scholarly journals Effects of Different Priming Treatments on Seed Germination Properties, Yield Components and Grain Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk TOKLU
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Positive Effects

An experiment was conducted under laboratory and field conditions in order to evaluate the effects of different priming treatments, specifically KNO3 (1%), KCl (2%), KH2PO4 (1%), ZnSO4 (0.05%), PEG-6000 (20%), IBA (100 ppm), Mannitol (4%), GA3 (100 ppm) and distilled water, on seed germination properties and several agro-morphological plant characteristics of red lentil. Seeds not primed were used as a control. GA3 treatment increased shoot length. The control (non-primed seeds) treatment resulted in increased seedling root number and length. Distilled water, ZnSO4 and control treatments increased germination rate and percentage. In the pot experiments, GA3 treatment increased plant height and seedling emergence rate, whereas KCl treatment improved the number of nodules, as well as root and shoot dry weight when compared to the control. ZnSO4 treatment increased yield components and grain yield in field conditions. The results of this study showed that ZnSO4, GA3 and PEG-6000 seed priming treatments may be useful tools due to their positive effects on germination rate, germination percentage, yield component and grain yield of lentil.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CUPULE REMOVAL AND SEED HYDRATION ON THE GERMINATION OF TRIPSACUM DACTYLOIDES SEEDS

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1118c-1118
Author(s):  
Jennifer Heisinger ◽  
Rick Savage ◽  
Dyremple Marsh ◽  
Fred Hassien
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Tripsacum Dactyloides ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Normal Field ◽  
Eastern Gamagrass

The germination percentage of eastern gamagrass under normal field conditions ranges from 5 to 10%. These rates are considered low and methods to improve stand establishment in this species are necessary, Studies were initiated to determine if cupule removal and seed hydration were effective in improving the germination percentage of eastern gamagrass. Seeds from which the cupules were removed were incubated for 30 days at 5° C in 100% ethylene glycol (EG). Control were seeds incubated in distilled water. At 12, 18, 24 and 30 days after the start of incubation, seeds from each group were removed and subjected to rapid warming at 25 - 27° C. Cupule removal significantly increased seed germination by as much as 55% over the control. Seeds with cupule removed and incubated in EG had a 65% germination rate,

scholarly journals Factors affecting Cyperus difformis seed germination and seedling emergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Derakhshan ◽  
J. Gherekhloo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cyperus Difformis ◽  
Emergence Patterns

Specific knowledge about the dormancy, germination, and emergence patterns of weed species aids the development of integrated management strategies. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of several environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of Cyperus difformis. Germination of freshly harvested seeds was inhibited by darkness; however, when seeds were subsequently transferred to complete light they germinated readily. Our results showed that 2 wk of cold stratification overcome the light requirement for germination. Seeds of C. difformis were able to germinate over a broad range of temperatures (25/15, 30/20, 35/25, and 40/30 ºC day/night). The response of germination rate to temperature was described as a non-linear function. Based on model outputs, the base, the optimum and the ceiling temperatures were estimated as 14.81, 37.72 and 45 ºC, respectively. A temperature of 120 ºC for a 5 min was required to inhibit 50% of maximum germination. The osmotic potential and salinity required for 50% inhibition of maximum germination were -0.47 MPa and 135.57 mM, respectively. High percentage of seed germination (89%) was observed at pH=6 and decreased to 12% at alkaline medium (pH 9) pH. Seeds sown on the soil surface gave the greatest percentage of seedling emergence, and no seedlings emerged from seeds buried in soil at depths of 1 cm.

Effect of Environmental Factors on Germination and Emergence of Shortawn Foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis)

Weed Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Wenlei Guo ◽  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Lu’an Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Wide Range

Shortawn foxtail is an invasive grass weed infesting winter wheat and canola production in China. A better understanding of the germination ecology of shortawn foxtail would help to develop better control strategies for this weed. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to evaluate the effects of various abiotic factors, including temperature, light, pH, osmotic stress, salt concentration, and planting depth, on seed germination and seedling emergence of shortawn foxtail. The results showed that the seed germination rate was greater than 90% over a wide range of constant (5 to 25C) and alternating (15/5 to 35/25C) temperatures. Maximum germination occurred at 20C or 25/15C, and no germination occurred at 35C. Light did not appear to have any effect on seed germination. Shortawn foxtail germination was 27% to 99% over a pH range of 4 to 10, and higher germination was obtained at alkaline pH values ranging from 7 to 10. Seed germination was sensitive to osmotic potential and completely inhibited at an osmotic potential of −0.6 MPa, but it was tolerant to salinity: germination even occurred at 200 mM NaCl (5%). Seedling emergence was highest (98%) when seeds were placed on the soil surface but declined with the increasing burial depth. No seedlings emerged when seeds were buried 6-cm deep. Deep tillage could be an effective measure to limit seed germination from increased burial depth. The results of this study will lead to a better understanding of the requirements for shortawn foxtail germination and emergence and will provide information that could contribute to its control.

