scholarly journals Blood metabolites and fecal starch as indicators of feed efficiency of beef cattle in the feedlot

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1260-1268
Author(s):  
A. Fornazari Neto ◽  
C.E.N. Martins ◽  
E. Schwegler ◽  
J.O.J. Barcellos ◽  
A.L. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Confinement System ◽  
High Feed ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT The use of blood metabolites (BM), fecal starch (FS), and apparent digestion of starch, (ATTSD) as indicators of feed efficiency (FE) in beef cattle in the feedlot was studied. Fourteen bulls were used, originating in an industrial cross, without a defined racial group, with mean body weight of 284.86kg, individually fed, being evaluated in a 42-day confinement system. After the evaluation, the animals were divided into two groups according to the individual FE: high feed efficiency (HE) and low feed efficiency (LE). There was a difference between the groups in the variables FE, feed conversion (FC), final weight (FW), and daily weight gain (DWG). The FE had a positive correlation with DWG, FC, and FW. There was no difference between the groups for the variables BM, FS, and ATTSD, nor was there any correlation between these variables and FE. Considering the feed cost, the HE animals proved more profitable. BM, FS, and ATTSD did not statistically show potential to be used as indicators of FE, despite the evidence of numerical differences of these variables between the different groups, tendency of correlations with FE, and discriminating function with potential assertiveness.

scholarly journals Influence of concentrate levels in diet and body biotypes on productive variables of Guzera beef cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 4305
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Homem Junior ◽  
Marcos Chiquitelli Neto ◽  
Rafael Silvio Bonilha Pinheiro ◽  
William Koury Filho ◽  
Marcelo Estremote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Performance Behavior ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Selection Of

The goal of this study was evaluate diets (50 or 80% of concentrate) and body biotypes (late or early) on performance, behavior, carcass condition, meat quality, and feed cost estimates in feedlot finishing Guzera beef cattle. Use of concentrates in the diet may improve performance and carcass fat scores in ruminant animals, but Guzera beef cattle may be more efficient in forage conversion, which directly influences the economic viability of the production system. We evaluated 32 non-castrated male Guzera beef cattle at 32±2 months of age. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and six replicates in a 2 × 2 factorial design (2 diets × 2 body biotypes). Initial and final body weights were 459.4±31.2 kg and 566.7±40.8 kg, respectively. There was no change (P > 0.05) in dry matter intake, feed conversion, or daily weight gain when the concentrate in the diet was increased to 80%. Animals fed a diet with 80% of concentrate spent less time (P < 0.05) ruminating (17.8±6.3 vs. 6.3±2.7% of the assessed time). Body biotype did not alter the variables. The rise from 50 to 80% in the proportion of dietary concentrate increased carcass fat, with positive returns in the production process, even given the reduction in rumination, which can lead to poor welfare of animals consuming 80% of dietary concentrate. Body biotype did not affect the variables studied, but it is worth emphasizing that the age at slaughter of these animals probably influenced this result. Thus, selection of the best diet should be based on feeding cost, and in accordance with the cost estimated in this study, the diet with 80% of concentrate is the most suitable for feedlot finished Guzera beef cattle.

scholarly journals Response of growing rabbits to graded levels of fermented and unfermented pineapple peel

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
O.A. Adeyemi ◽  
A.O. Ajado ◽  
A.O. Okubanjo ◽  
O.O. Eniolorunda
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Retail Cuts

Forty growing rabbits were allocated equally to five groups in a 2 x 3 factorial layout and caged individually for a 56-day trial period in hutches. They were used to compare the effects of two processing methods (unfermented and fermented) and three dietary replacement levels of Pineapple peel meal (PPM) at 0%, 12.5% and 25% of maize on weight for weight basis. Parameters evaluated during the trial period included: growth rate, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and feed cost. Results show that average daily weight gain (ADG) reduced (P<0.05) as dietary inclusion level of PPM increased, although rabbits fed PPM at 12.5% dietary inclusion level compared favourably (P>0.05) with those fed the control diet (0%). However, ADG of rabbits fed fermented PPM was statistically higher (P<0.05) than that recorded for rabbits fed unfermented PPM. No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in daily feed intake of rabbits as a result of dietary inclusion level or processing type of PPM. Better (P<0.05) feed efficiency was recorded in rabbits fed PPM at 12.5% dietary inclusion level than those fed at 25%. Fermentation enhanced the nutritional value of feedstuff and also improved feed efficiency. Total feed cost reduced (P<0.05) by 21.39% when PPM was included in the diet at 25%. However, production result was not comparable with the control. But feeding fermented PPM at 12.5% inclusion level resulted in the best (P<0.05) economy of production. Processing type or dietary inclusion level of PPM had no significant (P>0.05) effect on dressing-out percentage of experimental animals. There were neither significant (P>0.05) effects of processing type nor dietary inclusion level on retail cuts of the rabbits fed the different experimental diets. In all feeding rabbits with diets containing fermented PPM up to 12.5% replacement level for maize optimum performance.

