scholarly journals THE NUMBER OF LIFE YEARS LOST (DALYS) DUE TO PREMATURE MORTALITY IN THE POPULATION OF TOMSK REGION IN 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Kobyakova ◽  
I. A. Deev ◽  
N. Ya. Nesvetailo ◽  
V. A. Boikov ◽  
I. P. Shibalkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Life Years Lost

Aim: to calculate the index of years of life lost population due to premature death in the Tomsk region in 2012, and the contribution of various groups of diseases in the total indicator DALY among males and females.  Materials and methods: in the calculation of DALY used the number and the gender and age structure of the population of Tomsk region by 01.01.2012, according to Rosstat. To conduct the calculation of DALY used the methodology presented by the world Bank in the report «Investing in health» in 1993 According to the methodology, the DALY is the number of years of life of the population, lived with disability or other health problems, and lost due to premature death. Results: the total loss of DALYs in the Tomsk region by the end of 2012 amounted 112,3, per 1000 population (11,6±8,9). In the structure of DALYs by cause of death 1st place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system, 2nd injury and poisoning, 3rd neoplasms. Conclusions: the indicator DALY in the Tomsk region are significantly lower than the Russian Federation as a whole (according to S.A. Leonov - 1.25 times, according to G. Yang - 2 times). The relatively low level of DALYs in the Tomsk region is associated with favourable compared with other regions of the age structure (younger populations). It should also be noted that more than 70% of population live in urban areas, where, as is known, the availability of medical care are higher than in rural.

scholarly journals Estimation of Burden of Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran Using Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Parandin ◽  
Fatemeh Heydarpour ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd ◽  
Ali Akbari Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Standard Life ◽  
And Control

Background: Human hydatidosis as a public concern has increased in a number of countries that have reduced control programs for the disease due to lack of resources or policies. We aimed to estimate Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for human hydatidosis in Iran in 2018. Methods: Data were collected from the Center of Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health &Medical Education, Tehran, Iran in 2018. To calculate DALYs, years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) with years of life with disability (YLD) were calculated according to the formula as DALY = YLL + YLD. The standard life expectancy lost method (SEYLL) was used to calculate the years lost due to premature death. Results: DALYs for human hydatidosis was calculated as 1210.12 years (YLD equals to 177.12 and YLL equals to 1033) in Iran for the year 2018. It was estimated to be 700.2 years for men and 509.8 years for women.  DALYs in men were significantly different from women (P= 0.001) so DALYs were more in men than women were. YLD was calculated at 78.228 years in men and 98.892 years in women and in both men and women at 177.12 years. YLD was significantly different in women compared to men (P=0.001), so YLD in women was more than in men. Conclusion: We reached considerable indices for hydatidosis in our study. Therefore, disease prevention and control programs in Iran seem necessary by the policy makers.

scholarly journals Impact of the Burden of COVID-19 in Italy: Results of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Productivity Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cesare Nurchis ◽  
Domenico Pascucci ◽  
Martina Sapienza ◽  
Leonardo Villani ◽  
Floriana D’Ambrosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The WHO declared the novel coronavirus disease a pandemic, with severe consequences for health and global economic activity and Italy is one of the hardest hit countries. This study aims to assess the socio-economic burden of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy through the estimation of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and productivity loss. The observational study was based on data from official governmental sources collected since the inception of epidemic until 28 April 2020. DALYs for a disease combines the years of life lost due to premature mortality in the population and the years lost due to disability of the disease. In addition to DALYs, temporary productivity loss due to absenteeism from work and permanent productivity loss due to premature mortality were estimated using the Human Capital Approach. The total DALYs amount to 2.01 per 1000 persons. The total permanent productivity loss was around EUR 300 million while the temporary productivity loss was around EUR 100 million. This evaluation does not consider other economic aspects related to lockdown, quarantine of contacts, healthcare direct costs etc. The burden of disease methodology is functional metric for steering choices of health policy and allowing the government to be accountable for the utilization of resources.

scholarly journals Years of life lost by CNCD attributed to occupational hazards in Brazil: GBD 2016 study

