Surface Properties, Efficacy and Biological Responses to Biomaterials

1987 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Lemons

AbstractBiological responses to synthetic materials used for the construction of surgical implants often determine device longevities. Over the past two decades, individuals from basic and applied disciplines have attempted to better understand the phenomena associated with biomaterial to tissue interfaces and to better control the surface and bulk properties of the synthetic substances for each area of device applications. Surface properties of metals, polymers, ceramics and composites are reviewed and where possible, correlated with tissue responses. Specific examples of solid and porous titanium and cobalt base alloys are presented to demonstrate the importance of surface and bulk properties with respect to biocompatibility.

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Yao Wu ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Tun Yuan ◽  
Chunlin Deng ◽  
Bangcheng Yang ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Tuğba Demir ◽  
Özlem Akpınar

Bioactive compounds, called phytochemicals, are produced as secondary metabolites in plants that have beneficial effects on health when they are consumed as nutrients. Phytochemicals have an effective role in the formation of the color, smell and taste of the plants. As an alternative to the synthetic materials used in the treatment of many chronic diseases, the interest in the use of plants phytochemicals have been increased. This trend has led to the development of a new market. This review includes biological activities of plant phytochemicals including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, anticancer and antihypertensive properties.


Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Ausenda ◽  
Giulio Rasperini ◽  
Raffaele Acunzo ◽  
Angelina Gorbunkova ◽  
Giorgio Pagni

Periodontitis is a disease with a high prevalence among adults. If not treated, it can lead to loss of teeth. Periodontal therapy aims at maintaining patient’s teeth through infection control and correction of non-maintainable anatomies including—when possible—regeneration of lost periodontal tissues. The biological regenerative potential of the periodontium is high, and several biomaterials can be utilized to improve the outcome of periodontal therapy. Use of different natural and synthetic materials in the periodontal field has been studied for many years. The main materials used today in periodontology analyzed in this review are: Resorbable and non-resorbable barrier membranes; autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, and alloplastic bone substitutes; biological agents, such as amelogenins; platelet-derived growth factor; bone morphogenic proteins; rh fibroblast growth factor 2; teriparatide hormone; platelet concentrates; and 3D scaffolds. With the development of new surgical techniques some concepts on periodontal regeneration that were strictly applied in the past seem to be not so critical today. This can have an impact on the materials that are needed when attempting to regenerate lost periodontal structures. This review aims at presenting a rationale behind the use of biomaterials in modern periodontal regeneration


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeandroStocco Baccarin ◽  
Renato Correa Viana Casarin ◽  
JorgeVicente Lopes-da-Silva ◽  
LuisAugusto Passeri

The aim of this study was to assess through biomechanical testing if different synthetic materials used to fabricate test specimens have a different biomechanical behavior in comparison with other materials when simulating in vitro load resistance of a fixation method established for sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). Thirty synthetic and standardized human hemimandible replicas with SSRO were divided into three groups of 10 samples each. Group A—ABS plastic; Group B—polyamide; and Group C—polyurethane. These were fixated with three bicortical position screws (16 mm in length, 2.0-mm system) in an inverted L pattern using perforation guide and 5-mm advancement. Each sample was submitted to linear vertical load, and load strength values were recorded at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mm of displacement. The means and standard deviation were compared using the analysis of variance ( p < 0.05) and the Tukey test. A tendency for lower values was observed in Group B in comparison with Groups A and C. At 3 and 5 mm of displacement, a difference between Groups A and C was found in comparison with Group B ( p < 0.05). At 7 and 10 mm of displacement, a difference was found among the three groups, in which Group C showed the highest values and Group B the lowest ( p < 0.05). Taking into consideration the results obtained and the behavior of each material used as a substrate, significant differences occurred among the materials when compared among them.