Effects of Monensin on fattening performance of Sarabi male calves

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
K. Karkoodi ◽  
M. Zahedifar ◽  
S. A. Mirhadi ◽  
S. S. Mirghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Streptomyces Cinnamonensis ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
High Feed

Shortage of feed is the main constraint in livestock industry in Iran. High feed cost encourages the farmers to look for cheaper feeds or somehow reduce the feed conversion ratio in the farms. One of methods which may increase the feed efficiency is using of ionophores in feedlots. Monensin is a polyether ionophore produced by a strain ofStreptomyces cinnamonensisthat improves energetic efficiency of ruminal fermentation (Haney and Hoehn, 1967). There are limited studies to assess the effects of ionophores at farm conditions in Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of monensin on fattening performance of Sarabi male calves. The monensin used in this experiment was supplied by Elanco Company.

scholarly journals The role of selenium in ameliorating the impact of heat stress on growth, hormones, minerals and tibia measurements of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
D. I. Ndubuisi ◽  
O. M. Daudu ◽  
M. Abdulrashid
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Daily Water Intake ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Daily Water

The study was conducted to investigate the potent capacity of selenium to curtail the adverse  effects of heat stress in broiler chickens. A total of 256, day old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were  randomly allotted to four experimental treatments (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mgSe/kg), with four  replicates in a completely randomized design. Initial weight, daily feed intake, daily weight  gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio, daily water intake, feed cost/kg gain, mortality,  serum cortisol and thyroxine levels, calcium, phosphorus and ash levels in tibia bone and  faeces and weight, length and robusticity index of tibia bone were determined. Results  indicated that Initial weight, daily feed intake, daily weight gain, final weight, feed  conversion ratio, daily water intake and mortality were similar (p>0.05) across the treatment  groups and feed cost/kg gain was lower in broilers birds fed 0.3 mgSe/kg. Selenium  supplementation at 0.1 and 0.2 mgSe/kg lowered (p<0.05) cortisol and increased (p>0.05)  thyroxine level, respectively. Mineral deposition in tibia bone was similar (p>0.05), calcium  excretion was higher (p<0.05) in the control group and higher phosphorus was observed in  the faeces of broilers fed the control diet, 0.1 and 0.3 mgSe/kg. Tibia measurements were  similar (p>0.05) in all treatments.     L'étude a été menée pour étudier la puissante capacité du sélénium à réduire les effets  néfastes du stress thermique chez les poulets de chair. Un total de 256 poussins de poulets  Cobb 500 âgés d'un jour ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements expérimentaux (0,  0.1, 0.2 et 0.3 mgSe / kg), avec quatre réplicats dans un plan complètement randomisé. Poids  initial, apport alimentaire quotidien, gain de poids quotidien, poids final, taux de conversion  alimentaire, apport quotidien en eau, coût de l'aliment / gain de kg, mortalité, taux de cortisol  et de thyroxine sériques, taux de calcium, de phosphore et de cendres dans les os et les fèces  du tibia et poids, la longueur et l'indice de robustesse de l'os du tibia ont été déterminés. Les  résultats ont indiqué que le poids initial, l'apport alimentaire quotidien, le gain de poids  quotidien, le poids final, le ratio de conversion alimentaire, l'apport quotidien en eau et la  mortalité étaient similaires (p> 0.05) dans les groupes de traitement et le coût de  l'alimentation / gain en kg était plus faible chez les poulets de chair nourris 0.3 mgSe / kg. Une  supplémentation en sélénium à 0.1 et 0.2 mgSe / kg a abaissé (p <0.05) le cortisol et augmenté  (p> 0.05) le taux de thyroxine, respectivement. Les dépôts de minéraux dans l'os du tibia  étaient similaires (p> 0.05), l'excrétion de calcium était plus élevée (p <0.05) dans le groupe  témoin et une plus grande quantité de phosphore a été observée dans les fèces des poulets de