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ada Ávila Assunção ◽  
Elisabeth Barboza França
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Occupational Hazard ◽  
Life Years

OBJECTIVE: To assess the years of life lost due to premature death and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) as a result of chronic noncommunicable diseases attributable to occupational hazard factors, and to compare their position according to the risk ranking for chronic noncommunicable diseases in 1990 and 2016. METHODS: Data for the DALY indicator, estimated from the Global Burden of Disease 2016 (GBD 2016) study, were analyzed for noncommunicable chronic diseases attributable to occupational, and other risk factors, selected in Brazil. A descriptive analysis was performed comparing the proportion of DALY by sex and age group (15 to 49 and 50 to 69 years old), as well as the ranking of occupational hazard factors in 1990 and 2016. RESULTS: In 2016, ergonomic risk factors, carcinogenic agents, and noise in the workplace were among the 25 largest contributors to DALY for chronic noncommunicable diseases affecting the age group between 15 and 49 years. The contribution of all occupational hazard factors increased in 2016, except for occupational aerodispersoids affecting men. Concerning the age group between 50 and 69, occupational carcinogens stand out, with an increase of 26.0% for men, and 17.1% for women in 2016. Risk factors evaluated according to their 1990 and 2016 ranking show that occupational hazards have all scored higher on the second evaluation (2016), especially when compared with other risks. CONCLUSIONS: The global burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases attributed to occupational hazard factors has become increasingly important. We suggest the strengthening of the approach of occupational hazard factors in the agendas for tackling these diseases in Brazil.

scholarly journals Global burden of disease attributable to diabetes mellitus in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1234-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Joaquim Gonçalves Valente ◽  
Iuri da Costa Leite ◽  
Joyce Mendes de Andrade Schramm ◽  
Anne S. Renteria de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Disease Study

Type II diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of all cases of diabetes, and its inclusion in health evaluation has shown that its complications have a considerable impact on the population's quality of life. The current article presents the results of the Global Burden of Disease Study in Brazil for the year 1998, with an emphasis on diabetes mellitus and its complications. The indicator used was disability-adjusted life years (DALY), using a discount rate of 3%. In Brazil, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes accounted for 14.7% of total lost DALYs. Brazil showed a higher proportion of years lived with disability (YLDs) among total DALYs for diabetes as compared to other countries. Retinopathy and neuropathy were the complications that contributed most to YLDs. According to forecasts, diabetes mellitus will have an increasing impact on years of life lost due to premature death and disability in the world, shifting from the 11th to 7th cause of death by 2030. It is thus urgent to implement effective measures for prevention, early diagnosis, counseling, and adequate follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus.

Abstract 21: Years of Life Lost from Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Hispanics

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Rodriguez ◽  
Katherine Hastings ◽  
Jiaqi Hu ◽  
Latha Palaniappan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Precise Measure ◽  
Underlying Cause Of Death

Background: Hispanics face a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors yet paradoxically experience lower death rates as compared to their non-Hispanic white (NHW) counterparts. Years of life lost (YLL) is a more precise measure of premature mortality. Hypothesis: We hypothesize there will be heterogeneity in the YLL due to CVD between Hispanic subgroups. Methods: We used data from the National Center for Health Statistics Mortality file to compare deaths for Hispanic (n=832,550) subgroups and NHWs (n=7,770,145) <75 years of age from 2003 to 2012. We identified all CVD deaths and by subtype (i.e. ischemic, cerebrovascular, hypertensive and heart failure) using the underlying cause of death (ICD-10: I00-I78, I20-I25, I60-I69, I11, I13 and I50, respectively). YLL was calculated by age categories standardizing with 2000 U.S. Census population. Population estimates were calculated using linear interpolation from 2000 and 2010 U.S. Census. Results: After standardization, 11.4 year-losses per 1000 people due to CVD for NHWs and 8.2 per 1000 for Hispanics. Overall, Hispanics had lower YLL compared to NHWs and Puerto Ricans had higher losses among Hispanic subgroups. Most Hispanics had higher YLL for cerebrovascular disease than NHWs (Hispanics 1.1 times higher, Puerto Rican 1.2 times higher and Mexican 1.3 times higher) (Figure). Conclusions: Premature mortality from CVD varies greatly by Hispanic subgroups. These findings suggest the importance of disaggregating CVD mortality by Hispanic subgroup and using more sensitive measures of premature death in public health analyses.

