scholarly journals Anurans of a disturbed area in Jarú, Rondônia, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Piatti ◽  
Paulo Matthes Orlandi de Amaro ◽  
Jhonatas Fernando de Jesus Araújo ◽  
Vitor Quadros Altamore Sanches ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Bernarde
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Species Being

This paper presents a checklist of anurans species and their distribution in a disturbed area in the municipality of Jarú, Rondônia state, Brazil. Nineteen species belonging to eight families were sampled with pitfall traps and time constrained searches. About 70% of the species were found in a secondary forest and 40% were found only in this environment, while about 57% were found in pastures, with 26% of species being registered only in this habitat. Our results were similar to those of previous studies in other disturbed areas of Rondônia. Species that can be found in different habits were unevenly distributed, with forested environments harboring more species. Despite its nearness to Cerrado and the large number of open areas available, most species found are typical of the Amazon forest.

scholarly journals Allelic diversity in populations of Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil (Solanaceae) in a protected area and a disturbed environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 937-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Moura ◽  
Alexandre Magno Sebbenn ◽  
Karina Martins ◽  
Maria Andreia Moreno ◽  
Giancarlo Conde Xavier Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Two Populations

This study aimed to compare the genetic diversity of populations of Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil between natural and human disturbed environments, with the assumption that protected areas have greater genetic diversity than disturbed areas. For this study, two populations were sampled in Goiás State, Brazil. One was located in a conservation unit, Serra de Caldas Novas State Park, in the Caldas Novas municipality. The other was located in a pasture area in the municipality of Morrinhos. The two populations are 41 km apart. We sampled 60 individuals from each population, which were genotyped with five microsatellite loci (SSR). The highest number of alleles was recorded in the population of the conservation unit, where we found 11 exclusive and five rare alleles. In the disturbed area, we recorded only three exclusive alleles and one rare allele. Although we did not observe significant inbreeding in these populations, genetic divergence between them was high (G ST (Hedrick)=0.147 =0.147) for a species with long distance seed dispersal. The results corroborate the hypothesis that the population in the less disturbed area harbors greater allelic diversity. They also confirm the effectiveness of using protected areas to preserve the genetic diversity of the species.

scholarly journals Influencia de microhábitats en el desempeño de especies herbáceas en áreas de bosque maduro y secundario en la región semiárida de Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Ramos de Andrade ◽  
Kleber Andrade da Silva ◽  
Josiene Maria Fraga dos Santos ◽  
Danielle Melo dos Santos ◽  
Thiago Pereira Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Biological Group

<p>The conditions for plant establishment in mature forest are different from those found in disturbed areas. In dry environments, the herbaceous cover is the most important in the recolonization of deforested areas. It can, therefore, act as an ideal biological group for assessing how changes in habitat heterogeneity affect the resilience of dry forests. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether natural regeneration of the herbaceous stratum differed between areas of mature and secondary forest of Caatinga and to describe this process. The study took place in the Brazilian semiarid region during the rainy season 2011 (January to August), where fifty 1m² plots were set up, 25 allocated to the microhabitat established as “between canopies” and 25 to the microhabitat “under the canopy”. The herbaceous species selected for the study were <em>Delilia biflora</em> (Asteraceae), <em>Gomphrena vaga</em> (Amaranthaceae) and <em>Pseudabutilon spicatum</em> (Malvaceae), abundant species occurring in both areas. All individuals from the selected populations were counted, marked with sequential numbers, and the height of the stem was measured. Differences between areas, and in size and survival between microhabitats, were found only for the first two species. Fruit production was higher in the mature forest for the three species. The study concluded that: 1. The effect of the microhabitats “between canopies” and “under the canopy” in mature and secondary forest areas depends on the species considered; 2. Populations sensitive to light intensity differ in number of individuals, height and fruit production; and 3. The resilience of anthropogenic areas in semiarid environments can be characterized by the presence of spatial heterogeneity with regard to the emergence and survival of herbaceous seedlings, suggesting that the regeneration of disturbed areas may occur in patches. </p>

scholarly journals Peranan Semut di Ekosistem Transformasi Hutan Hujan Tropis Dataran Rendah

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Noor Farikhah Haneda ◽  
Nisfi Yuniar
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Army Ants ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Jungle Rubber ◽  
Sampling Plot