Genetic parameters and breed differences for feed efficiency, growth, and body composition traits of young beef bulls

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Schenkel ◽  
S. P. Miller ◽  
J. W. Wilton
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beef Bulls

Genetic associations between feed efficiency, growth, and live ultrasound measured body composition traits were studied in purebred beef bulls of six breeds in Ontario bull test stations from 1991 to 2000. Feed traits included average daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and residual feed intake [feed intake adjusted for production alone (RFIp) or production and backfat thickness (RFIb)]. Growth traits were average daily weight gain (ADG), mid-test metabolic weight (MW), hip height (HH), and scrotal circumference (SC). Body composition traits included ultrasound backfat thickness (BF), longissimus muscle area (LMA), and predicted percentage of intramuscular fat (IFAT). Bulls were measured every 28 d for weight and individual feed intake, and at the end of test for ultrasound body composition traits. Number of records per trait ranged from 2284 (FI) to 13 319 (ADG). Fixed effects of test group, breed and end of test age (within breed), and random effects of animal and herd of origin were modeled using REML bivariate analyses for all traits. Heritability estimates were moderate for all traits (0.30 to 0.55), except for IFAT (0.14). The genetic correlation between RFIp and RFIb was high (0.99) within breeds, but breeds ranked differently with respect to RFIp and RFIb. Genetic correlations of RFIb with ADG and backfat thickness were essentially zero, which indicate that selection on residual feed intake could be implemented to reduce feed intake and improve feed conversion without compromising growth or changing levels of subcutaneous fat. Key words: Central test, genetic correlation, heritability, residual feed intake

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE UTILIZATION OF COOKED SOYBEANS AND FISHMEAL-GROUNDNUT CAKE MIXTURE IN DIETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
J. A. Agunbiade ◽  
A. B. Odufuwa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 4 week experiment involving 45 growing albino rats was carried out to assess the nutritional utilization of cooked full-fat soybean (CFFS) as a major source of dietary protein relative to that of the protein concentrates fishmeal-groundnut cake mixture and the response to supplementation of the cooked soybeans with 2g DL-methionine/kg diet and/or 2g L-lysine/kg diet. Feed intake (FI), average daily weight gain (DLG),. feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed cost (FC) per unit live-weight gain, (FC/WG) were measured, No significant effect of the various dietary treatments was observed on PER and FCIWG. However, the incorporation of CFFS either alone or in conjunction with either of both lysine and methionine significantly improved Fl and FCR (P< 0.05) and also DLG (P< 0.01) over the control fish-groundnut meal ration. Supplementation of CFFS with lysine either alone or along with methionine appeared unwarranted as methionine supplementation alone resulted in similar or slightly better efficiency of protein (0.247) and overall feed (0.596) utilization. From the results obtained, it appears that maize-based CFFS diet supplemented with 2 g/kg DL-methionine may be applicable for lion- ruminant feeding. However, since this level of methionine supplementation only provides for 67% of rat requirement, it is suggested that further studies with higher methionine levels be conducted.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of blower and HVLS fan in feedlot to performans of brahman, belmont red and charolais cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 00010
Author(s):  
David Isaac Yasin ◽  
Ma’ruf Tafsin ◽  
Simon P Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Charolais Cattle ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
Cattle Performance

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of heat stress on Brahman Cross cattle performance which is maintained by feedlot with three treatments (non using fan, blower fan and HVLS fan) using split plot design, Giving the fan is treated as the main plot factor, while the cattle is treated as a plot factor factor (sub plot factor). Knowing the financial value of each treatment: feed consumption, daily weight gain, feed conversion, feed cost, cost per gain of Brahman, Belmont red and Charolais is fattened in feedlot. The result showed that using HVLS fan is most effective to cattle performance than blower fan and non using fan for belmont red and charolais cattle.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Karkas Sapi Peranakan Ongole dan Simmental Peranakan Ongole Jantan yang Dipelihara secara Feedlot (Growth and Carcass Production of Ongole Crossbred Cattle and Simmental Ongole Crossbred Cattle Reared in a Feedlot System)

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Da Cruz De Carvalho ◽  
Soeparno (Sueparno) ◽  
Nono Ngadiyono
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Feed Cost

