scholarly journals Contrasts in Areas of Rubber Tree Clones in Regard to Soil and Biomass Carbon Stocks

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1378-1385
Author(s):  
Anderson Ribeiro Diniz ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Fabiano de Carvalho Balieiro ◽  
Eduardo Vinicius da Silva ◽  
Felipe Martini Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Biomass Component ◽  
C Stock ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) crop may accumulate significant amounts of carbon either in biomass or in the soil. However, a comprehensive understanding of the potential of the C stock among different rubber tree clones is still distant, since clones are typically developed to exhibit other traits, such as better yield and disease tolerance. Thus, the aim of this study was to address differences among different areas planted to rubber clones. We hypothesized that different rubber tree clones, developed to adapt to different environmental and biological constrains, diverge in terms of soil and plant biomass C stocks. Clones were compared in respect to soil C stocks at four soil depths and the total depth (0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.40, and 0.00-0.40 m), and in the different compartments of the tree biomass. Five different plantings of rubber clones (FX3864, FDR 5788, PMB 1, MDX 624, and CDC 312) of seven years of age were compared, which were established in a randomized block design in the experimental field in Rio de Janeiro State. No difference was observed among plantings of rubber tree clones in regard to soil C stocks, even considering the total stock from 0.00-0.40 m depth. However, the rubber tree clones were different from each other in terms of total plant C stocks, and this contrast was predominately due to only one component of the total C stock, tree biomass. For biomass C stock, the MDX 624 rubber tree clone was superior to other clones, and the stem was the biomass component which most accounted for total C biomass. The contrast among rubber clones in terms of C stock is mainly due to the biomass C stock; the aboveground (tree biomass) and the belowground (soil) compartments contributed differently to the total C stock, 36.2 and 63.8 %, respectively. Rubber trees did not differ in relation to C stocks in the soil, but the right choice of a rubber clone is a reliable approach for sequestering C from the air in the biomass of trees.

scholarly journals Phenotypic stability and genetic gains in six-year girth growth of Hevea clones

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1223-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo de Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Alberto Kazutoshi Fujihara ◽  
Altino Aldo Ortolani ◽  
Ondino Cleante Bataglia ◽  
Nelson Bortoletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Phenotypic Stability ◽  
Plateau Region ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Clonal Variance

Rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Müell. Arg.] budgrafts of seven clones were evaluated on five contrasting sites in the plateau region of the São Paulo State, Brazil. The objective of this work was to study the phenotypic stability for girth growth. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications and seven treatments. Analysis of variance of girth at six-year plant growth indicated a highly significant clone x site interaction. Only linear sites and clone x site components of clone x year interaction were significant, indicating that the performance of clones over sites for this trait could be predicted. The clones GT 1 and PB 235 showed the greatest stability in relation to girth growth, with foreseen responses to change, introduced in the sites. The clones PB 235 and IAN 873 showed significative difference in relation to regression coefficient, representing clones with specific adaptability on favorable and unfavorable sites respectively. The clone GT 1 became the most promissory one in the study of stability and adaptability even showing low girth growth. Expected genetic gains from planting sites, along with estimates of clonal variance and repeatability of clonal means are generally greatest or close to the greatest when selection is done at the same site.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and estimated genetic gains in young rubber tree progenies

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Khusala Verardi ◽  
Erivaldo José Scaloppi Junior ◽  
Guilherme Augusto Peres Silva ◽  
Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa ◽  
Paulo de Souza Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
First Year ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Selection Gain ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this work was to assess the genetic parameters and to estimate genetic gains in young rubber tree progenies. The experiments were carried out during three years, in a randomized block design, with six replicates and ten plants per plot, in three representative Hevea crop regions of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-two progenies were evaluated, from three to five years old, for rubber yield and annual girth growth. Genetic gain was estimated with the multi-effect index (MEI). Selection by progenies means provided greater estimated genetic gain than selection based on individuals, since heritability values of progeny means were greater than the ones of individual heritability, for both evaluated variables, in all the assessment years. The selection of the three best progenies for rubber yield provided a selection gain of 1.28 g per plant. The genetic gains estimated with MEI using data from early assessments (from 3 to 5-year-old) were generally high for annual girth growth and rubber yield. The high genetic gains for annual girth growth in the first year of assessment indicate that progenies can be selected at the beginning of the breeding program. Population effective size was consistent with the three progenies selected, showing that they were not related and that the population genetic variability is ensured. Early selection with the genetic gains estimated by MEI can be made on rubber tree progenies.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR NIRA AREN (Arenga pinnata MERR) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomea reptans POIR)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Lukman Arif
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Palm Juice ◽  
Spinach Plant ◽  
Palm Sugar ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Right

