scholarly journals Competency-based Learning in Higher Mathematics Education as a Cluster of Efficient Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (56) ◽  
pp. 1113-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Kytmanov ◽  
Michael V. Noskov ◽  
Konstantin V. Safonov ◽  
Marina V. Savelyeva ◽  
Victoria A. Shershneva

Abstract This paper presents the research results of what the process of mathematics tеaching should be under the competency-based approach allowing the development of a university student's mathematical competency. It indicates that integrative structure of mathematical competency containing cognitive, practical, motivational and value-based, reflexive and assessment-based components, updates the polyparadigm approach in teaching mathematics as an open cluster of approaches; their integrated utilization under the leading role of competency-based approach contributes to developing all mathematical competency components. It justifies that competency-based, context-based, interdisciplinary, discipline-based and information technology approaches and fundamentalization play a critical part in the polyparadigm approach; the integrated utilization of all approaches results in a synergetic effect. Within this framework the basic principles of competency-based mathematics teaching as well as a coherent system to select the content of mathematics teaching for engineering educational institution students are developed.

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Изабелла Федоровна Дементьева ◽  
Татьяна Сергеевна Борисова

Исследования российских и зарубежных ученых показывают, что распространенность агрессивного поведения детей в школьной среде в последние годы имеет тенденцию к росту. Пространство образовательной организации перестает быть безопасным, несмотря на принимаемые меры по его обеспечению: установка турникетов, металлоискателей, наличие охраны, создание школьной службы медиации (разрешения конфликтов) и т. п. Анализируется понятие и содержание агрессивного поведения. Проблема агрессии в образовательном учреждении рассматривается с позиции насильственных действий как по отношению к учащимся, так и по отношению к педагогам и к образовательной организации в целом. Крайним выражением агрессии и жестокости, как показывают реалии сегодняшнего дня, стали случаи нападения на школы и массового насилия со стороны учеников, сопровождаемые гибелью в равной мере детей и учителей. В этих условиях особую значимость приобретает роль учителя как носителя модели социального поведения в школе. Однако в ряде случаев именно учитель может вызывать агрессивные действия учеников, неправомерно используя вербальные средства для выражения своей неприязни к обучающимся, оскорбляя их достоинство. На основе результатов научных исследований анализируются проявления агрессивности в школьном социуме, определяются факторы, провоцирующие агрессию подростков. Делается вывод, что в формировании агрессивных намерений подростка-школьника ведущую роль играют межличностные отношения. Поэтому в образовательной среде важно создание такой модели взаимодействия субъектов воспитания, которая будет обеспечивать наиболее оптимальное сочетание их позиций и интересов. The prevalence of aggressive behavior of children in the school environment in recent years has a tendency to increase. The space of the educational organization is no longer safe, despite the measures taken to ensure it: the installation of turnstiles, metal detectors, the presence of security, the creation of a school mediation service (conflict resolution), etc. The article analyzes the concept and content of aggressive behavior. The problem of aggression in an educational institution is considered from the position of violent actions both in relation to students, and in relation to teachers and the educational organization as a whole. The extreme expression of aggression and cruelty, as today’s realities show, are cases of attacks on schools and mass violence by students, accompanied by the death of children and teachers alike. Under these conditions, the role of a teacher as a carrier of a model of social behavior in school is of particular importance. However, in some cases, the teacher can cause the pupils to act aggressively by illegally using verbal means to express their hostility towards students insulting their dignity. Based on the results of scientific research, the article analyzes the manifestations of aggressiveness in school society, identifies the factors that provoke aggression of adolescents. It is concluded that interpersonal relationships play a leading role in the formation of aggressive intentions of a teenage schoolchild. Therefore, in the educational environment it is important to create such a model of interaction between the subjects of education, which will provide the most optimal combination of their positions and interests.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 5765-5771