<p>The purpose of the experiment was to determine the growth and carcass production of Ongole grade cattle (PO) and Simmental Ongole (SimPO) crossbred cattle kept in a feedlot system. Six PO cattle and six SimPO crossbred<br />cattle with the respective initial body weight of PO 315.6±39.46 kg and SimPO 368.3±17.81 kg, were kept for 3 months and fed with concentrates, elephant grass, soybean hulls and cassava. At the end of treatment all cattle were<br />slaughtered. The observed variables included feed consumption, feed digestibility, daily weight gain, feed conversion, feed cost per gain, blood urea and blood glucose levels, carcass cuts weight, carcass yield, carcass percentage, carcass<br />component, and meat-bone ratio. The obtained data were analyzed using the t-test. The treatments significantly affected carcass weight and carcass percentage (P&lt;0.05), but it did not affect on feed consumption, feed digestibility, average daily gain, feed conversion, feed cost per gain, blood urea and blood glucose levels, carcass component, and meat-bone ratio. In conclusion, the SimPO crossbred had higher carcass weight and carcass percentage, and the feed cost per gain more efficient compared to PO cattle.</p><p>(Key words: Growth, Carcass, Ongole grade cattle, Simmental Ongole Crossbred cattle, Feedlot)<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals EFISIENSI PRODUKSI SAPI POTONG PADA PETERNAKAN RAKYAT PADA MUSIM KEMARAU DI DAERAH PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Handayanta ◽  
Lutojo Lutojo ◽  
Kurniasih Nurdiati
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmer ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Daily Gain

<p><em>This research was conducted to know the production efficiency of beef cattle in smallholder farmer in a dry farming area at dry season. Research has been started on June and finished on September (dry season) at smallholder farmer in the village Kemejing, Semin subdistrict, district Gunungkidul, DIY. The research materials are 28 heads of beef cattle from 17 farmers, which consist of 10 heads of PO breed, 10 heads of a Simpo breed, and 8 heads of Limpo breed with 292.25 kg of initial body weight. This research was using Participatory Rural Appraisal method which is a collecting data process that an active teamwork between data collector and farmer. Collected parameter are feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency, feed cost per gain (FC/G), and income over feed cost (IOFC). Data resulting from this research are 8.42 kg/head/day of feed intake, 0.19 kg/head/day of ADG, 0.021 of feed efficiency, Rp 46.166,62 of feed cost per gain, and Rp 3.985,55 of income over feed cost. It can be concluded that the efficient production of beef cattle in smallholder farmer at the dry area is low because average daily gain, feed cost per gain and income over feed cost produced are extremely small so if the calculated economic result is less favorable.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Fermented Sago Pulp on Performances and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) Local Sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapa Zahri Ritonga ◽  
Hasnudi ◽  
Iskandar Sembiring ◽  
Tri Hesti Wahyuni ◽  
Nevy Diana Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Mean

This study aims to determine the effect of fermented sago pulp in rations on performance (weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and local sheep's income over feed cost (IOFC). This research was carried out in the community farms of Karang Rejo Village, Stabat District, Langkat Regency. This research started from March to June 2017. The design used was complete randomized design (RAL), with 4 treatment of 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 1 local sheep with an initial weight of 11.05 ± 0.56 kg. The treatment consisted of P1 (50% sago pulp without fermentation + forage), P2 (60% of sago pitch without fermentation + forage), P3 (50% fermented sago pulp + forage), and P4 (60% fermented sago pulp +). The observed variables were performance (body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and income over feed cost (IOFC). The results showed that the treatment of fermented sago pulp gave a very real effect (P <0.01) on daily weight gain. The mean of P1 = 33,05 g, P2 = 39,95 g, P3 = 46,57 g, P4 = 54,38g. The consumption of fermented sago pulp treatment has a real effect (P <0,01). With average P1 = 486,38 g, P2 = 548,68 g, P3 = 604,69 g, P4 = 671,11 gr. Against the conversion of fermented sago pulp fermentation treatment gave a real effect (P <0.05). With average P1 = 14.78, P2 = 13.90, P3 = 12.99, P4 = 12,49. IOFC the highest local sheep is Rp. 121.568 on treatment of P4 and IOFC lowest at treatment P1 equal to Rp.73.315. The conclusion of the research shows that the utilization of fermented sago pulp can increase body weight gain, feed consumption, local sheep feed conversion. P4 treatment economically has a better economic level than P1,P2 and P3.

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