scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of three wild wood-decaying fungi in southern Vietnam toward Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacterium in aquaculture wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-712
Author(s):  
Ngo Nguyen Vu ◽  
Pham Van Kim Ngoc ◽  
Pham Thi Hoa

This research demonstrated antibacterial activity of wood-decaying fungi to treat the aquaculture pathogenic bacterium, Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus). Three wild wood-decaying fungi (WDF) collected in Southern Vietnam including Flavodon flavus (F. flavus), Physisporinus vitreis (P. vitreis), and Schizophyllum commune (S. commune) were tested to treat V. parahaemolyticus presented in aquaculture wastewater. Fungal adaptation to different salt concentrations at 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30‰ was tested for the assessment of application potential of these fungi in the aquaculture farming. Fungal mycelium could adapt differently to saline conditions. All three strains grew well at low salt concentration (0-10‰), but only F. flavus survived up to 20‰ NaCl. For the antibacterial ability toward V. parahaemolyticus, two experiments using mycelium culture broth and mycofiltration were performed. Results revealed that all the three species of WDF effectively inhibited V. parahaemolyticus. Thus, mycelium culture broth of P. vitreis, S. commune, and F. flavus could inhibit 98.7, 96.5 and 97.8% V. parahaemolyticus, respectively after 8 hours. Even higher inhibitory effects were observed in the mycofiltration experiment, the efficiency reached 100% for P. vitreis, and 98% for F. flavus and S. commune after 8 hours. The obtained results showed very good application potential of myco-remediation technique using WDF in the treatment of V. parahaemolyticus in aquaculture farming. Mycofilter can be used as a new approach for controlling aquaculture disease, specifically Vibrio sp. treatment based on the antibiotic capability of these WDF. The reduction in pH of the mycelium broth can illustrated for the acidification during the mycelium development and could link with the bactericide capacity of these WDF.

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (06) ◽  
pp. 1223-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Lun Lu ◽  
Jeng-Pang Wang ◽  
Shiu-Nan Chen

Schizophyllum commune is a widely distributed mushroom used as an herbal medicine and an ingredient in healthy food. In this study, a protease from a fermented culture broth of S. commune demonstrated strong fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities. This fibrinolytic protease showed a suppression effect in blood coagulation in co-incubation with rat citrated blood through thromboelastographic analysis. The protease suppressed aggregation of fibrin (ogen), but not the platelets, in clotting formation and significantly decreased the clot strength. We also found very little potency in this protease to activate plasminogen, thus it exhibits the potential for an ideal fibrinolytic candidate for therapeutic applications in the future.


Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Mgbeahuruike ◽  
Pia Fyhrquist ◽  
Heikki Vuorela ◽  
Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto ◽  
Yvonne Holm

Piper guineense is a food and medicinal plant commonly used to treat infectious diseases in West-African traditional medicine. In a bid to identify new antibacterial compounds due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics, twelve extracts of P. guineense fruits and leaves, obtained by sequential extraction, as well as the piperine and piperlongumine commercial compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. HPLC-DAD and UHPLC/Q-TOF MS analysis were conducted to characterize and identify the compounds present in the extracts with promising antibacterial activity. The extracts, with the exception of the hot water decoctions and macerations, contained piperamide alkaloids as their main constituents. Piperine, dihydropiperine, piperylin, dihydropiperylin or piperlonguminine, dihydropiperlonguminine, wisanine, dihydrowisanine and derivatives of piperine and piperidine were identified in a hexane extract of the leaf. In addition, some new piperamide alkaloids were identified, such as a piperine and a piperidine alkaloid derivative and two unknown piperamide alkaloids. To the best of our knowledge, there are no piperamides reported in the literature with similar UVλ absorption maxima and masses. A piperamide alkaloid-rich hexane leaf extract recorded the lowest MIC of 19 µg/mL against Sarcina sp. and gave promising growth inhibitory effects against S. aureus and E. aerogenes as well, inhibiting the growth of both bacteria with a MIC of 78 µg/mL. Moreover, this is the first report of the antibacterial activity of P. guineense extracts against Sarcina sp. and E. aerogenes. Marked growth inhibition was also obtained for chloroform extracts of the leaves and fruits against P. aeruginosa with a MIC value of 78 µg/mL. Piperine and piperlongumine were active against E. aerogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enterica, P. mirabilis and B. cereus with MIC values ranging from 39–1250 µg/mL. Notably, the water extracts, which were almost devoid of piperamide alkaloids, were not active against the bacterial strains. Our results demonstrate that P. guineense contains antibacterial alkaloids that could be relevant for the discovery of new natural antibiotics.


Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 3003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoung Rak Lee ◽  
Dahae Lee ◽  
Jae Sik Yu ◽  
René Benndorf ◽  
Sullim Lee ◽  
...  

