scholarly journals Philosophical Understanding of the Dialogue of Cultures in the Concepts of M.M. Bakhtin and V.S. Bibler

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Anastasia Volkova

Dialogue as a complex creative interaction and mutual influence of various cultural and value consciousnesses is now considered as the basis of cultural existence, and the dialogue of cultures has become a key concept of modern philosophy. Dialogue in a philosophical context is an informative and existential communicative interaction between different parties, the purpose of which is to achieve understanding. The basis of Dialogic philosophy, first of all, is the recognition that the individual is formed and realized in communication. In order to become a subject of history and a subject of knowledge, he must enter into a dialogue with himself, another individual, God, nature. At present, the subjects of the dialogue are not only different individuals, but also entire ethnic groups, cultures, and civilizations, thereby expanding the functioning of the dialogue to a means of developing intercultural, interethnic and intercivilizational relations and emphasizing the commonality of the world historical process and the cultural heritage of mankind. The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of two theories of the dialogue of cultures: M.M. Bakhtin and his follower V.S. Bibler. By developing and deepening each other's ideas, they enter into a non-spatial and timeless dialogue and create a unified teaching about the ongoing interaction and continuity of cultures and intercultural communication. The General idea of the dialogue unites the philosophical concepts of Bakhtin and Bibler, but The latter, based on the theory of Bakhtin and expanding its ideas, created his own original concept of solving the most important problems of philosophical thought. Thinkers reflected the most important historical and philosophical phenomenon – the possibility of intercultural dialogue as a consequence of self-knowledge and the ability to relate themselves to Other.

Author(s):  
Aygul D. Zhakupova ◽  

The report will present the "Motivational and comparative dictionary of the names of plants and birds", which explicates the metalinguistic awareness as verbalized responds of the informants. The dictionary allows identifying the features of the national linguistic view of the world and plays a special role in solving relevant issues of intercultural communication.


2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Dolson

AbstractThe focus is on the intersubjective, narrative and dialogic aspects of the clinical phenomenon of insight in psychosis. By introducing a socio-dialogic model for the clinical production of insight, it can be learned how insight, as a form of self-knowledge (of a morbid alteration in one's relation to the world/others), is a product of the clinical interview, namely the dialogic relation between patient and clinical interviewer. Drawing upon the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, expressly his notion of the ethical encounter, the production of insight in the clinical interview is elucidated as both a synchronic and diachronic phenomenon—a provisional form of self-knowledge based on historically-produced frames of meaning which are recalled and narrated, i.e., produced at a specific moment in time. The production of insight, based on auto-biographical memory, is ultimately a processual and transactional phenomenon which arises out of the narrative construction of experience and the dialogic negotiation of the individual's "authored" experience. This process may be understood as a synergistic dynamic between intersubjective micro-processes (dialogue) and symbolic macro-processes (such as "culture"), which may, when crystallized at the individual level, precipitate a subjectively insightful account of the prodromal illness experience.


2017 ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Karen Geisel Domingues ◽  
Ines Maria Zanforlin Pires de Almeida

Apresentamos, neste trabalho, o olhar da complexidade sobre o fenômeno humano que ira abarcar os sistemas que envolvem a vida. Nesse paradigma pós-moderno, a fronteira entre mundo externo e interno tende a diluir-se, assim como natureza e cultura a interpenetrarem-se e o Eu e o Outro se aprontam para servir de mútuo espelho de conhecimento e testemunho. A partir dessa visão de conjunção e reconhecimento entre mundos por meio da ciência, da mística e do autoconhecimento, alimenta-se o processo de construção do conhecimento científico e da constituição da humanidade. Ao observarmos o exercício de pesquisa e do trabalho docente, percebemos como ocorre o desenvolvimento de saberes que vem engendrar o ser individual, o ser coletivo, assim como a própria criação do mundo.Palavras-chave: Paradigma da complexidade. Ciência. Consciência de si.Man founds itself and looks at everything he sees: the frondescence of self-conscious knowledge in the paradigm of complexityAbstractThis article presents the view of complexity upon the human phenomenon encompassing systems involving life. In the postmodern paradigm, the frontier between outside and inner world are solving, so as the lines between nature and culture seems to be interpenetrating each other. As well as I and the Other stand ready to serve as mutual mirror for knowledge and witness of life. From this point of conjunction and recognition among worlds considering science, mystic view and self-knowledge the process of construction is fed by scientiHc learnings and the humanity constitution itself. As the exercise of scientiHc research and the teaching work are observed, it is possible to perceive the development of knowledge that comes to engender the individual being, the collective being as well as the creation of the world itself.Keywords: Complexity paradigm. Science. Self-consciousness.El hombre se reencuentra y se mira en todo lo que ve: la frondescencia del saber autoconsciente en el paradigma de la complejidadResumenPresentamos en este trabajo la mirada de la complejidad sobre el fenómeno que ira abarcar los sistemas que involucran la vida. En este paradigma posmoderno la frontera entre mundo externo e interno tienden a una dilución, así como la naturaleza y cultura que se mesclan, como tambien el Yo y el Otro se preparan para que sirvieran de mutuo espejo de conocimiento y testimonio. A partir de esa mirada de conjunción y reconocimiento entre mundos por medio de la ciencia, de la mística, y del autoconocimiento, se alimenta el proceso de construcción del conocimiento cientíHco y constitución de la humanidad. Al senalarnos el ejercicio de investigación y trabajo del cuerpo docente nos dimos cuenta como ocurre el desarrollo de los conocimientos que vienen a engendrar el ser individual, el ser colectivo, así como la propia creación del mundo. Palabras clave: Paradigma de la complejidad. Ciencia. Autoconciencia.


