Distribution of selenium in sheep treated with dipheny diselenide

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to report the in vivo distribution of selenium in sheep. For this, animals were allocated into two groups (control group and treated group) and kept in metabolic cages for a period of 37 days. The treated group received a single dose (6µmol/kg) of Diphenyl Diselenide, intravenously. Plasma and erythrocytes samples were collected at different times. Adipose tissue, muscles (latissimusdorsi, semitendinosus, and supra-scapular) heart, liver, lung, kidney, intestine and brain were sampled at 30 days post-treatment, in order to determine the selenium concentration. The results demonstrated that the selenium, from the Diphenyl Diselenide group, was higher in erythrocytes (4.8mg/L, six hours post-treatment) when compared with the control sheep. The deposition of selenium occurred in the liver (7.01µg/g), brain (3.53µg/g) and kidney (2.02µg/g). After 30 days of a single intravenous injection of Diphenyl Diselenide, liver was the main organ of selenium deposition.

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Liver, Kidney Function Tests and Oxidative Damage During and after Treatment of Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Experimental Local Rabbits

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.v9i4.14536 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Mustafa Salah Hasan ◽

Ayman Barzan Abdulgafor ◽

Maher Saber Owain ◽

Mohammed Ali Hussein ◽

Qusay Mohammed Aboud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Infected Group ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Kidney Damage ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Group 5 ◽

Group 2

This study aimed to evaluate the liver, kidney damage caused by S. typhimurium and to estimate the oxidative damage in association with this bacteria. A highly virulent isolates of S. typhimurium were obtained from the department of internal and preventive medicine/ College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Baghdad. A twenty five local rabbits of both genders with age range (2-4 months) weeks old were used for this study, the rabbits were divided randomly into five groups each group contains 5 rabbits :- group 1: drenched orally with 5 ml of normal saline and consider as control group, group 2: were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium and regarded as infected group, group 3 were drenched orally with (5 ml) suspension which have (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of gentamicin alone at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation), group 4 were drenched (5 ml) suspension having (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of Ca-EDTA alone at 40mg/kg orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and group 5 were drenched (5 ml) suspension that contain (5��109 CFU) of Salmonella typhimurium then treated with a single dose of combined gentamicin at 0.05ml/kg (5mg/ml) orally after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation) and Ca-EDTA 40mg/kg after presence of signs (after 24hrs. post inoculation).The results of biochemical profile showed a significant increase (p less than 0.05) in ALT, creatinine and urea levels in infected group as compared with control group, while, the treated groups especially group 5 showed a significant improvement in ALT, Urea and creatinine levels which returned to relative normal levels as compared with infected group after 96hrs. post treatment. Also, the results of oxidative stress showed a significant increase in the levels of MDA in G2, G3, G4 and G5 after 48 hrs. post treatment, while the level of GSH showed a significant decrease in the level at 48hrs., both were returned to relative normal levels after 96hrs.post treatment especially in group 5.In conclusion, S. typhimurium can causing liver and kidney damage which is manifested by increase ALT, Urea and Creatinine. Also, MDA and GSH is increased due to salmonellosis.

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Ethanol Extract of Achillea fragrantissima Enhances Angiogenesis through Stimulation of VEGF Production

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530321666201230113018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Hana M. Hammad ◽

Amer Imraish ◽

Maysa Al-Hussaini ◽

Malek Zihlif ◽

Amani A. Harb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Achillea Fragrantissima

Objective: Achillea fragrantissima L. (Asteraceae) is a traditionally used medicinal herb in the rural communities of Jordan. Methods: The present study evaluated the efficacy of the ethanol extract of this species on angiogenesis in both, ex vivo using rat aortic ring assay and in vivo using rat excision wound model. Results: In concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, the ethanol extract showed angiogenic stimulatory effect and significantly increased length of capillary protrusions around aorta rings of about 60% in comparison to those of untreated aorta rings. In MCF-7 cells, the ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima stimulates the production of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. 1% and 5% of ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima containing vaseline based ointment was applied on rat excision wounds for six days and was found to be effective in wound healing and maturation of the scar. Both preparations resulted in better wound healing when compared to the untreated control group and vaseline-treated group. This effect was comparable to that induced by MEBO, the positive control. Conclusion: The results indicate that A. fragrantissima has a pro-angiogenic effect, which may act through the VEGF signaling pathway.