This study aims to determine to determine the effect of land spinach plant growth due to the provision of liquid organic fertilizer palm sugar and to determine the right concentration of palm sugar palm POC to the growth of land spinach plants. This experiment used a single factor randomized block design consisting of 4 replications of 4 treatments. The best experimental results on plant height and number of leaves, leaf length and leaf width aged 14 and 24 HST were influenced by the use of palm juice 40 ml / L water with a height of 19.59 cm and 32.13 cm number of leaves 6.34 and 12.25 strands, leaf length 13.71 and 15.75 while leaf widths are 1.74 and 3.48 cm.

scholarly journals Kandungan dan Serapan Mineral Pucuk Indigofera zollingeriana dari Tanaman dengan Kerapatan Tanam Berbeda

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Azib Ernawati - ◽  
Luki Abdullah ◽  
Idat Galih Permana
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Indigofera Zollingeriana ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the mineral contents of I. zollingeriana growing with different planting densities. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three different planting densities (8,000 plants per ha, 13,333 plants per ha, and 20,000 plants per ha) and 3 replication. Plant biomass was analyzed for macro and micro mineral contents as well as Ca:P ratio. The results showed that increased planting densities significantly increased (p<0.05) P, Cu, and Cr contents, but decreased Ca and Na contents  had no significant effect  on Mg, K, Mn, Zn and Fe contents. Furthermore, the increased planting densities significantly decreased (p<0.05) uptakes of Ca, K, Mn, and Fe by the plants, but increased (p<0.05) the uptakes of Cu and Cr. Meanwhile, the uptakes of P, K, Na, and Zn were not affected by planting densities. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the planting density of I. zollingeriana should be maintained in 8,000 plants ha-1 to maintain the content and uptake of mineral in forage crops. Key words:        defoliation periods,          Indigofera zollingeriana, macrominerals, micro minerals, planting density

scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Inoculants on Plant Attributes and Nutrients Uptake by Soybean in Vertisols

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Kumar ◽  
R. K. Sahu ◽  
R. K. Thakur ◽  
Bablu Yaduwanshi ◽  
N. G. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
Plant Attributes

The present study was carried out during kharif season 2019-20 at the Research Farm, Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (INDIA), to assess the effect of microbial inoculants on plant attributes and nutrients uptake by soybean in Vertisols. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The 15 treatments comprised of different beneficial microbial consortia in possible combinations applied as seed treatments. The crop was supplemented with recommended dose of fertilizers 20 N : 80 P2O5 : 20 K2O kg ha-1. Besides these, two control plots were maintained as fertilized un-inoculated control (FUI) and unfertilized un-inoculated control (UFUI). The findings revealed that the significant improvement were noticed by the application of consortia NPK+EM+PGPR in plant growth attributes of nodulation at 25, 45 & 65 DAS (71, 70 & 59% respectively), over control (9.5, 33.4 & 34.7 nodule plant-1) and its biomass, (62, 69 & 74% respectively),over the control  (0.58, 1.16 & 0.99 g plant-1),  plant height at 25, 45 & 65DAS were increased 61, 40, 41% respectively, over the control (16.20, 34.90 and 44.30 cm) and plant biomass, (48, 62 & 53%), over the control 1.67, 4.73 and 6.1 g plant-1. Similarly, nutrient uptake (seed & stover) were also increased at 25, 45 and 65 stages of crop growth, with 36.6, 34.8 & 51.3% in seed and 66.7, 98.2 & 67.2% in straw respectively over the control (98.5, 63.8, 5.2, and 7.4, 24.9 and 44.4 kg ha-1 respectively). Thus, it may be concluded that the consortium of NPK + EM + PGPR was superior for sustainable crop production and soil health.