scholarly journals The burden of atherosclerosis in Portugal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Costa ◽  
Joana Alarcão ◽  
Francisco Araujo ◽  
Raquel Ascenção ◽  
Daniel Caldeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Abstract Aims This article sought to estimate the burden of disease attributable to atherosclerosis in mainland Portugal in 2016. Methods and results The burden of atherosclerosis was measured in disability-adjusted life years following the latest 2010 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methodology. Disability-adjusted life years were estimated as the sum of years of life lost (YLL) with years lived with disability (YLD). The following clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis were included: ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (including acute myocardial infarction, stable angina, and ischaemic heart failure), ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Years of life lost were estimated based on all-cause mortality data for the Portuguese population and mortality due to IHD, ICVD, and PAD for the year 2016 sourced from national statistics. Standard life expectancy was sourced from the GBD study. Years lived with disability corresponded to the product of the number of prevalent cases by an average disability weight for all possible combinations of disease. Prevalence data for the different clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis were sourced from epidemiological studies. Disability weights were sourced from the published literature. In 2016, 15 123 deaths were attributable to atherosclerosis, which corresponded to 14.3% of overall mortality in mainland Portugal. Disability-adjusted life years totalled 260 943, 75% due to premature death (196 438 YLL) and 25% due to disability (64 505 YLD). Conclusion Atherosclerosis entails a high disease burden to society. A large part of this burden would be avoidable if evidence-based effective and cost-effective interventions targeting known risk factors, from prevention to treatment, were implemented.

scholarly journals Estimating the return on investment of the Bureau of Tobacco Free Florida tobacco control programme from 1999 to 2015

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040012
Author(s):  
James Nonnemaker ◽  
Anna J MacMonegle ◽  
Nathan Mann ◽  
Robyn Woodlea ◽  
Jennifer Duke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Healthcare Expenditures ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo assess the return on investment (ROI) of the Florida tobacco control programme, the Bureau of Tobacco Free Florida (BTFF), in terms of healthcare expenditure savings and mortality cost saved as a result of reduced mortality due to the programme from 1999 to 2015.MethodsWe use a synthetic control method to estimate the impact of the BTFF on smoking-attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLL), healthcare expenditures, and the economic value of premature mortality due to smoking in Florida from 1999 through 2015. We calculated an ROI for healthcare expenditures and for the value of life years saved.ResultsFrom 1999 to 2015, adult smoking prevalence in Florida averaged 0.98 percentage points lower than prevalence in the synthetic control states (19.6% vs 20.6%). The ROI over the period from 1999 to 2015 was 9.61 for healthcare expenditures and 112.44 for premature mortality. These ROIs suggest that for every US$1 of expenditure by BTFF, smoking-attributable healthcare expenditures decreased by almost US$11 and reductions in the economic costs associated with YLL due to smoking-attributable mortality totaled approximately US$113.ConclusionsOur results suggest the BTFF resulted in fewer YLL, substantial healthcare cost savings and substantial savings in terms of mortality costs. The positive ROIs for healthcare expenditures and premature mortality suggest that the BTFF is a good investment of public funds.

scholarly journals Addiction care in Mexico: a challenge for non-specialized health professionals

Salud Mental ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Marín-Navarrete ◽  
◽  
María Elena Medina-Mora ◽  
Antonio Tena-Suck ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
Addiction Care

International epidemiological studies report that substance use disorders (SUDs) and other psychiatric disorders (anxiety and depression) are among the first ten conditions that contribute to the global burden of disease. Together they account for 7.4% of the disability-adjusted life years of the total global burden, 0.5% of the total years of life lost to premature mortality, and 22.9% of the years lived with  disability. These data place SUDs as a serious public health problem in the world.