Mid-parent advantage and heterosis in F1 hybrids of wheat from crosses among old and modern varieties

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Modern Varieties

Twenty-eight F1 hybrids of wheat and their parents were grown in field trials at Trumpington, Cambridge during 1986/87 and 1987/88. They were derived from crosses between seven ‘modern’ varieties, used as female parents, and either two ‘old’ (Squareheads Master and Partridge) or two ‘modern’ varieties (Bert and Motto), which were used as male parents. Grain yield, yield components, biomass and height were determined. The male parents were chosen to provide contrasting phenotypes and genetic backgrounds for the F1 hybrids. Mid-parent advantage, the increase of a hybrid for a given character above the mean of its parents, and heterosis, the increase of a hybrid above the ‘better’ parent for that character, were calculated. Most F1 hybrids showed mid-parent advantage for the characters studied. This tended to be greatest for hybrids derived from parents with the largest phenotypic differences in that character. In contrast, where heterosis occurred it tended to be greatest where the phenotypic difference between the parents was least. This suggests that the beneficial effects of hybridization, resulting from the dispersion of dominant genes between the parents, was insufficient to overcome the detrimental effects of other genes present where the ‘less good’ parent was substantially lower than the ‘better’ parent. Hybrids derived from the ‘modern’ male parents had greater heterosis for grain yield and mean grain weight than those from the ‘old’ parents. Of the yield components, positive heterosis for mean grain weight resulted in heavier seeds and was the most important yield component in determining heterosis in grain yield. Heterosis for the number of grains/ear was small or did not differ significantly from zero while number of ears/m2 showed negative heterosis resulting in fewer ears/m2 in the hybrids.

scholarly journals The efficacy of different seed priming agents for promoting sorghum germination under salt stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245505
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Chen ◽  
Ruidong Zhang ◽  
Yifan Xing ◽  
Bing Jiang ◽  
Bang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Positive Effects

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] seed germination is sensitive to salinity, and seed priming is an effective method for alleviating the negative effects of salt stress on seed germination. However, few studies have compared the effects of different priming agents on sorghum germination under salt stress. In this study, we quantified the effects of priming with distilled water (HP), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on sorghum seed germination under 150 mM NaCl stress. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight were significantly reduced by salt stress. Different priming treatments alleviated the germination inhibition caused by salt stress to varying degrees, and 50 mM CaCl2 was the most effective treatment. In addition, the mitigation effect of priming was stronger on root traits than on shoot traits. Mitigation efficacy was closely related to both the type of agent and the concentration of the solution. Principal component analysis showed that all concentrations of CaCl2 had higher scores and were clearly distinguished from other treatments based on their positive effects on all germination traits. The effects of the other agents varied with concentration. The priming treatments were divided into three categories based on their priming efficacy, and the 50, 100, and 150 mM CaCl2 treatments were placed in the first category. The 150 mM KCl, 10% PEG, HP, 150 mM NaCl, 30% PEG, and 50 mM KCl treatments were placed in the second category, and the 100 mM NaCl, 100 mM KCl, 20% PEG, and 50 mM NaCl treatments were least effective and were placed in the third category. Choosing appropriate priming agents and methods for future research and applications can ensure that crop seeds germinate healthily under saline conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Environmental Factors on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of White Clover (Trifolium repens L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Lei Chu ◽  
Yiping Gao ◽  
Lingling Chen ◽  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
David Jespersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is cultivated as a forage crop and planted in various landscapes for soil conservation. There are numerous reports of failed white clover stands each year. A good understanding of the seed germination biology of white clover in relation to environmental factors is essential to achieve successful stand establishment. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the impacts of light, temperature, planting depth, drought, and salt stress on seed germination and the emergence of white clover. White clover is negatively photoblastic, and seed germination averaged 63 and 66% under light and complete dark conditions 4 weeks after planting (WAP), respectively. Temperature affected the seed germination speed and rate. At 1 WAP, seeds incubated at 15 to 25 °C demonstrated a significantly higher germination rate than the low temperatures at 5 and 10 °C; however, the germination rate did not differ among the temperature treatments at 4 WAP. The results suggest that white clover germination decreases with increasing sowing depths, and the seeds should be sown on the soil surface or shallowly buried at a depth ≤1 cm to achieve an optimal emergence. White clover seeds exhibited high sensitivity to drought and salinity stress. The osmotic potential and NaCl concentration required to inhibit 50% seed germination were −0.19 MPa and 62.4 mM, respectively. Overall, these findings provide quantifiable explanations for inconsistent establishment observed in field conditions. The results obtained in this research can be used to develop effective planting strategies and support the successful establishment of white clover stands.