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan dan Rendemen Minyak Klon Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) terhadap Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Urea (Growth Response And Yield Of Patchouli Clones (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) On Dose Urea Various Applications)

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Retno Ayu Diah Pangestu ◽  
M. Tahir ◽  
Fatahillah Fatahillah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Right

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a plant that produces essential oils and important foreign exchange earner for Indonesia. Using superior clones  with the right fertilizer application will increase the yield of patchouli oil. The research aims to obtain patchouli plants that have the best response of urea fertilization application and optimum dosage of urea for patchouli plant growth. The study was conducted at the Politeknik Negeri lampung’s teaching farm in December 2018 until May 2019. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), consisting of two treatment factors, namely the type of urea clone. The first factor is the type of clone consisting of 2 levels, namely NPL 9 clone and Lhokseumawe clone. The second factor is the treatment of urea doses consisting of 4 levels, namely control, 250 kg.ha-1, 300 kg.ha-1, and 350 kg.ha-1. Variables observed included plant’s height, bough, diameter, number of leaves, stalk angle, chlorophyll content, wet weight of plant, wind dry weight of plant, and yield. The results of research showed  NPL 9 clone had a superior appearance and 350 kg.ha-1 of urea dose  was the optimal dose compared to other doses and could increase patchouli yield 2,3% compared to the control treatment.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomea batatas L. var. ayamurasaki) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HEALTH-PROMOTING YOGURT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Gusti Chandra Rizki ◽  
Komang Ayu Nocianitri ◽  
I Made Sugitha
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Flour ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Sweet Potato Flour ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato ◽  
The Right

This research aims to identify the effect of adding purple sweet potato flour to the characteristics of health-promoting yogurt and to identify the right concentration of purple sweet potato flour to produce health-promoting yogurt with the best characteristics. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) of the addition of purple sweet potato flour with the concentration of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, resulting in 15 experimental units. The data were then Analyzed of Variance (ANOVA) method and if the treatment had an effect on the variable, the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) were performed. The results showed purple sweet potato flour has significant effect to lactic acid total, pH, antioxidant activity, color, texture, and taste of health-promoting yogurt and did not significantly affect LAB total, hedonic taste, aroma, and overall acceptance. The addition of 8% purple sweet potato flour resulted in the best characteristic under the following criteria: 1.23% of lactic acid total, 3.73 of pH, 90.33% of antioxidant activity, 13.19 log CFU/ml of LAB total, pink color and indefferent color, thick texture rather like, sour taste rather like, flavor and overall acceptance rather like. Keywords: health-promoting yogurt, purple sweet potato flour, antioxidant.  

