scholarly journals Analytical Review of Audiovisual Systems for Determining Personal Protective Equipment on a Person's Face

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1152
Author(s):  
Anastasia Dvoynikova ◽  
Maxim Markitantov ◽  
Elena Ryumina ◽  
Dmitry Ryumin ◽  
Alexey Karpov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Automatic Diagnosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Since 2019 all countries of the world have faced the rapid spread of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus infection, the fight against which continues to the present day by the world community. Despite the obvious effectiveness of personal respiratory protection equipment against coronavirus infection, many people neglect the use of protective face masks in public places. Therefore, to control and timely identify violators of public health regulations, it is necessary to apply modern information technologies that will detect protective masks on people's faces using video and audio information. The article presents an analytical review of existing and developing intelligent information technologies for bimodal analysis of the voice and facial characteristics of a masked person. There are many studies on the topic of detecting masks from video images, and a significant number of cases containing images of faces both in and without masks obtained by various methods can also be found in the public access. Research and development aimed at detecting personal respiratory protection equipment by the acoustic characteristics of human speech is still quite small, since this direction began to develop only during the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus infection. Existing systems allow to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection by recognizing the presence/absence of masks on the face, and these systems also help in remote diagnosis of COVID-19 by detecting the first symptoms of a viral infection by acoustic characteristics. However, to date, there is a number of unresolved problems in the field of automatic diagnosis of COVID-19 and the presence/absence of masks on people's faces. First of all, this is the low accuracy of detecting masks and coronavirus infection, which does not allow for performing automatic diagnosis without the presence of experts (medical personnel). Many systems are not able to operate in real time, which makes it impossible to control and monitor the wearing of protective masks in public places. Also, most of the existing systems cannot be built into a smartphone, so that users be able to diagnose the presence of coronavirus infection anywhere. Another major problem is the collection of data from patients infected with COVID-19, as many people do not agree to distribute confidential information.

scholarly journals About the Reasons for the Volunteer Activity of Medical University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Certain Psychological Aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Valerievich Sudakov ◽  
Oleg Valerievich Sudakov ◽  
Natalia Vladimirovna Iakusheva ◽  
Artiom Nikolaevich Shevtsov ◽  
Evgenii Vladimirovich Belov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Volunteer Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Second Wave

The article is devoted to the study of the reasons for volunteering among students of a medical university during the Covid-19 pandemic, with the definition of some of its psychological aspects. This topic is currently very relevant, since now a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection continues in the world. Given the widespread shortage of medical personnel, volunteer assistance is becoming an extremely important aspect in the comprehensive process of providing comprehensive care to covid patients. Medical students in their volunteering activities most often find their «place» either in hospitals or in call centers. The objects of a 2-stage study, conducted in May – June 2020 and in December – January 2021, were 150 medical students, divided by 50 people into 3 groups, depending on the course of students (1–2, 3–4, 5–6). The main reasons that prompted medical students to volunteer were studied, as well as their changes in dynamics, from the «first wave» to the «second wave» of Covid-19. It was found that most of the future doctors were eager to help people and participate in the general fight against the new coronavirus infection. The next part of the study was to determine, using the Spielberg method, the levels of anxiety among students during the «first and second» waves. A certain dynamics of various levels of anxiety was revealed, which may indicate a kind of psychological adaptation. This work is of certain interest, both for practicing psychologists and for teachers of higher education.

scholarly journals Time for changes: Global information trends and prospects

2016 ◽  
pp. 3-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakov Shrayberg
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Threatening Information ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Analytical Review

The journal version of the analytical review presented at the Second International Professional Forum “Crimea-2016”. Threatening ‘information explosion’ and ‘information collapse’, information addiction, information security, and other problems of information society are discussed. The author also explores the issue of the so called ‘information revolutions’, and analyzes the status of book publishing in Russia and the world. Five key trends that, in IFLA experts’ opinion, are to change the information environment are listed. Special attention is given to the information technologies used in libraries.

scholarly journals The ways to organize of distance learning in higher military educational institutions of Ukraine and the world during overcome of the coronavirus infection pandemic Covid-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
В.В. Калачова ◽  
Оваід Сальман Рашід ◽  
О.М. Місюра ◽  
В.Ф. Третяк ◽  
Л.В. Сафошкіна ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The One