scholarly journals Health impacts of air pollution in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Tsanova ◽  
S Georgieva ◽  
M Kamburova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Premature Deaths

Abstract Background Air pollution is a major cause of premature death and disease, and is the single largest environmental health risk. Heart disease and stroke are the most common reasons for premature death attributable to air pollution, followed by lung diseases and lung cancer. This report aims at investigation and comparative analysis of air pollution and mortality related indicators in Bulgaria. Methods Descriptive study design with content analysis is applied on data from accessible national and international databases and publications - Bulgarian National Statistical Institute and The European Environment Agency. To evaluate the health burden attributable to air pollution were used the population-weighted concentration and the estimated number of attributable premature deaths, and the Years of life lost (YLL) per 100 000 inhabitants in 2016. The Ambient Air Quality Directive defines the PM2.5 Average Exposure Indicator which reflects population exposure to PM2.5 and shows the average concentration at urban areas, calculated as a 3-year average. Results In 2015, the level of PM2.5 had to be below 20 µg/m3 in any country. In 2017, concentrations were still above that level in three countries - Slovakia 22, Poland and Bulgaria 24. The largest health impacts in terms of premature deaths and YLL, are observed in central and eastern Europe where the highest concentrations are also observed - Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, Albania and North Macedonia. The premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 exposure in Bulgaria are 13 100, to NO2 - 1 100 and to O3 - 280. The YLL attributable to PM2.5, NO2 and O3 exposure are respectively 1858, 151, 42. All these levels are very high in comparison with other European countries. Conclusions Recognition of the full health and economic cost of air pollution and the benefits of pollution reduction should spur increased use of renewable energy, energy efficiency, and clean-fuel vehicles. This is a necessary investment for Bulgaria's future. Key messages Responsibility for, and tools to tackle, many environmental determinants of health lie outside the direct control of individuals or the health sector alone. Wider societal, intersectoral and population-based public health approach is needed.

scholarly journals Estimation of the economic burden of COVID-19 using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and productivity losses in Kerala, India: a model-based analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e049619
Author(s):  
Denny John ◽  
M S Narassima ◽  
Jaideep Menon ◽  
Jammy Guru Rajesh ◽  
Amitava Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Model Based Analysis

ObjectivesFrom the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical practice and research globally have centred on the prevention of transmission and treatment of the disease. The pandemic has had a huge impact on the economy and stressed healthcare systems worldwide. The present study estimates disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of potential productive life lost (YPPLL) and cost of productivity lost (CPL) due to premature mortality and absenteeism secondary to COVID-19 in the state of Kerala, India.SettingDetails on sociodemographics, incidence, death, quarantine, recovery time, etc were derived from public sources and the Collective for Open Data Distribution-Keralam. The working proportion for 5-year age–gender cohorts and the corresponding life expectancy were obtained from the 2011 Census of India.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe impact of the disease was computed through model-based analysis on various age–gender cohorts. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by adjusting six variables across 21 scenarios. We present two estimates, one until 15 November 2020 and later updated to 10 June 2021.ResultsSeverity of infection and mortality were higher among the older cohorts, with men being more susceptible than women in most subgroups. DALYs for males and females were 15 954.5 and 8638.4 until 15 November 2020, and 83 853.0 and 56 628.3 until 10 June 2021. The corresponding YPPLL were 1323.57 and 612.31 until 15 November 2020, and 6993.04 and 3811.57 until 10 June 2021, and the CPL (premature mortality) were 263 780 579.94 and 41 836 001.82 until 15 November 2020, and 1 419 557 903.76 and 278 275 495.29 until 10 June 2021.ConclusionsMost of the COVID-19 burden was contributed by years of life lost. Losses due to YPPLL were reduced as the impact of COVID-19 infection was lesser among the productive cohorts. The CPL values for individuals aged 40–49 years old were the highest. These estimates provide the data necessary for policymakers to work on reducing the economic burden of COVID-19 in Kerala.

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