2020 ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Yefymenko Tetiana ◽  
Yana Prosiannikova

The development of open information and communication space creates conditions for the spread of bilingualism as a leading trend in the language development of modern society. However, the disadvantage of this situation is the interference, which involuntarily occurs if you speak two or more languages. The problem of detecting indications of interference becomes especially relevant, which is explained by many reasons, among them vague language and translation training of the translator, which is what causes the indications of harmful interference in intercultural communication and translation. Clarifying the indications of interference as a communicative barrier due to the convergence of linguistic and cultural codes of the contacting languages ​​will ensure a successful process of intercultural communication and translation. It will promote the development of relevant, significant professional translation activities in translators. When learning a language, try to find similarities or differences in language structures to better explain errors in differences or master the material by comparing the similarities of language structures. In intercultural communication and translation, the main aim is to convey information to the reader or listener in the most natural way possible, using all known stylistic, grammatical, lexical, and grammatical means. This research was conducted based on the methods of observation, comparison, analysis, functional and descriptive methods. In order to solve this problem, the achievements of linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, psycholinguistics, methods of teaching foreign languages were analyzed, as the study of the phenomenon of interference is based on them. The result is the formation of a linguistic personality, in particular, the bilingual personality of the translator in a dialogue that has the ability and skills to use the language in all its manifestations in different situations of intercultural communication; the ability to understand and assimilate someone else's way of life and behavior in order to break ingrained stereotypes; skills to expand the individual picture of the world by involving in the "language picture of the world" speakers of the studied language.Some prospects for further explorations in the development of a direct model of the bilingual personality of a translator in the context of intercultural dialogue and methods of linguistic and cultural formation competencies of translators in the aspect of mastering linguistic and cultural knowledge, skills and abilities in the studied areas of communication.


Philosophy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Sunday Grève

AbstractWhat is philosophy? How is it possible? This essay constitutes an attempt to contribute to a better understanding of what might be a good answer to either of these questions by reflecting on one particular characteristic of philosophy, specifically as it presents itself in the philosophical practice of Socrates, Plato and Wittgenstein. Throughout this essay, I conduct the systematic discussion of my topic in parallel lines with the historico-methodological comparison of my three main authors. First, I describe a certain neglected aspect of the Socratic method. Then, exploring the flipside of this aspect, I show that despite the fact that both Socrates and Wittgenstein understand their philosophical approaches as being essentially directed at the particular problems and modes of understanding that are unique to single individuals, they nevertheless aspire to philosophical understanding of the more ‘mundane’ kind that is directed at the world. Finally, interpreting parts of Plato's dialogues Phaedrus and Laches, I further develop my case for seeing the role of mutual understanding in philosophy as fundamentally twofold, being directed both at the individual and what they say (the word), and at things that are ‘external’ to this human relation at any particular moment of philosophical understanding (the world).