2009 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. BTRI.S3150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerachai Singhatanadgit

Implantable medical devices are increasingly important in the practice of modern medicine. However, patients with severely poor bone quality and quantity require highest implant osseointegration for the long-term success. A number of newly-developed advanced surface modifications of medical implants have recently been introduced to the medical implant system. Understanding the mechanisms by which osteogenic cells respond to such materials is therefore of major importance in developing the most effective materials to promote functional osseointegration. Diverse studies using materials with a wide range of new surface modification techniques have demonstrated the pivotal role of surface treatments in cell adhesion, proliferation and lineage specific differentiation. These events underlie the tissue responses required for bone healing following implant placement, with the interaction between adsorbed proteins on the implant surface and surrounding cells eliciting body responses to the treated implant surface. This review illustrates tissue responses to the implant material following implant placement and highlights cellular responses to new advanced implant surface modifications. Such information is of utmost importance to further develop several new advanced surface modifications to be used in the new era medical implantable devices.


Materialia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 100213
Author(s):  
Heike Bartsch ◽  
Ralf Peipmann ◽  
Marcel Himmerlich ◽  
Marion Frant ◽  
Holger Rothe ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Bianca Cristina Lengyel ◽  
Anghel Cernescu ◽  
Cristian Sorin Nes

Synthetic leather materials, that have single jersey in their structures, are widely used both for the seat covers of cars and in the case of seats for furniture used in everyday life. To develop constructive and ingenious solutions that increase the durability of these materials in time, it is necessary to know all the requests that these materials have fulfil. In this paper we proposed an analytic study of two synthetic leather materials in terms of resistance to burst of the knits underlying their composite structure.


2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eija Pirhonen ◽  
Antti Pärssinen ◽  
Mika Pelto

Background and Aim: Plaster-of-Paris and synthetic materials (e.g. fibreglass) have been in clinical use as casting materials for decades. An innovative casting material, WOODCAST, brings interesting alternatives to the traditional materials. The aim of this study was to compare the stiffness properties of the WOODCAST material to traditional casting materials. Technique: In immobilization by casting, materials with variable stiffness properties are required. Ring stiffness of cylindrical samples correlates well with cast rigidity. Discussion: For load-bearing structures, the use of the WOODCAST Splint is recommended as equally high stiffness was obtained with the WOODCAST Splint as was with fibreglass. The WOODCAST 2 mm product is optimal for structures where some elasticity is required, and WOODCAST Ribbon can be used in any WOODCAST structure where further reinforcement is needed. The results show that WOODCAST material can be used in replacing traditional casting materials used in extremity immobilization. Clinical relevance The mechanical properties of casting material play an important role in safe and effective fracture immobilization. Stiffness properties of the WOODCAST casting material and conventional materials – fibreglass and plaster-of-Paris – were analysed in this study. The WOODCAST Splint appears to compare favorably with traditional materials such as Scotchcast.


2003 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Dan V. Nicolau ◽  
Florin Fulga ◽  
Dan V. Nicolau

The interactions of large molecules with surfaces and with each other are strongly dependent upon their surface, rather than their bulk properties. In addition, the local properties of biomolecular surfaces are very important in their own right in biomedicine and other areas, for example for locating binding sites. Following to previous work, we have developed a program to compute to compute amino acid and atom-based surface descriptors, and used it to generate a small database of charge and hydrophobicity-related surface properties for a set of proteins. The program requires the user to input two text files: one assigning a real number to each atom of each amino acid, and one assigning a real number to each amino acid. Although we have so far only computed surface charge (atom-based) and surface hydrophobicity (amino acid-based), we note that this program could be used to compute any surface parameter whatsoever, since the user can assign arbitrary atom-by-atom and amino acid properties.We discuss possible applications of this program and describe one current application, the Biomolecular Adsorption Database.


2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Maria Eduarda Araújo ◽  
Oleksander Pavlyshyn ◽  
Alice Nogueira Alves

Many times, records of the materials used by contemporary artists in their first works are scarce. If the work under study has been carried out during the artist youth, sometimes artists just remember to have used synthetic materials but no longer have memory of its specific type. In the last decades of the 20th century, vinyl-based synthetic paints marketed as Sabu paints, were sold at affordable prices making them popular among the students of Fine Arts as substitutes of more expensive acrylic paints. Using the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic technique it was possible to unequivocally distinguish acrylic from vinyl paints in two early works from Manuel Vilarinho and Pedro Cabrita Reis, both belonging to the collection of the Faculdade de Belas-Artes da Universidade de Lisboa. Samples from the first case painting presented the characteristic peaks of acrylic paints while those collected from the second case paint presented the characteristic peaks of Sabu paints.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document