In recent years, investigations into the biochemistry of insect-associated bacteria have increased. When combined with analytical dereplication processes, these studies provide a powerful strategy to identify structurally and/or biologically novel compounds. Non-ribosomally synthesized cyclic peptides have a broad bioactivity spectrum with high medicinal potential. Here, we report the discovery of three new cyclic tripeptides: natalenamides A–C (compounds 1–3). These compounds were identified from the culture broth of the fungus-growing termite-associated Actinomadura sp. RB99 using a liquid chromatography (LC)/ultraviolet (UV)/mass spectrometry (MS)-based dereplication method. Chemical structures of the new compounds (1–3) were established by analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional (1H and 13C) and two-dimensional (1H-1H-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), together with high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS) data. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated using Marfey’s analysis. Through several bioactivity tests for the tripeptides, we found that compound 3 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-induced melanin production. The effect of compound 3 was similar to that of kojic acid, a compound extensively used as a cosmetic material with a skin-whitening effect.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
On-Anong SOMSAP

Antibiotic resistance bacteria has become an increasing problem now today due to many factors. This study investigates the efficacy of Prismatomeris tetrandra K. Schum root extract as a new source of antibacterial activity for antibiotic resistant bacteria using agar well diffusion method. The results showed that S. aureus TISTR517 exhibited more sensitivity to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract than other Gram-positive bacteria indicator strains. On the other hand, Gram-negative bacteria exhibited resistance to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract. The study further showed the activity between P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract and gentamycin (10 µg), it revealed that MRSA142 was resistant to gentamycin (10µg) but sensitive to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was evaluated by using S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142 as indicator strains. The MIC value was 0.59 mg/mL and 1.17 mg/mL for S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142, respectively. MBC assay demonstrated that the MBC value was 9.75 mg/mL and 150 mg/mL for S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142 respectively. The mode of action was investigated with the presence of P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract in the culture broth. The action of P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract was revealed of bacteriostatic activity due to the Optical density (OD) at 600 nm and Colony-Forming Units (CFU) of indicator strains were continuously decreased.


2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rasyid ◽  
Kyoko Adachi

The bioactive substance producing strain, a marine bacterium A5S-46 was found in the antibacterial screening. This strain was isolated from the artificial sponge set in the coastal seawater at Iriomote islands (Japan). The crude extract from culture broth of the strain A5S-46 was assayed to the antibacterial activity test against the seven kinds of bacterial test strains. The active substance accumulated in the both bacterial cells and culture supernatant. Based on the 1H NMR and the LC/PDA/MS data, the bioactive substance was identified to be actinomycin D.   Keywords: Marine bacteria, Actinomycin D, Antibacterial, Anticancer


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Kozhevnikova ◽  
A.V. Shnyreva ◽  
A.V. Barkov ◽  
Yu.A. Topolyuk ◽  
I.N. Grishina ◽  
...  

Guar gum is a polymer that is widely used as a gelling agent for technological liquids in the petroleum industry. In this paper, we have studied the potential for the environmentally friendly biodegradation of guar gum by enzymes of basidiomycetes for efficient disposal of oil industry wastes. For the first time, we compared the enzymatic activity towards guar gum of seven basidiomycete strains, namely Trametes hirsuta MT-24.24, Lactarius necator, Trametes hirsuta MT-17.24, Schizophyllum commune MT-33.01, Fomes fomentarius MT-4.05, Fomitopsis pinicola MT-5.21, and Trametes versicolor It-1. This comparison showed that the preparation based on Fomitopsis pinicola MT-5.21 fungal mycelium at a concentration of 0.05% provides the most efficient decomposition of a frac fluid containing guar gum. By varying the enzyme concentration in this fluid it is possible to control the decrease in its viscosity over time. The developed enzyme preparation is an efficient and environmentally friendly guar gum biodegradant and can be used to process waste fracturing fluids based on polysaccharides in order to reuse water resources. Key words: biodegradants, basidiomycetes, guar gum, enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme destructors, fracturing fluids. Funding - The work was financially supported by the National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University" (Internal grant no. 120720 "Development of New Biotechnological Methods and Materials for Environmental Protection and Biomedicine").


2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shafaghat ◽  
Hajar Sadeghi ◽  
Khodamali Oji

The water distilled essential oils from leaves, stems and roots of Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Bernh. were analyzed by GC and GC/MS methods. The leaf oil was characterized by a high amount of camphor (56.4%), whereas in the stem oil, camphor (26.0%), trans-β-ocimene (23.6%) and germacrene-d (15.0%) were the major constituents. The main components of the root oil were α-pinene (50.0%), trans-β-farnesene (13.8%) and bicyclogermacrene (11.0%). Antibacterial activity of the leaf, stem and root oil were evaluated using the microdilution broth method. The oils showed inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, but were not active against Staphylococcus aureus.


2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (19) ◽  
pp. 15610-15617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Sukhdeorao Dongre ◽  
Jyostna S. Meshram ◽  
Rupali Sudhakarrao Selokar ◽  
Faisal A. Almalki ◽  
Taibi Ben Hadda

A pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine series has exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of bacterial strains.


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