2020 ◽  
pp. 259-269
Author(s):  
Eryk Pieszak

In the article, through a comparative analysis of the discourse related to the description of economic free market processes and discourses related to cultural processes, we are looking for a research perspective that allows to examine the mutual influence of these cultural processes. If we analyze the descriptions of socio-economic changes in countries such as Poland or the Baltic countries, it turns out that their path to increase economic competitiveness is similar. It is associated with market changes but also a cultural change in a broader context. Thus, one can hypothesize: the individual is free in the world of thought, however, in the world of phenomena, freedom does not exist. This hypothesis developed for societies that introduced a free market would be: the individual in the consumer society is free in the world of his thoughts but in the world of market phenomena he is subject to independent processes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-299
Author(s):  
Oana-Antonia Ilie

AbstractIn the recent decades, we have witnessed a change of paradigm, from the national to the European paradigm, one that is not centered on the national culture but on the values of the united Europe. The symbols, values and traditions of EU increase its visibility and contribute to a unifying European identity. However, this identity is not a single entity but a composite of multiple, integrated elements, that are subject to continuous change. For citizens from different countries to assimilate and identify with the European creed, continuous transformations and adjustments are taking place, process in which some elements are enhanced, while others suffer transformations. The third millennium was often described by experts as the era of intercultural communication as intercultural dialogue is the territory in which cultural identity is constantly redefined and negotiated. Now that mass media has pushed further the frontiers of knowledge and that our world has become, as predicted by Marshall McLuhan, a “global village”, the issue that we are confronted with in times of crises is whether the world is really a true village, connected by such principles as solidarity, peace, harmony, love, or rather a jungle where only the fittest and strongest cultures will survive?


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yefymenko Tetiana ◽  
Yana Prosiannikova

The development of open information and communication space creates conditions for the spread of bilingualism as a leading trend in the language development of modern society. However, the disadvantage of this situation is the interference, which involuntarily occurs if you speak two or more languages. The problem of detecting indications of interference becomes especially relevant, which is explained by many reasons, among them vague language and translation training of the translator, which is what causes the indications of harmful interference in intercultural communication and translation. Clarifying the indications of interference as a communicative barrier due to the convergence of linguistic and cultural codes of the contacting languages will ensure a successful process of intercultural communication and translation. It will promote the development of relevant, significant professional translation activities in translators. When learning a language, try to find similarities or differences in language structures to better explain errors in differences or master the material by comparing the similarities of language structures. In intercultural communication and translation, the main aim is to convey information to the reader or listener in the most natural way possible, using all known stylistic, grammatical, lexical, and grammatical means. This research was conducted based on the methods of observation, comparison, analysis, functional and descriptive methods. In order to solve this problem, the achievements of linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, psycholinguistics, methods of teaching foreign languages were analyzed, as the study of the phenomenon of interference is based on them. The result is the formation of a linguistic personality, in particular, the bilingual personality of the translator in a dialogue that has the ability and skills to use the language in all its manifestations in different situations of intercultural communication; the ability to understand and assimilate someone else's way of life and behavior in order to break ingrained stereotypes; skills to expand the individual picture of the world by involving in the "language picture of the world" speakers of the studied language.Some prospects for further explorations in the development of a direct model of the bilingual personality of a translator in the context of intercultural dialogue and methods of linguistic and cultural formation competencies of translators in the aspect of mastering linguistic and cultural knowledge, skills and abilities in the studied areas of communication.


Author(s):  
Elena L. Chertkova ◽  

The article deals with the original concept of subjectivity, which is developed by the famous German researcher Dieter Henrich and is based on the traditions of German classical philosophy. The peculiarities of this concept are comprehended in the context of modern studies of consciousness and subjectivity and its ideo­logical potential for understanding and for criticizing analytical and phenomeno­logical concepts of consciousness, as well as naturalism in its various modifica­tions, is revealed. D. Henrich offers an alternative to the naturalistic way of studying subjectivity through methods and means of philosophical, speculative thinking itself, which he understands as “categorically disciplined striving be­yond the boundaries of the obvious and convincingly provable”. In fact, he brings us back to metaphysics. The author emphasizes that Henrich seeks to consider subjectivity consistently and comprehensively, from the first person point of view, precisely as the identity of subjectivity. Such ideological perspective specifically clarifies the problems of self-awareness, sociality, moral conscious­ness, the meaning of life and freedom, arising from a person’s self-knowledge and from thoughts perceiving way of thinking. All that, according to Henrich, forms the process of self-understanding of conscious life. The most valuable to the author is Henrich’s understanding of subjectivity as an integral phenomenon and of substantiation of a person’s importance as a subject that creates by his endless efforts the forms of culture and life. In this context, the concept of “the reality of freedom” which was proposed by Henrich and which is realized in the process of overcoming the reappearing dilemma of freedom and the deter­minism of the course of events in the world, looks very promising.