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Cold Plasma Treatment Promotes Full-thickness Healing of Skin Wounds in Murine Models

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds ◽

10.1177/15347346211002144 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153473462110021

Author(s):

Joon M. Jung ◽

Hae K. Yoon ◽

Chang J. Jung ◽

Soo Y. Jo ◽

Sang G. Hwang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Plasma Treatment ◽

Cold Plasma ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Skin Wound Healing

Cold plasma can be beneficial for promoting skin wound healing and has a high potential of being effectively used in treating various wounds. Our aim was to verify the effect of cold plasma in accelerating wound healing and investigate its underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo experiments, 2 full-thickness dermal wounds were created in each mouse (n = 30). While one wound was exposed to 2 daily plasma treatments for 3 min, the other wound served as a control. The wounds were evaluated by imaging and histological analyses at 4, 7, and 11 days post the wound infliction process. Immunohistochemical studies were also performed at the same time points. In vitro proliferation and scratch assay using HaCaT keratinocytes and fibroblasts were performed. The expression levels of wound healing–related genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. On day 7, the wound healing rates were 53.94% and 63.58% for the control group and the plasma-treated group, respectively. On day 11, these rates were 76.05% and 93.44% for the control and plasma-treated groups, respectively, and the difference between them was significant ( P = .039). Histological analysis demonstrated that plasma treatment promotes the formation of epidermal keratin and granular layers. Immunohistochemical studies also revealed that collagen 1, collagen 3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin appeared more abundantly in the plasma-treated group than in the control group. In vitro, the proliferation of keratinocytes was promoted by plasma exposure. Scratch assay showed that fibroblast exposure to plasma increased their migration. The expression levels of collagen 1, collagen 3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin were elevated upon plasma treatment. In conclusion, cold plasma can accelerate skin wound healing and is well tolerated.

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In vivo evaluation of a recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase formulated in a hydrogel using a murine model infected with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate, CCASUP2

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-021-01269-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Masarra M. Sakr ◽

Walid F. Elkhatib ◽

Khaled M. Aboshanab ◽

Eman M. Mantawy ◽

Mahmoud A. Yassien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Murine Model ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Healing Process ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

In Vivo Evaluation ◽

Systemic Spread

AbstractFailure in the treatment of P. aeruginosa, due to its broad spectrum of resistance, has been associated with increased patient mortality. One alternative approach for infection control is quorum quenching which was found to decrease virulence of such pathogen. In this study, the efficiency of a recombinant Ahl-1 lactonase formulated as a hydrogel was investigated to control the infection of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa infected burn using a murine model. The recombinant N-acylhomoserine lactonase (Ahl-1) was formulated as a hydrogel. To test its ability to control the infection of MDR P. aeruginosa, a thermal injury model was used. Survival rate, and systemic spread of the infection were evaluated. Histopathological examination of the animal dorsal skin was also done for monitoring the healing and cellular changes at the site of infection. Survival rate in the treated group was 100% relative to 40% in the control group. A decrease of up to 3 logs of bacterial count in the blood samples of the treated animals relative to the control group and a decrease of up to 4 logs and 2.3 logs of bacteria in lung and liver samples, respectively were observed. Histopathological examination revealed more enhanced healing process in the treated group. Accordingly, by promoting healing of infected MDR P. aeruginosa burn and by reducing systemic spread of the infection as well as decreasing mortality rate, Ahl-1 hydrogel application is a promising strategy that can be used to combat and control P. aeruginosa burn infections.

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Sulfasalazine modifies metabolic profiles and enhances cisplatin chemosensitivity on cholangiocarcinoma cells in in vitro and in vivo models

Cancer & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s40170-021-00249-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Malinee Thanee ◽

Sureerat Padthaisong ◽

Manida Suksawat ◽

Hasaya Dokduang ◽

Jutarop Phetcharaburanin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Redox Regulation ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

High Recurrence Rate ◽

Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Tryptophan Degradation ◽

Xenograft Mice

Abstract Background Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is widely known as an xCT inhibitor suppressing CD44v9-expressed cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) being related to redox regulation. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has a high recurrence rate and no effective chemotherapy. A recent report revealed high levels of CD44v9-positive cells in CCA patients. Therefore, a combination of drugs could prove a suitable strategy for CCA treatment via individual metabolic profiling. Methods We examined the effect of xCT-targeted CD44v9-CSCs using sulfasalazine combined with cisplatin (CIS) or gemcitabine in CCA in vitro and in vivo models and did NMR-based metabolomics analysis of xenograft mice tumor tissues. Results Our findings suggest that combined SSZ and CIS leads to a higher inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell death than CIS alone in both in vitro and in vivo models. Xenograft mice showed that the CD44v9-CSC marker and CK-19-CCA proliferative marker were reduced in the combination treatment. Interestingly, different metabolic signatures and significant metabolites were observed in the drug-treated group compared with the control group that revealed the cancer suppression mechanisms. Conclusions SSZ could improve CCA therapy by sensitization to CIS through killing CD44v9-positive cells and modifying the metabolic pathways, in particular tryptophan degradation (i.e., kynurenine pathway, serotonin pathway) and nucleic acid metabolism.