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a leading role in the formation of the soil structure. However, the mechanisms of that formation are still debatable. We proposed that the combined action of two types of SOM - labile polyelectrolytes released by soil biota (flocculant) and highly transformed polyelectrolytes - humic substances (modifiers of soil mineral particles) has a synergetic effect and may be a key process that leads to the aggregation of mineral particles in soils. Humic substances adsorbing on mineral surfaces play a role of anchors that link clay particles with a flocculant and facilitate the aggregation. Different mechanisms of SOM interaction with minerals are considered. Our hypothesis was confirmed by rheological studies of model clay and sand systems with/without addition of humic acids and chitosan (flocculant). Comparison of model systems with real soils indicated the role of OM as well as other factors (clay content, humidity) in the soil aggregates formation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanchenko ◽  
Oksana Melnikova ◽  
Svetlana Malakhova ◽  
Alexander Prokopchenko

Timely adaptation of first-year students to new living conditions and educational activities is one of the most important challenges of high school. The objective of the research was to study and analyze the problems of adaptation to high school experienced by Ukrainian and foreign first-year students of the Department of Medicine. The questionnaires offered to students showed that the main adaptation difficulties arise in the educational sphere. At the end of the first term, most students positively assessed the degree of their adaptability and noted the leading role of groupmates and friends in its formation. The possible directions of higher educational institution activity facilitating the process of adaptation of first-year students to high school were analyzed. According to the results of the questionnaire survey which indicated that the main difficulties were a lack of leisure time and academic overload, there is a need to optimize academic overload, as well as to inform psychologists, curators and lecturers about the formation of students’ ability to rationally schedule their time and the development of independent working skills.


2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Н. В. Фрадкіна

The purpose and tasks of the work are to analyze the contemporary Ukrainian mass culture in terms of its value and humanistic components, as well as the importance of cultural studies and Ukrainian studies in educational disciplines for the formation of a holistic worldview of modern youth.Analysis of research and publications. Scientists repeatedly turned to the problems of the role of spirituality in the formation of society and its culture. This problem is highlighted in the publications by O. Losev, V. Lytvyn, D. Likhachev, S. Avierintsev, M. Zakovych, I. Stepanenko and E. Kostyshyn.Experts see the main negative impact of mass culture on the quality approach, which determines mass culture through the market, because mass culture, from our point of view, is everything that is sold and used in mass demand.One of the most interesting studies on this issue was the work by the representatives of Frankfurt School M. Horkheimer and T. Adorno «Dialectics of Enlightenment» (1947), devoted to a detailed analysis of mass culture. Propaganda at all socio-cultural levels in the form is similar in both totalitarian and democratic countries. It is connected, according to the authors, with the direction of European enlightenment. The tendency to unify people is a manifestation of the influence of mass culture, from cinema to pop. Mass culture is a phenomenon whose existence is associated with commerce (accumulation in any form – this is the main feature of education), in general, the fact that it exists in this form is related to the direction of the history of civilization.Modern mass culture, with its externally attractive and easily assimilated ideas and symbols, appealing to the trends of modern fashion, becomes a standard of prestigious consumption, does not require intense reflection, allows you to relax, distract, not teach, but entertains, preaches hedonism as the main spiritual value. And as a consequence, there are socio-cultural risks: an active rejection of other people, which leads to the formation of indifference; cruelty as a character trait; increase of violent and mercenary crime; increase in the number of alcohol and drug addicts; anti-patriotism; indifference to the values of the family and as a result of social orphanhood and prostitution.Conclusions, perspectives of research. Thus, we can conclude that modern Ukrainian education is predominantly formed by the values of mass culture. Namely, according to the «Dialectic» by Horkheimer and Adorno, «semi-enlightenment becomes an objective spirit» of our modern society.It is concluded that only high-quality education can create the opposite of the onset of mass culture and the destruction of spirituality in our society. It is proved that only by realizing the importance of cultivating disciplines in the educational process and the spiritual upbringing of the nation, through educational reforms, humanitarian knowledge will gradually return to student audiences.Formation of youth occurs under the influence of social environment, culture, education and self-education. The optimal combination of these factors determines both the process of socialization itself and how successful it will be. In this context, one can see the leading role of education and upbringing. It turns out that the main task of modern education is to spread its influence on the development of spiritual culture of the individual, which eventually becomes a solid foundation for the formation of the individual. Such a subject requires both philosophical and humanitarian approaches in further integrated interdisciplinary research, since the availability of such research will provide the theoretical foundation for truly modern educational and personal development.