Deforestasi atau perubahan fungsi dari hutan menjadi non-hutan berperan dalam perubahan ekosistem dan spesies di dalamnya. Serangga sebagai salah satu fauna di dalamnya merupakan aspek yang menarik untuk dikaji khususnya semut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi peranan-peranan dari genus semut yang ditemukan di ekosistem transformasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Bungku, Kecamatan Bajubang, Kabupaten Batanghari, Provinsi Jambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah membuat plot pengamatan secara purposive sampling. Plot pengamatan dipasang di empat eksosistem hutan dengan jumlah masing - masing ekosistem sebanyak empat plot. Setiap plot memiliki lima sub plot yang tersebar di empat eksosistem hutan untuk pemasangan pitfall trap. Teknik pengambilan sampel semut menggunakan pitfall trap di empat ekosistem. Empat ekosistem tersebut yaitu hutan sekunder, perkebunan kelapa sawit, kebun karet, dan hutan karet. Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 33 genus dari 6 subfamili. Selanjutnya dari 33 genus dikelompokkan berdasarkan peranannya. Berdasarkan peranannya terdapat 46% pencari makan , 36% predator, 3% semut tentara, 3% pemakan bangkai, dan 3% lainnya (semut pemanen/pemetik, omnivora, predator, dan pemakan bangkai). Camponotus sebagai genus dominan memiliki peranan pencari makan, dan Pheidole mempunyai peranan sebagai penghancur biji dan sebagian lainnya adalah omnivora. The Role of Ants in Lowland Tropical Rainforest TransformationAbstractDeforestation or changes functions from forest to non-forest play a role in changing ecosystems and the species within them. Insect as one of the fauna is an interesting aspect to study, especially ants. Aims of this study is to identify the roles of the genus of ants that found in the transformation ecosystem. This study was conducted in Bungku Village, Bajubang District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi. Method used in this study is to make a plot of observation by purposive sampling. Ant sampling techniques use pitfall traps in four ecosystems i.e.. secondary forest, oil palm plantation,rubber plantation, and jungle rubber. This study found 33 genera from 6 subfamilies. Furthermore, 33 genera are grouped based on their roles, i.e. (1) 46% foragers, (2) 36% for predators, (3) 3% for army ants, (4) 3% for scavengers, and (5) 3% for others (harvesting ants, omnivores, predators and scavengers too). Camponotus as the dominant genus has a role for foragers, and Pheidole has a role as a seed destroyer and the other part is omnivorous.

scholarly journals Mechanitis polymnia casabranca and Ithomia lichyi lichyi (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) damaging tree of Solanum granuloso-leprosum (Solanaceae)

CERNE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Wagner de Souza Tavares ◽  
Alexandre Igor de Azevedo Pereira ◽  
Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Mechanitis Polymnia ◽  
Species Being

The Zona da Mata region is located in southeastern Minas Gerais State, Brazil with fauna and flora diversified, including herbivorous insects and Solanaceae plants. Ithomiinae caterpillars were observed damaging tree of Solanum granuloso-leprosum Dunal (Solanaceae), used for different purposes and abundant in secondary forest. The objective of this study was to identify defoliating caterpillars of S. granuloso-leprosum at the campus of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil and review host plants of Mechanitis polymnia L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Thirteen caterpillars found damaging a tree of S. granuloso-leprosum at the campus of UFV were collected and maintained in the Laboratório de Controle Biológico de Insetos (LCBI) from UFV until adult emergence. These caterpillars were of two species, being ten of the first and three of the second species. Adult specimens of the latter species were identified as Ithomia lichyi lichyi D'Almeida, 1939 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Departamento de Zoologia of Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil and of the group of ten caterpillars as Mechanitis polymnia casabranca Haensch, 1905 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Museu de Zoologia of Universidade de São Paulo (USP) in São Paulo State, Brazil. This is the first report of M. polymnia casabranca and I. lichyi lichyi together damaging plant of S. granuloso-leprosum in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil and 57 plants are recorded as host of M. polymnia.

scholarly journals Day Biting Habits of Mosquitoes Associated with Mangrove Forests in Kedah, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku T. Ismail ◽  
Nur A. Kassim ◽  
Azimah A. Rahman ◽  
Khairun Yahya ◽  
Cameron Webb
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Activity Peak ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Potential Risks