Author(s):  
А.В. Кучерявых

Аннотация: Целью данного исследования является анализ эффективного межкультурного общения при создании правильной модели проксематического кода. На современном этапе сосуществования культур невозможно избежать диалога между ними. Так и развивается культурный плюрализм, который способствует адаптации человека к чужой культуре без отказа от своей собственной, что в свою очередь подразумевает развитие культурного плюрализма, представляющего собой адаптацию человека к чужой культуре без отказа от своей собственной. Хорошее владение языком не всегда бывает достаточным в межкультурной коммуникации. Неверная трактовка жестов и пространственной организации коммуникативного поведения иностранных лиц, может привести к «конфликту культур». Он возникает тогда, когда человек не понимает и не принимает иные взгляды, традиции. В итоге может возникнуть недопонимание, либо полное отсутствие понимания в общении между представителями разных культур. Поэтому очень важно понимать язык невербального общения. Не- вербальное речевое взаимодействие – это несловесные сигналы, которые могут включать широкий спектр элементов невербальной семиотики. В данной статье, мы рассматриваем проксемику, т.е. пространственное взаимодействие, как центральную область невербальной системы. Проксемика – это наука о пространственной коммуникации, знание о том, как человек воспринимает и использует пространство в коммуникативном взаимодействии. А именно дистанция между собеседниками, организация пространства при беседе. В пространственной области находится каждый человек в зависимости от культурной базы личности и от социальной среды её развития. Аннотация: Бул изилдөөнүн максаты - туура проксематикалык код моделин түзүүдө эффективдүү маданияттар аралык байланышты талдоо. Азыркы этапта, маданияттардын биргелешип жашашы, алардын ортосундагы диалогду болтурбай коюу мүмкүн эмес. Ошентип, өз кезегинде, маданий плюрализм өнүгүп, адамга өз маданиятын таштабастан, чет элдик маданиятка ылайыкташууга жардам берет, алар тарабынан, бул өз кезегинде, маданий плюрализмдин өнүгүшүн, башкача айтканда, адамдын өз маданиятын чет өлкөлүк маданиятка ылайыкташтырууну билдирет. Тилдерди жакшы билүү маданияттар аралык баарлашууда дайыма эле жетиштүү боло бербейт. Жаңсоолорду туура эмес чечмелөө жана чет өлкөлүк адамдардын коммуникациялык жүрүм-турумун мейкиндиктеги уюштуруу "маданияттардын кагылышуусуна" алып келиши мүмкүн. Бул адам түшүнбөгөн жана башка көз караштарды, каада-салттарды кабыл албаганда пайда болот. Натыйжада,ар кандай маданияттын өкүлдөрүнүн ортосунда түшүнбөстүк же түшүнбөстүк болушу мүмкүн. Ошондуктан, оозеки эмес байланыштын тилин түшүнүү өтө маанилүү. Вербалдык эмес сүйлөө аракети - бул оозеки эмес семиотиканын кеңири чөйрөсүн камтыган вербалдык эмес сигналдар. Бул макалада биз проксемиканы, б.а. мейкиндиксиз өз ара аракеттенүү бейвербалдык системанын борбордук аймагы. Прокемика - мейкиндиктик байланыш илим, адамдын мейкиндикти коммуникативдик өз ара аракеттенүүдө кандайча кабыл алып, колдоно тургандыгы. Тагыраак айтканда, маектешүүлөрдүн ортосундагы аралык, сүйлөшүү учурунда мейкиндикти уюштуруу. Мейкиндик мейкиндигинде ар бир адам инсандын маданий базасына жана анын өнүгүшүнүн социалдык чөйрөсүнө жараша жайгашкан. Summary: The purpose of this study is to analyze effective intercultural communication while creating the correct model of proxematic code. At the present stage, the coexistence of cultures cannot avoid dialogue between them. Thus, in turn, cultural pluralism is developing, which contributes to the adaptation of a person to another 's culture without giving up his own. Good language proficiency is not always sufficient in intercultural communication. Incorrect interpretation of gestures and spatial organization of communication behavior of foreign people can lead to "conflict of cultures." It arises when a person does not understand or accept other views, traditions. As a result, there may be misunderstanding, or a complete lack of understanding in communication between different cultures. Therefore, it is very important to understand the language of non-verbal communication. Non-verbal speech interaction are non-word signals that can include a wide range of elements of non-verbal semiotics. In this article, we consider proxemics, i.e. spatial interaction as the central area of the nonverbal system. Proxemics is the science of spatial communication, knowledge of how a person perceives and uses space in communicative interaction. Such as, the distance between the interlocutors, the organization of space during the conversation. In the spatial domain there is every person depending on the cultural base of the individual and on the social environment of its development.


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