scholarly journals Pengaruh Nilai Hydrophile-Liphophile Balance (HLB) dan Jenis Ekstrak terhadap Karakteristik Krim Kunyit-Lidah Buaya (Curcuma domestica val.-Aloe Vera)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Sri Krsna Devi ◽  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Lutfi Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Separation Ratio ◽  
Turmeric Extract ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effect of  value Hydrophile-Liphophile Balance (HLB) and type of extract on the characteristics of turmeric-aloe vera cream (Curcuma domestica Val. – Aloe Vera) also determine the HLB and the right type of extract to produce the best characteristics of turmeric-aloe vera cream (Curcuma domestica Val. – Aloe Vera). This study used a factorial randomized block design with two factor. The first factor was the HLB which consist of three levels, namely HLB 9, 10 and 11. The second factor was an extract consisting of two levels, namely the addition of turmeric and aloe vera extract. The result of the study showed that HLB has an effect on the spread power. The extract has an effect on the degree of acidity and total phenol. The treatment of HLB and the addition of the extract did not affect homogeneity, separation ratio, viscocity and adhesion time. All creams fulfill the characteristics of SNI. Aloe vera and turmeric extract cream with HLB 10 were the best formulated cream at the 6th week storage of the following characteristics: homogeneus, separation ratio =1, spread power 4.8-5.2 cm, viscocity 15733–16667 cp, adhesion time 14.43–17.31 second, pH 4.87-5.00 and total phenol 1.08–1.36 mg GAE/g. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai Hydrophile-Liphophile Balance (HLB) dan jenis ekstrak terhadap karakteristik krim kunyit – lidah buaya (Curcuma domestica Val. – Aloe Vera) yang dihasilkan serta menentukan perbandingan HLB dan jenis ekstrak yang tepat untuk menghasilkan karakteristik terbaik krim kunyit – lidah buaya (Curcuma domestica Val – Aloe Vera). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu HLB yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu HLB 9, 10 dan 11. Faktor kedua yaitu penambahan ekstrak terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu penambahan ekstrak kunyit dan lidah buaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan HLB berpengaruh terhadap daya sebar. Perlakuan penambahan ekstrak berpengaruh terhadap derajat keasaman dan total senyawa fenolik. Perlakuan HLB dan penambahan ekstrak tidak berpengaruh terhadap homogenitas, rasio pemisah, viskositas dan waktu lekat. Semua krim memenuhi karakteristik SNI. Krim ekstrak lidah buaya dan kunyit dengan HLB 10 merupakan krim dengan formulasi terbaik pada minggu ke-6 dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut : homogen, rasio pemisahan =1, daya sebar 4.8-5.2 cm, viskositas 15733–16667 cp, waktu lekat 14.43–17.31 detik, pH 4.87-5.00 dan total fenol 1.08–1.36 mg GAE/g.

scholarly journals SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG ALMOND DENGAN TEPUNG KEMIRI (Aleurites moluccana Wild) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KULIT MACARON

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Ganitri Adnyasuari ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Ekawati ◽  
Ni Made Indri Hapsari Arihantana
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Aleurites Moluccana

This research aims to identify the substitution of almond flour with candlenut flour on the characteristics of macaron shell, and to identify the right concentration of almond flour with candlenut flour on the characteristics of macaron shell. This research used randomized block design with the treatment ratio of almond flour with candlenut flour, which consists of 6 levels such as: 100% : 0%, 80% : 20%, 60% : 40%, 40% : 60%, 20% : 80%, and 0% : 100%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, resulting in 18 experimental units. The data were then analyzed using Analysis of Variance and if the treatment had an effect on the parameter, the Duncan test was performed. The result showed that substitution of almond flour with candlenut flour had a significant effect on water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, swelling, flavor (hedonic), texture (hedonic), taste (scoring) and overall acceptance (hedonic). Substitution of almond flour with candlenut flour 40% had the best characteristics, with 2,40% water content, 2,51% ash content, 9,40% protein content, 18,98% fat content, 66,70% carbohydrate content, 130,81% swelling, color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptance liked, taste candlenut medium and texture very soft.

scholarly journals C Stock of Top Soil and It Spatial Distribution in Mangrove Community of Trimulyo, Semarang City

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Dhita Prasisca Mutiatari ◽  
Rudhi Pribadi ◽  
Nana Kariada Tri Martuti
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
C Stock

Mangrove ecosystem plays important role as carbon sink, not only on mangrove community but also on the top soil. The purposes of this research were 1) to estimates and compare C-stocks in vegetation and non-vegetation mangrove soils (represented by aquaculture ponds and mudflats); 2) modeling the spatial distribution of soil C-stocks in the study area. The purposive sampling method was used to determine 16 sample plots representing vegetation and non-vegetation mangroves. In each plot, the soil samples were taken on top soil layer (0-10 cm). For general display of spatial distribution maps of soil C-stocks, spatial interpolation is used by the Ordinary Kriging method. The result showed that total of soil C-stocks in coastal area of Trimulyo was 148.53 MgC ha-1, with composition of 53.59% in mangrove vegetation, 38.82% and 7.57% in cultivation pond and mudflat, respectively. Statistical analysis with ANOVA test showed no significant difference (ρ = 0.972) between soil C stock in vegetation and non-vegetation mangrove. It shows that the water column on the coast of Trimulyo has great potential as a carbon store.

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