The global informatization of modern society, development of telecommunication, communicular and information technologies - on the one hand and the powerful challenges to all humanity in the form of epidemics (coronavirus infection COVID-19, bird flu, various forms of pneumatic and hepatitis), natural and man-made disasters, military and political conflicts, wars - from the second, determine significant changes in priority forms of educational process, and distance learning (DL), in these conditions, becomes the only possible option for providing quality educational services with minimal financial expenses for its organization.

scholarly journals Analytical review of the global coronavirus infection pandemic in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
O.G. Shekera
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
The United States ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic is a global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The outbreak was first recorded in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the outbreak a health emergency of international significance, and on March 11, 2020 – a pandemic. In Ukraine, Covid-19 coronavirus infection (a new type of pneumonia) was first diagnosed on March 3, 2020, in Chernivtsi. On March 13, the first fatal outcome of Covid-19 was recorded. The purpose of the study was to analyze information sources for the last year. Materials and methods. The research used methods of semantic evaluation of scientific documents, as well as methods of structural and logical analysis. Results. The COVID-19, formerly a coronavirus infection 2019 nCoV is a potentially severe acute respiratory infection caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019 nCoV) and is a dangerous disease that can occur in the form of acute respiratory viral infection of mild and severe form. Studies suggest that the virus is the result of recombination of bat coronavirus with another, as yet unknown, coronavirus. At the same time, scientists from the United States concluded that SARS-CoV-2 has a genetic trace that is not observed in natural coronavirus. They said that it is founded evidence of artificial origin of the coronavirus. In 2021, the WHO changed the labeling of coronavirus strains, including four strains of concern and known to the public as options first discovered in Britain (Kent) (B.1.1.7), South Africa (B.1.351), Brazil (P.1) and India (B.1.617.2). From now on, the WHO recommends, labeling them using the letters of the Greek alphabet, ie - Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta, respectively. The most common symptoms of the Covid-19 coronavirus infection are fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, severe fatigue, muscle aches, sore throat, headache, loss or disturbance of taste and/or odor (characteristic symptom). Less common symptoms are diarrhea, conjunctivitis, skin rash, or discoloration of the fingers and toes. Symptoms that may occur with a severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection: difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, chest pain or chest pressure, impaired speech or motility. To diagnose COVID-19 coronavirus infection is possible only having carried out necessary testing methods, namely: PCR, determination of coronavirus RNA SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19); IgG antibodies, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19); IgM antibodies, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19); IgA antibodies, coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2); Rapid test, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, antigen, etc. There are two ways to acquire immunity: get sick or get vaccinated. There are more than 80 human vaccine studies in the world, although some are in the early stages of clinical trials. At the same time, companies whose vaccines are already in use around the world have begun to study updated versions of drugs that should be effective against new strains of the COVID-19 virus. Conclusions. Now, it is necessary to radically change the approach to combating the COVID-19 epidemic in 2021-2022. Priority should be given to early detection and containment of COVID-19 coronavirus infection outbreaks (testing, contact tracking, isolation) and a vigorous immunization campaign against ­COVID-19. Investigate the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the loss of human capital: lost services (forgone care), excessive mortality, additional burden of morbidity, in particular for chronic diseases. Direct resources to renew programs to increase the availability of health services. The increase in system load through the COVID-19 vaccination program should be considered.

scholarly journals Modern Russian and Foreign Methods of Healthcare Personnel Protection from New Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) Risks: Analytical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5S) ◽  
pp. 386-394
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Vosheva ◽  
Natalya N. Kamynina ◽  
Dmitriy V. V. Voshev ◽  
Yuriy A. Klimov
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
World Health ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction. On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization announced the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak and medical workers appeared on the frontline in combating the new threat. Daily interactions with infected patients, extended working hours and psychological overload: all this makes healthcare professionals extremely vulnerable to a new danger. Therefore, the actual priority is to prevent the nosocomial spread of the disease and the protection of medical personnel. Aim exploration and generalization of Russian and international experience of COVID-19 pandemic combating in terms of creating the most efficient system of health workers protection against the infection, caused by a new virus SARS-CoV-2. Methods and materials. The systematic reviews and meta-analyzes reporting method (PRISMA) were used in the review. The search was carried out in the bibliographic databases Elibrary, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar. Moreover, Russian and foreign methodological documents from the official websites of organizations were analyzed. Results. Examination of epidemiologically safe space organizing models in different countries showed that the majority of the existing in the world community approaches to protect medical personnel from contracting a new coronavirus infection are based on five basic strategies of infection prevention and control to prevent or limit the transmission of COVID-19 proposed by the World Health Organization. The article proposes a sixth strategy in addition to the above: psychological support for health workers. Conclusion. Effective use of the listed complex of six protective measures can minimize the risk of medical workers infection with coronavirus.