Due to conservation and rehabilitation efforts, mangrove forests represent some of the largest environmental niches in Malaysia. However, there is little information on the potential risks posed by mosquitoes that are directly and indirectly associated with mangrove forests. To study the potential health risk to humans active within and in close vicinity of mangrove forests, this research focused on the day biting habits of mosquitoes in mangrove forests of Kedah, Malaysia. The bare leg catch (BLC) method was used to collect adult mosquitoes during a 12-h period from 7:30 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. in both disturbed and less disturbed areas of mangroves. In total, 795 adult mosquitoes from 5 genera and 8 species were collected, and over 65% of the total mosquitoes were collected from the less disturbed area. The predominant species from the less disturbed area was Verrallina butleri; in the disturbed area the dominant species was Culex sitiens. The peak biting hour differed for each species, with Aedes albopictus and Cx. sitiens recorded as having a bimodal biting activity peak during dawn and dusk. For Ve. butleri an erratic pattern of biting activity was recorded in the less disturbed area but it peaked during the early daytime for both collection points. Overall, the distinct pattern of day biting habits of mosquitoes within mangroves peaked during dawn and dusk for the less disturbed area but was irregular for the disturbed area throughout the day. The presence of vectors of pathogens such as Ae. albopictus for both areas raises the need for authorities to consider management of mosquitoes in mangrove forests.

scholarly journals The importance of early successional habitats to rare, restricted-range, and endangered birds in the Ecuadorian Andes

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Welford
Keyword(s):  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Pristine Forest

Since the mid-1980s, exhausted pastures in Ecuador have been increasingly abandoned, allowing forest regeneration. At approximately 2,200 m in the Tandayapa valley I surveyed four abandoned pastures to evaluate their use by birds. Each former pasture represented a different age of vegetation maturity. The number of bird species recorded in each successively older abandoned pasture increased but only half the number of species recorded in the undisturbed forest site was recorded in the most mature pasture. However, at least four restricted-range bird species were recorded in a single pasture. As pastures rapidly convert to secondary forest, more bird species and rarer bird species use them, even in highly disturbed areas where surrounding pristine forest constitutes less than 10% of local forest cover. Conservation efforts should then be directed toward them.

scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Phu Luong, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Dai Dac Nguyen ◽  
Lien Thi Phuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Anoplolepis Gracilipes ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
The Difference

Three different habitats: secondary forest, acacia plantation, and mixed forests on limestone, were chosen to determine and compare the ant species diversity in these habitats. A total of 24 identified species and 11 morphology species belonging to 20 genera in seven subfamilies were collected using pitfall traps from June 2014 to May 2015. The Shannon-Wiener’s species diversity index indicated that the diversity was the highest in the acacia plantation (2.08), followed by the secondary forest (1.99) and lowest in the mixed forests on limestone (1.83). There are three dominant species in the habitat (I), Pheidole noda, Odontomachus cf. monticola, and Odontoponera denticulate; four dominant species in the habitat (II), Odontoponera denticulata, Carebara diversa, Technomyrmex brunneus and Anoplolepis gracilipes; and only one dominant species in the habitat (III), Anoplolepis gracilipes. The species similarity (S) relatively low may be because of the difference vegetation and condition in the three habitats. Đa dạng loài kiến ​​trong ba môi trường sống khác nhau: rừng rậm thường xanh nhiệt đới, rừng keo và rừng hỗn giao trên núi đá vôi, được nghiên cứu để xác định và so sánh sự đa dạng các loài kiến ​​trong những môi trường sống. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: sử dụng bẫy hố từ tháng 6 năm 2014 đến tháng 5 năm 2015. Đã ghi nhận được 35 loài, thuộc 20 giống, 7 phân họ. Chỉ số đa dạng loài Shannon-Wiener cho thấy rừng keo có chỉ số đa dạng cao nhất (2,08), tiếp theo là rừng rậm thường xanh nhiệt đới (1,99) và cuối cùng là rừng hỗn giao trên núi đá vôi (1,83). Có 3 loài ưu thế ở sinh cảnh (I) là Pheidole noda, Odontomachus cf. monticola và Odontoponera denticulata, bốn loài ưu thế ở sinh cảnh (II) là Carebara diversa, Technomyrmex brunneus, Odontoponera denticulate và Anoplolepis gracilipes. Ở sinh cảnh (III) chỉ có duy nhất một loài chiếm ưu thế là loài Anoplolepis gracilipes. Chỉ số tương đồng (S) tương đối thấp có thể là do sự khác nhau ở các thảm thực vật và điều kiện sống trong ba sinh cảnh.