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Anti-Obesity and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) in SD Rats and in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes Models

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26020331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 331

Author(s):

Jung-Yun Lee ◽

Tae Yang Kim ◽

Hanna Kang ◽

Jungbae Oh ◽

Joo Woong Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Body Weight ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽

Sd Rats ◽

Adipogenic Gene

Excess body weight is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated metabolic complications, and weight loss has been shown to improve glycemic control and decrease morbidity and mortality in T2D patients. Weight-loss strategies using dietary interventions produce a significant decrease in diabetes-related metabolic disturbance. We have previously reported that the supplementation of low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) significantly inhibited blood glucose levels in both animals and humans. However, the effect of GO2KA1 on obesity still remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of GO2KA1 on lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro and plasma lipid profiles using a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated to differentiate under the adipogenic stimulation in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of GO2KA1. Adipocyte differentiation was confirmed by Oil Red O staining of lipids and the expression of adipogenic gene expression. Compared to control group, the cells treated with GO2KA1 significantly decreased in intracellular lipid accumulation with concomitant decreases in the expression of key transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBP/α). Consistently, the mRNA expression of downstream adipogenic target genes such as fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid synthase (FAS), were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group. In vivo, male SD rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induced obesity, followed by oral administration of GO2KA1 at 0.1 g/kg/body weight or vehicle control in HFD. We assessed body weight, food intake, plasma lipids, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) for liver function, and serum level of adiponectin, a marker for obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome. Compared to control group GO2KA1 significantly suppressed body weight gain (185.8 ± 8.8 g vs. 211.6 ± 20.1 g, p < 0.05) with no significant difference in food intake. The serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group, whereas the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was higher in the GO2KA1 group. The GO2KA1-treated group also showed a significant reduction in ALT and AST levels compared to the control. Moreover, serum adiponectin levels were significantly 1.5-folder higher than the control group. These in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that dietary supplementation of GO2KA1 may prevent diet-induced weight gain and the anti-obesity effect is mediated in part by inhibiting adipogenesis and increasing adiponectin level.

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A Metabolomic Approach for the In Vivo Study of Gold Nanospheres and Nanostars after a Single-Dose Intravenous Administration to Wistar Rats

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9111606 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1606 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Enea ◽

Araújo ◽

Almeida ◽

Soares ◽

Gonçalves-Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Intravenous Administration ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Control Group ◽

Gold Nanospheres ◽

Gold Nanostars ◽

Different Types ◽

Metabolomic Approach

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are promising nanoplatforms for drug therapy, diagnostic and imaging. However, biological comparison studies for different types of AuNPs fail in consistency due to the lack of sensitive methods to detect subtle differences in the expression of toxicity. Therefore, innovative and sensitive approaches such as metabolomics are much needed to discriminate toxicity, specially at low doses. The current work aims to compare the in vivo toxicological effects of gold nanospheres versus gold nanostars (of similar ~40 nm diameter and coated with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) 24 h after an intravenous administration of a single dose (1.33 × 1011 AuNPs/kg) to Wistar rats. The biodistribution of both types of AuNPs was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. The metabolic effects of the AuNPs on their main target organ, the liver, were analyzed using a GC-MS-based metabolomic approach. Conventional toxicological endpoints, including the levels of ATP and reduced and oxidized glutathione, were also investigated. The results show that AuNPs preferentially accumulate in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the spleen and lungs. In other organs (kidney, heart, brain), Au content was below the limit of quantification. Reduced glutathione levels increased for both nanospheres and nanostars in the liver, but ATP levels were unaltered. Multivariate analysis showed a good discrimination between the two types of AuNPs (sphere- versus star-shaped nanoparticles) and compared to control group. The metabolic pathways involved in the discrimination were associated with the metabolism of fatty acids, pyrimidine and purine, arachidonic acid, biotin, glycine and synthesis of amino acids. In conclusion, the biodistribution, toxicological, and metabolic profiles of gold nanospheres and gold nanostars were described. Metabolomics proved to be a very useful tool for the comparative study of different types of AuNPs and raised awareness about the pathways associated to their distinct biological effects.

