scholarly journals Introduction pages

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 11137
Author(s):  
Radu E. SESTRAS
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trypanosoma Species

Notulae Scientia Biologicae (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro), Issue 4, Volume 13, 2021: The papers published in this issue represent interesting novelties in different topics of life science. Among the exciting researches or reviews, we invite readers to find news about: Haemato-biochemical alterations and acute toxicity study of hydro-methanol root extract of Anacardium occidentale in cockerels; Diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; Molecular detection of Trypanosoma species and haematological alterations in four trypanosome-infected Nigerian horses; Cryopreservation of aromatic ginger Kaempferia galanga L. by encapsulation-dehydration; Comparative study of some physicochemical and biological properties of effect host species variation on the relationship Saharan parasitic plant Cistanche violaceae (Desf.) Beck.; Comparative leaf anatomy of ten Nepenthes L. species (Nepenthaceae) from Peninsular Malaysia; Seed germination response of Indian wild pear (Pyrus pashia) to gibberellic acid treatment and cold storage; Molecular and morphological characterization of Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber, 1923) Skarbilovich, 1959 from Egypt.

Frequency of Leukemia Stem Cell Candidates Predicts Refractoriness to Conventional Chemotherapy and Adverse Clinical Outcome

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 2160-2160
Author(s):  
Dan Ran ◽  
Isabel Taubert ◽  
Volker Eckstein ◽  
Frauke Bellos ◽  
Patrick Wuchter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Abstract 2160 We have shown that leukemia stem cells candidates (LSCC) can be prospectively identified by high activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHbr) and expression of CD34 among the leukemia blasts from the marrow of patients with AML. In this study we have examined the relationship between the frequency of LSCC at diagnosis with persistence of leukemia blasts after induction chemotherapy as well as with long-term clinical outcome. Using single cell sorting, we have further separated subsets among the LSCC and correlated their individual functional properties with the respective marker constellation. The percentage of LSCC in 101 patients ranged from 0.01% to 12.90% with a median of 0.51%. Frequencies of LSCC among the leukemia blasts at diagnosis correlated significantly with the persistence of leukemia after the first induction chemotherapy (n=79, Spearman R=0.7797, P<0.0001). During the observation period of 24 months, 21 of 60 patients with high levels of LSCC died as compared to 7 of 41 patients with low levels of LSCC (p=0.029). The overall survival (OS) probability for the patients with high levels of LSCC was significantly worse (p=0.05) than in those with low LSCC. Characterization of these LSCC at a single cell level showed that a varying proportion, i.e. 15% to 78% of their progeny cells demonstrated the same chromosomal aberrations as the original leukemia population, indicating the presence of residual normal HSC. Thus high frequencies of LSCC at the time of diagnosis predict persistence of leukemia blasts, failure to achieve CR within the first cycle and poor overall clinical outcome. Our prospective separation of LSCC permits precise characterization of the biological properties of the subsets of stem cell candidates in human AML. Disclosures: Ho: Genzyme: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Morphology of Malaysian Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa): Diversity, Origin and Implications for Weed Management

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edi Sudianto ◽  
Ting-Xiang Neik ◽  
Sheh May Tam ◽  
Tse-Seng Chuah ◽  
Akmal Adilah Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Multiple Origins ◽  
Previous Proposal ◽  
Manual Weeding

Weedy rice is one of the most dominant and competitive weed species found throughout rice planting areas worldwide. In Malaysia, a combination of agricultural practices such as direct seeding and shared use of machinery has contributed to the rapid proliferation of weedy rice across paddy fields in recent decades. Here, we report on the morphological characterization of weedy rice populations and inferred origin(s) of different morphotypes present in Peninsular Malaysia. Eight weedy rice morphotypes were distinguished based on a combination of traits such as awn presence/absence and hull color, from 193 accessions collected in 17 locations. Results showed a high proportion of awnless accessions (strawhull-, intermediate strawhull-, and brownhull-colored morphotypes, together composing 65% of sampled accessions), with awned accessions represented by strawhull, brownhull, and blackhull forms. Clustering and PCA analyses revealed four major clusters: (1) O. rufipogon and the majority of awned, blackhull, and brownhull—suggestive of a type of weedy rice originating from wild Oryza populations; (2) elite indica cultivar rice and the majority of strawhull weeds—supporting a previous proposal that weedy rice from Malaysia mainly evolved from indirect selection on cultivars for easy-shattering feral forms; (3) the majority of brownhull; and (4) a mixture of other weedy morphotypes—potentially reflecting multiple origins and subsequent admixture. The combination of key morphological descriptors will be useful for advising farmers appropriately in strategies for controlling the spread of weedy rice, including periodic manual weeding to reduce buildup of the seed bank in the fields.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the tropical rainforest of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Muñoz-Gamba ◽  
Katherine Laiton-Donato ◽  
Erick Perdomo-Balaguera ◽  
José Usme-Ciro ◽  
Gabriel Parra-Henao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta rainforest has diverse fauna due to its position in northern Colombia, a Caribbean region with predominantly tropical, dry, and rainforest ecosystems in which there is a high diversity of mosquito species that may act as arbovirus vectors.OBJECTIVESThe present study reports the molecular characterization of select mosquito species in this rainforest.METHODSManual capture methods were used to collect mosquitoes, and the specimens were identified via classical taxonomy. The COI marker was used for species confirmation, and phylogenetic analysis was performed, using the neighbor-joining method, with the Kimura-2-Parameters model.FINDINGSAedes serratus, Psorophora ferox, Johnbelkinia ulopus, Sabethes cyaneus, Wyeomyia aporonoma, Wyeomyia pseudopecten, Wyeomyia ulocoma and Wyeomyia luteoventralis were identified and intra-species variation >2% for most species.MAIN CONCLUSIONSWe report the first records on the genetic variability of mosquitoes in this area and phylogenetic reconstructions allowed for identification at the species level, and the corroboration by means of classical taxonomy suggested complementarity of both methods, which may be employed when morphological or molecular data are poor or not available. The genetic and morphological characterization of jungle mosquito populations will help to understand their biology.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective effects of the Alzheimer's disease-related gene seladin-1