scholarly journals Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species diversity in secondary forest and three agricultural land uses of the Colombian Pacific Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-458
Author(s):  
Alexandra Narváez-Vásquez ◽  
Jackeline Gaviria ◽  
Erika Valentina Vergara-Navarro ◽  
Leonardo Rivera-Pedroza ◽  
Bernhard Löhr
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Peach Palm ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Ectatomma Ruidum ◽  
Study Sites

The study area pertains to the Chocó Biogeography, one of the most biodiverse areas in the world, where around 40,000 ha of rainforest has been cleared for oil palm plantations. We surveyed the ant species’ richness and diversity in four differently disturbed areas in Tumaco, Colombia, using pitfall traps and Winkler sacks. Study sites were two oil palm plantations of three- and seven- years’ existence, a peach palm plantation Bactris gasipaes of 20 years, and an area of secondary forest of 10 years. A total of 93 ant species or morphospecies, comprising 31 genera in 8 subfamilies were identified. The subfamily Myrmicinae had the highest number of species (57), followed by Ponerinae (10) and Formicinae (9). The hybrid palm oil plantations harbored 46 species (7 years) and 50 species (3 years), respectively, while the peach palm plantation was composed of 53 species, and the secondary forest had 62 species. Ectatomma ruidum was the most dominant species in the oil palm plots (≥ 80% of specimen), but significantly less in the peach palm and secondary forest. The most species-rich genera were Pheidole spp. (23) and Solenopsis spp. (13). No differences were observed in the ant species’ diversity between the secondary forest and peach palm, contrasting with the significant differences between the secondary forest and the two oil palm areas. A comparison with studies in natural areas suggests that the oil palm monocultures have dramatically reduced the species’ richness and that ten years of recovery does not bring back anything close to the original diversity.

scholarly journals V.—The Pendleton Earth-shake of November 25th, 1905

1906 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Davison
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
The South ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
West Side ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Disturbed Areas

Pendleton lies on the north-west side of Manchester and within the borough of Salford, and is traversed by the well-known Pendleton or Irwell Valley fault, a fault which has been traced for more than twenty miles from the neighbourhood of Bolton to that of Poynton in Cheshire. The fault is still slowly growing, for, on February 10th, 1889, a slip near Bolton gave rise to an earthquake of intensity 6, felt over an area of about 2,500 square miles. Small superficial movements may also be taking place close to Pendleton, though here probably aided by mining operations. Within the last seven years there have been local shakes on three occasions, namely, February 27th, 1899, April 7th, 1900, and November 25th, 1905. The materials for the study of the first two of these shakes are not quite sufficient to determine the boundaries of their disturbed areas with accuracy. The areas appear, however, to have been approximately circular in form and about four or five miles in diameter. In both cases the intensity of the shock was 4, or nearly 5. In 1899 the centre of the disturbed area was about half a mile north of Pendleton and a short distance on the north-east or downthrow side of the Pendleton fault; in 1900 it lay a mile or two farther to the south or south-south-east of the former centre.

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Urban Planning for Puyo (Ecuador): Amazon Forest Landscape as Potential Green Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4768
Author(s):  
Thony Huera-Lucero ◽  
Adela Salas-Ruiz ◽  
Daysi Changoluisa ◽  
Carlos Bravo-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Ecological Value

The peri-urban area of Puyo, where agricultural, urban and conservation logics are mixed, is a contested area in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Rapid urban growth and agricultural activities are the main threats to the conservation of its biodiversity. To promote the conservation of natural spaces in urban planning instruments, it is necessary to first demonstrate their environmental and ecological value. In this paper, such value was analyzed by quantifying biodiversity value and carbon storage capacity in situ. The results show that Puyo’s periphery (a 4 km radius) is an opportunity space, where the conservation of its biodiversity is a key factor in strategies to promote sustainable urban development. Firstly, there are natural areas of high environmental value (secondary forest, gramalote pastures with trees and gramalote pastures) that all together fix 1,664,683 Mg CO2 and control hydrological risks (with 80% of the green areas linked to flood areas)—valuable ecosystem services. Secondly, the conservation of biodiversity brings associated economic activities that can promote local sustainable development. Despite this, the results reveal that the conservation of peri-urban natural ecosystems is not a goal in Puyo’s urban planning strategy. Therefore, future research should be focused on urban planning tools that promote environmentally, economically and socially sustainable urban development.

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