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In Vivo Antiviral Effects of U18666A Against Type I Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9010067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 67 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tomoyoshi Doki ◽

Tomoyo Tarusawa ◽

Tsutomu Hohdatsu ◽

Tomomi Takano

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus ◽

Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽

Amphiphilic Drug ◽

Antiviral Effects

Background: The cationic amphiphilic drug U18666A inhibits the proliferation of type I FIPV in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo antiviral effects of U18666A by administering it to SPF cats challenged with type I FIPV. Methods: Ten SPF cats were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. FIPV KU-2 were inoculated intraperitoneally to cats. The control group was administered PBS, and the U18666A-treated group was administered U18666A subcutaneously at 2.5 mg/kg on day 0, and 1.25 mg/kg on days 2 and 4 after viral inoculation. Results: Two of the five control cats administered PBS alone developed FIP. Four of the five cats administered U18666A developed no signs of FIP. One cat that temporarily developed fever, had no other clinical symptoms, and no gross lesion was noted on an autopsy after the end of the experiment. The FIPV gene was detected intermittently in feces and saliva regardless of the development of FIP or administration of U18666A. Conclusions: When U18666A was administered to cats experimentally infected with type I FIPV, the development of FIP might be suppressed compared with the control group. However, the number of animals with FIP is too low to establish anti-viral effect of U18666A in cats.

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Renin dynamics in adipose tissue: adipose tissue control of local renin concentrations

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.90693.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (2) ◽

pp. E343-E350 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jason D. Fowler ◽

Stacy B. Krueth ◽

David A. Bernlohr ◽

Stephen A. Katz

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Treated Group ◽

Rat Plasma ◽

High Plasma ◽

Tissue Growth

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in a variety of adipose tissue functions, including tissue growth, differentiation, metabolism, and inflammation. Although expression of all components necessary for a locally derived adipose tissue RAS has been demonstrated within adipose tissue, independence of local adipose RAS component concentrations from corresponding plasma RAS fluctuations has not been addressed. To analyze this, we varied in vivo rat plasma concentrations of two RAS components, renin and angiotensinogen (AGT), to determine the influence of their plasma concentrations on adipose and cardiac tissue levels in both perfused (plasma removed) and nonperfused samples. Variation of plasma RAS components was accomplished by four treatment groups: normal, DOCA salt, bilateral nephrectomy, and losartan. Adipose and cardiac tissue AGT concentrations correlated positively with plasma values. Perfusion of adipose tissue decreased AGT concentrations by 11.1%, indicating that adipose tissue AGT was in equilibrium with plasma. Cardiac tissue renin levels positively correlated with plasma renin concentration for all treatments. In contrast, adipose tissue renin levels did not correlate with plasma renin, with the exception of extremely high plasma renin concentrations achieved in the losartan-treated group. These results suggest that adipose tissue may control its own local renin concentration independently of plasma renin as a potential mechanism for maintaining a functional local adipose RAS.

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Effects of Hydrocortisone on the Yield and Bactericidal Function of Granulocytes Collected by Continuous-flow Centrifugation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v44.3.435.435 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 435-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mamoru Shoji ◽

William R. Vogler

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Treated Group ◽

Flow Cell ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Single Intravenous Injection ◽

Cell Separator ◽

Bactericidal Function

Abstract The usefulness of granulocyte transfusions is in part dependent upon the number of granulocytes transfused. The invention of the continuous-flow cell separator has made it possible to obtain granulocytes from normal donors. Efforts to improve the yield are under study. This controlled study was undertaken to determine the effect of a single dose of hydrocortisone on granulocyte yield from volunteer donors and on granulocyte bactericidal function. Twenty-two normal volunteers were randomized between no therapy or a single intravenous injection of 120 mg/sq m of hydrocortisone 2 hr prior to initiation of a 4-hr leukapheresis using the Aminco cell separator operated at 750 rpm and a flow rate of 41 ml/min. Significant increases in granulocyte yield and reductions in lymphocyte and monocyte yields were obtained in the hydrocortisone-treated group. Granulocytes from each group were equally effective in the phagocytosis of yeast particles and in vitro bactericidal activity.

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