Ananya Panda ◽

Robert J. Witte ◽

Norbert G. Campeau ◽

Kiaran P. McGee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Relaxation Times ◽

Brain Structures ◽

Centrum Semiovale ◽

In Vivo Evaluation ◽

Whole Brain ◽

Mean Values ◽

Caudate Head

Abstract Purpose MR fingerprinting (MRF) is a MR technique that allows assessment of tissue relaxation times. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical application of this technique in patients with meningioma. Materials and methods A whole-brain 3D isotropic 1mm3 acquisition under a 3.0T field strength was used to obtain MRF T1 and T2-based relaxometry values in 4:38 s. The accuracy of values was quantified by scanning a quantitative MR relaxometry phantom. In vivo evaluation was performed by applying the sequence to 20 subjects with 25 meningiomas. Regions of interest included the meningioma, caudate head, centrum semiovale, contralateral white matter and thalamus. For both phantom and subjects, mean values of both T1 and T2 estimates were obtained. Statistical significance of differences in mean values between the meningioma and other brain structures was tested using a Friedman’s ANOVA test. Results MR fingerprinting phantom data demonstrated a linear relationship between measured and reference relaxometry estimates for both T1 (r2 = 0.99) and T2 (r2 = 0.97). MRF T1 relaxation times were longer in meningioma (mean ± SD 1429 ± 202 ms) compared to thalamus (mean ± SD 1054 ± 58 ms; p = 0.004), centrum semiovale (mean ± SD 825 ± 42 ms; p < 0.001) and contralateral white matter (mean ± SD 799 ± 40 ms; p < 0.001). MRF T2 relaxation times were longer for meningioma (mean ± SD 69 ± 27 ms) as compared to thalamus (mean ± SD 27 ± 3 ms; p < 0.001), caudate head (mean ± SD 39 ± 5 ms; p < 0.001) and contralateral white matter (mean ± SD 35 ± 4 ms; p < 0.001) Conclusions Phantom measurements indicate that the proposed 3D-MRF sequence relaxometry estimations are valid and reproducible. For in vivo, entire brain coverage was obtained in clinically feasible time and allows quantitative assessment of meningioma in clinical practice.

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Gait and Balance Changes with Investigational Peripheral Nerve Cell Therapy during Deep Brain Stimulation in People with Parkinson’s Disease

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11040500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Geetanjali Gera ◽

Zain Guduru ◽

Tritia Yamasaki ◽

Julie A. Gurwell ◽

Monica J. Chau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Step Length ◽

Gait Velocity ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Deep Brain

Background: The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and dopaminergic therapy is known to decrease over time. Hence, a new investigational approach combines implanting autologous injury-activated peripheral nerve grafts (APNG) at the time of bilateral DBS surgery to the globus pallidus interna. Objectives: In a study where APNG was unilaterally implanted into the substantia nigra, we explored the effects on clinical gait and balance assessments over two years in 14 individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Computerized gait and balance evaluations were performed without medication, and stimulation was in the off state for at least 12 h to best assess the role of APNG implantation alone. We hypothesized that APNG might improve gait and balance deficits associated with PD. Results: While people with a degenerative movement disorder typically worsen with time, none of the gait parameters significantly changed across visits in this 24 month study. The postural stability item in the UPDRS did not worsen from baseline to the 24-month follow-up. However, we measured gait and balance improvements in the two most affected individuals, who had moderate PD. In these two individuals, we observed an increase in gait velocity and step length that persisted over 6 and 24 months. Conclusions: Participants did not show worsening of gait and balance performance in the off therapy state two years after surgery, while the two most severely affected participants showed improved performance. Further studies may better address the long-term maintanenace of these results.

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Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Pattern Recognition of Synthetical Complete Earthquake Catalog

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4905

Author(s):

Chen Cao ◽

Xiangbin Wu ◽

Lizhi Yang ◽

Qian Zhang ◽

Xianying Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pattern Recognition ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Earthquake Risk ◽

Earthquake Activity ◽

Earthquake Catalog ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Earthquake Migration ◽

Long Short Term Memory

Exploring the spatiotemporal distribution of earthquake activity, especially earthquake migration of fault systems, can greatly to understand the basic mechanics of earthquakes and the assessment of earthquake risk. By establishing a three-dimensional strike-slip fault model, to derive the stress response and fault slip along the fault under regional stress conditions. Our study helps to create a long-term, complete earthquake catalog. We modelled Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks for pattern recognition of the synthetical earthquake catalog. The performance of the models was compared using the mean-square error (MSE). Our results showed clearly the application of LSTM showed a meaningful result of 0.08% in the MSE values. Our best model can predict the time and magnitude of the earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Mw = 6.5 with a similar clustering period. These results showed conclusively that applying LSTM in a spatiotemporal series prediction provides a potential application in the study of earthquake mechanics and forecasting of major earthquake events.

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Three dimensional echocardiography documents haemodynamic improvement by biventricular pacing in patients with severe heart failure

Heart ◽

10.1136/hrt.85.5.514 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 514-520

Author(s):

W Y Kim ◽

P Søgaard ◽

P T Mortensen ◽

H Kjærulf Jensen ◽

A Kirstein Pedersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Biventricular Pacing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Short Term ◽

Bundle Branch Block ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Dimensional Echocardiography ◽

Three Dimensional Echocardiography

OBJECTIVESTo quantify the short term haemodynamic effects of biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block by using three dimensional echocardiography.DESIGNThree dimensional echocardiography was performed in 15 consecutive heart failure patients (New York Heart Association functional class III or IV) with an implanted biventricular pacing system. Six minute walk tests were performed to investigate the effect of biventricular pacing on exercise capacity. Data were acquired at sinus rhythm and after short term (2–7 days) biventricular pacing.RESULTSCompared with baseline values, biventricular pacing significantly reduced left ventricular end diastolic volume (EDV) by mean (SD) 4.0 (5.1)% (p < 0.01) and end systolic volume (ESV) by 5.6 (6.4)% (p < 0.02). Mitral regurgitant fraction was significantly reduced by 11 (12.1)% (p < 0.003) and forward stroke volume (FSV) increased by 13.9 (18.6)% (p < 0.02). Exercise capacity was significantly improved with biventricular pacing by 48.4 (43.3)% (p < 0.00001). Regression analyses showed that the percentage increase in FSV independently predicted percentage improvement in walking distance (r2 = 0.73, p < 0.0002). Both basal QRS duration and QRS narrowing predicted pacing efficacy, showing a significant correlation with %ΔEDV, %ΔESV, and %ΔFSV.CONCLUSIONSIn five of 15 consecutive patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block, biventricular pacing induced a more than 15% increase in FSV, which predicted a more than 25% increase in walking distance and was accompanied by an immediate reduction in left ventricular chamber size and mitral regurgitation.

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