Effect of nitrogen, seeding date and cultivar on oat quality and yield in the eastern Canadian prairies

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. May ◽  
Ramona M. Mohr ◽  
Guy P. Lafond ◽  
Adrian M. Johnston ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
N Rates

The proportion of oat (Avena sativa L.) being used for race horses and human consumption has increased over the past 15 yr. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N, seeding date and cultivar on grain yield components, grain yield and grain quality of oat under a direct seeding system. Four N rates, three seeding dates and two cultivars were tested at Indian Head, Melfort, and Canora, SK, and Brandon, MB. Yield was more responsive to increasing N rates from 15 and 80 kg ha-1 when oat was seeded in early May versus early June. Panicles plant-1 was the yield component that accounted for most of the yield increase achieved from increasing rates of N, while kernel weight was the yield component that decreased as the rate of N increased. Physical seed quality decreased (plump seed decreased and thin seed increased) with delayed seeding and greater N fertilizer rates. Nitrogen fertilizer and seeding date had a much larger effect on the quality of CDC Pacer than AC Assiniboia. Combining early seeding, appropriate N fertility and well-adapted cultivars should increase the likelihood of optimizing oat yield and quality necessary for high-value markets. Key words: Avena sativa L., yield components, test weight, lodging, plump seed, thin seed

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of Yield and Yield Component Traits of Breeding Lines of Maize over Two Seasons in Derived Savannah Agro-Ecology

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-574
Author(s):  
Charles U. UBA ◽  
Christian U. AGBO ◽  
Uchechukwu P. CHUKWUDI ◽  
Andrew A. EFUSIE ◽  
Stella O. MUOJIAMA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Positive Effects

The understanding of yield and the interaction with its components is very important for selection in early generations of crop breeding. Twelve maize genotypes were collected from International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) along with seven landraces in order to identify the contribution of different traits to yield improvement. The experiments were carried out in two different seasons (March/April-early and July/August- late) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Early season planting had a higher grain yield than late season planting. The difference in grain yield between early and late season was 3.92 tons/ha. This represents a 27.8% increase in grain yield during the early season over the late season planting. Number of ears per plant and shelling percentage were not influenced by seasonal effects. Ear weight and days to tasselling showed the highest direct positive effects of 0.972 and 0.665, respectively on grain yield, during early season. Furthermore, ear weight, followed by shelling percentage, exerted the highest direct positive effect on grain yield in late season. Higher indirect positive effects were obtained for ear diameter, ear length, ear height and plant height via ear weight in both seasons. Ear weight, days to tasselling and ear length were identified as the major traits affecting yield of maize in both seasons in the derived Savannah agro-ecology.

scholarly journals The Effect of Priming Treatments on Germination and Seedling Performance of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Seed Lots

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Eren OZDEN ◽  
Ibrahim DEMIR
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Percent Relative Humidity ◽  
Purslane Seed

This study was conducted to test the effect of a priming combination on the seed germination percentage and seedling emergence performance of purslane under climate chamber and field conditions. Four purslane seed lots were treated according five different methods, which were T1: Seeds kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C; T2: Seeds kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C, and then soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 5 °C; T3: Seeds kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C, and then soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 20 °C; T4: Seeds soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 5 °C; T5: Seeds soaked in distilled water for 8 hours at 20 °C; and C: Control (untreated). Seed germination was calculated for 14 days at 20 °C, seedling emergence percentages were calculated in the climatically-controlled chamber for 21 days at 22 °C, and in the field for 35 days at 15-25 °C. The highest seed germination (94%) and seedling emergence in the climatically-controlled chamber (87%) and field (82%) were obtained from seeds that had been kept at a hundred percent relative humidity for four hours at 20 °C, then soaked in distilled water for eight hours at 5 °C. Results indicated that farm-priming, can be an efficient priming method in purslane seeds.

Effect of Priming Techniques on Seed Germination Characteristics of C. Maxima Duch

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Dong Sun ◽  
Xin Zheng Li ◽  
He Lian Yang ◽  
Li Sun
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Successful Technique

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of seed priming techniques on germination characteristics of C. maxima Duch. cultivar (Beiguan). Treatments were combinations of 3 levels of priming (distilled water, NaCl and PEG6000) and non-priming (control) with 3 replications. Concentrations of NaCl solution were 50, 100, 150, 200 mmol•L-1, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, respectively. Seeds were primed using the above priming materials for 24 hours at 20°C in the dark, respectively. The results showed that different priming techniques could have various effects on germination of Beiguan seeds. Hydropriming (distilled water), NaCl priming and PEG6000 priming (10%) all improved the germination characteristics of Beiguan, compared to the control. NaCl priming was more effective than hydropriming and PEG6000 priming and was the most successful technique in this study. These findings indicated that seed priming techniques could accelerate germination process and were simple and cheap, we should propose these methods to farmers.

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