Sonic Movements – Spatial Reflexivity

Somatechnics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Johanna Hällsten
Keyword(s):  
Alarm System ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
The World ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
Sonic Environment ◽  
Sonic Structures

This article aims to investigate the creation of space and sound in artistic and architectural fields, with particular emphasis on the notions of interval and duration in the production and experience of soundscapes. The discussion arises out of an ongoing research project concerning sonic structures in public places, in which Japanese uguisubari ([Formula: see text]) – ‘nightingale flooring’, an alarm system from the Edo period) plays a key role in developing new kinds of site-specific and location-responsive sonic architectural structures for urban and rural environments. This paper takes uguisubari as its frame for investigating and evaluating how sounds create a space (however temporary), and how that sound in turn is created through movement. It thus seeks to unpick aspects of the reciprocal and performative act in which participant and the space engage through movement, whilst creating a sonic environment that permeates, defines and composes the boundaries of this space. The article will develop a framework for these kinds of works through a discussion on walking, movement, soundscape and somatechnical aspects of our experience of the world, drawing upon the work of Merleau-Ponty, Bergson and the Japanese concept of Ma (space-time).

Mechanisms of liver damage in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. V. Orlova ◽  
T. G. Suranova ◽  
T. I. Bonkalo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in China, causing the coronavirus infection COVID-19. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major challenge to health systems around the world. There is still little information on how infection affects liver function and the significance of pre-existing liver disease as a risk factor for infection and severe COVID-19. In addition, some drugs used to treat the new coronavirus infection are hepatotoxic. In this article, we analyze data on the impact of COVID-19 on liver function, as well as on the course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma, or those on immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation.

Engineering knowledge: philosophy and ponstructive meanig

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
V. I. Onoprienko
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Practical Rationality ◽  
Engineering Knowledge ◽  
World Today ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Area

An expansion of information technologies in the world today is caused by progress of instrumental knowledge. It has been arisen a special technological area of knowledge engineering, which is related to practical rationality and experts’ knowledge for solving urgent problems of science and practice.

ADDRESSING THE ISSUE OF СOVID-19, SARS-COV-2 VIRUS AND THE DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
A.A. Korenkova ◽  
◽  
E.M. Mayorova ◽  
V.V. Bahmetjev ◽  
M.V. Tretyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Optimal Therapy ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The new coronavirus infection has posed a major public health challenge around the world, but new data on the disease raises more questions than answers. The lack of optimal therapy is a significant problem. The article examines the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pathogenesis of COVID-19, special attention is paid to features of pathological processes and immune responses in children. COVID-19 leads to a wide diversity of negative outcomes, many of which can persist for at least months. Many of the consequences have yet to be identified. SARS-CoV-2 may provoke autoimmune reactions. Reinfection, herd immunity, vaccines and other prevention measures are also discussed in this review.

Association and treatment of diabetes in patients affected by Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201
Author(s):  
Syed Yasir Afaque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Composite Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

In December 2019, a unique coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in the province of Wuhan in China. Since then, it spread rapidly all over the world and has been responsible for a large number of morbidity and mortality among humans. According to a latest study, Diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, Hypertension etc. are being considered important risk factors for the development of this infection and is also associated with unfavorable outcomes in these patients. There is little evidence concerning the trail back of these patients possibly because of a small number of participants and people who experienced primary composite outcomes (such as admission in the ICU, usage of machine-driven ventilation or even fatality of these patients). Until now, there are no academic findings that have proven independent prognostic value of diabetes on death in the novel Coronavirus patients. However, there are several conjectures linking Diabetes with the impact as well as progression of COVID-19 in these patients. The aim of this review is to acknowledge about the association amongst Diabetes and the novel Coronavirus and the result of the infection in such patients.

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