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Peri ◽  
Mario Serio
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Disease Related Gene

The endocrine and the nervous system are closely correlated throughout life, starting from the embryo and until the late stages of life. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease associated with ageing. Unfortunately, an effective way to prevent or to cure this disease does not exist, so far. There is evidence that estrogens exert neuroprotective properties, although their efficacy against AD is still a matter of debate. In 2000 a new neuroprotective gene, i.e. seladin-1 (for SELective AD INdicator-1) was identified and found to be down regulated in AD vulnerable brain regions. Seladin-1 inhibits the activation of caspase-3, a key modulator of apoptosis. This protein has also enzymatic activity. In fact, it has been demonstrated that the seladin-1 gene encodes 3-β-hydroxysterol Δ-24-reductase, which catalyzes the synthesis of cholesterol from desmosterol. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that an appropriate amount of membrane cholesterol determines the generation of a barrier against toxic insults and prevents the production of β-amyloid, the histopathological hallmark of AD. This review will summarize the studies that have been focused on the characterization of the biological properties of seladin-1 since its first identification. In particular, the relationship between seladin-1-mediated neuroprotection and estrogens, IGF1 and thyroid hormones, will be described and discussed.

Electron Microscopy: A Versatile Tool in Nanoworld

2013 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
M.A. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Robert Hooke ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
The Relationship

Microscopy is the characterization of objects smaller than what can be seen with the naked human eye, and from its inception, optical microscopy has played a seminal role in the development of science. In the 1660s, Robert Hooke first resolved cork cells and thereby discovered the cellular nature of life. Robert Browns 1827 observation of the seemingly random movement of pollen grains [ led to the understanding of the motion that still bears his name, and ultimately to the formulation of statistical mechanics. The contributions of optical microscopy continue into the present, even as the systems of interest approach nanometer size. What makes optical microscopy so useful is the relatively low energy of visible light: in general, it does not irreversibly alter the electronic or atomic structure of the matter with which it interacts, allowing observation of natural processes in situ. Moreover, light is cheap, abundant, and can be manipulated with common and relatively inexpensive laboratory hardware.Science and technology ever seek to build structures of progressively smaller size. This effort at miniaturization has finally reached the point where structures and materials can be built through atom-by-atom engineering. Typical chemical bonds separate atoms by a fraction of a nanometer (109 m), and the term nanotechnology has been coined for this emerging area of development. By manipulating the arrangements and bonding of atoms, materials can be designed with a far vaster range of physical, chemical and biological properties than has been previously conceived. But how to characterize the relationship between starting composition, which can be controlled, with the resulting structure and properties of a nanoscale-designed material that has superior and unique performance? Microscopy is essential to the development of nanotechnology, serving as its eyes and hands.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of natural orchids Dendrobium spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012139
Author(s):  
S Hartati ◽  
Samanhudi ◽  
O Cahyono ◽  
A N Hariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Characteristic ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Quantitative Properties ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Dendrobium is characterized by long pseudobulbs or canes with soft leaves over the entire length, or in some species short or swollen pseudobulbs with two leathery leaves. The inflorescence is composed from dozens of flowers of different sizes and colors. This study aimed to identify the quantitative morphological character of five species of Dendrobium spp. namely D. mirbelianum, D. lamellatum from Java, D. anosmum from South Kalimantan, D. bracteosum from Papua, and D. purpureum from North Sumatera. The resulted dendrogram based on the similarity matrix were divided into two clusters, among the five species the value of similarity coefficient is 1.50. The first cluster is only composed from D. mirbelianum, the second cluster is D. lamellatum, D. purpureum, D. bracteosum, and D. anosmum which have more distant relationship with the other three orchids. Moreover, D. lamellatum and D. purpureum have the closest similarity coefficient with 0.81 value, which have bigger chance to use as the parents for hybridization. There are many Dendrobiums spp. distribution which based on the relationship area. In addition to quantitative properties, it also needs to be expanded to qualitative, anatomy, cytology, and also molecular characteristic to have more comprehensive data.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Microstructural Characterization of Au-Ge-Ni based ohmic contacts to GaAs/AlGaAs modfet device

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 326-327
Author(s):  
A.K. Rai ◽  
A.K. Petford-Long ◽  
A. Ezis ◽  
D.W. Langer
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Ohmic Contact ◽  
Ohmic Contacts ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Spacer Layer ◽  
Good Contact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lower Contact

Considerable amount of work has been done in studying the relationship between the contact resistance and the microstructure of the Au-Ge-Ni based ohmic contacts to n-GaAs. It has been found that the lower contact resistivity is due to the presence of Ge rich and Au free regions (good contact area) in contact with GaAs. Thus in order to obtain an ohmic contact with lower contact resistance one should obtain a uniformly alloyed region of good contact areas almost everywhere. This can possibly be accomplished by utilizing various alloying schemes. In this work microstructural characterization, employing TEM techniques, of the sequentially deposited Au-Ge-Ni based ohmic contact to the MODFET device is presented.The substrate used in the present work consists of 1 μm thick buffer layer of GaAs grown on a semi-insulating GaAs substrate followed by a 25 Å spacer layer of undoped AlGaAs.

Morphological Characterization of Rhinacanthus Species of Sri Lanka

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
APPR Amarasinghe ◽  
RP Karunagoda ◽  
DSA Wijesundara
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Morphological Characterization
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