1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADELEINE LY-TIO-FANE

SUMMARY The recent extensive literature on exploration and the resulting scientific advances has failed to highlight the contribution of Austrian enterprise to the study of natural history. The leading role of Joseph II among the neutral powers which assumed the carrying trade of the belligerents during the American War of Independence, furthered the development of collections for the Schönbrunn Park and Gardens which had been set up on scientific principles by his parents. On the conclusion of peace, Joseph entrusted to Professor Maerter a world-encompassing mission in the course of which the Chief Gardener Franz Boos and his assistant Georg Scholl travelled to South Africa to collect plants and animals. Boos pursued the mission to Isle de France and Bourbon (Mauritius and Reunion), conveyed by the then unknown Nicolas Baudin. He worked at the Jardin du Roi, Pamplemousses, with Nicolas Cere, or at Palma with Joseph Francois Charpentier de Cossigny. The linkage of Austrian and French horticultural expertise created a situation fraught with opportunities which were to lead Baudin to the forefront of exploration and scientific research as the century closed in the upheaval of the Revolutionary Wars.


2020 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Andrey Ivanovich Shutenko ◽  
◽  
Elena Nikolaevn Shutenko ◽  
Julia Petrovna Derevyanko ◽  
◽  
...  

The article is devoted to the problem of educational communications development as a sphere of implementation of modern information-communication technologies in the higher education system. The purpose of the article is to present the structure and functions of educational communications aimed at the development of personal potential and self-realization of students. Methodology. The study is based on the methodology of personal and communicative-informational approaches in education, psychological-pedagogical provisions on the structure of communication, the leading role of learning activity, didactic principles of building an educational-informational environment. In theoretical terms, the study is based on the idea of the indirect implementation of ICT in education through the development of educational communications. The developing structure of educational communications, including didactic, informational-gnostic, interactive, psychological, attractive-motivational, value-semantic components, is presented. The possibilities of developing personal potential in educational communications are considered. The author’s developmental model of ICT functions is presented, which includes clusters of actual and latent functions aimed at the formation of information-educational space for the development of students’ personal potential. In conclusion, a inference was made about the prospects of the indirect introduction of modern ICT as tools for the development and functioning of various educational communications. At the same time, it is essential that these communications perform psychological and pedagogical tasks and functions.


Author(s):  
Rajeev Kaushal

The precious possession of any educational institution worth its name is the treasure of knowledge and skills which it imparts to the educands in the hope that this very treasure proves to be valuable for them in every walk of life. The treasure of values serves as the springboard for determining the various aims of education. In fact, values act as the cornerstone of entire educational process whatsoever be the field. However, it is a matter of grave concern that the monetary value of education is escalating and its moral value is dwindling day by day. It won’t be an exaggeration to say that the real cause and worth of education are plummeting with each passing day. As per the current scenario, there is dire need of instilling moral and ethical values in all those who are related to the field of education and this necessitates the inclusion of value based education the prime onus of which lies on the shoulders of none other than the teacher who is undoubtedly the maker of a nation's destiny.The present paper reflects upon the significance and need of value education and also throws light on how can moral and ethical values be inculcated in students at various levels of education besides giving valuable suggestions pertaining to the use of same in the field of Teaching and Pre-service Teacher Education programme.


Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1515
Author(s):  
Marissa L. Parrott ◽  
Leanne V. Wicker ◽  
Amanda Lamont ◽  
Chris Banks ◽  
Michelle Lang ◽  
...  

Modern zoos are increasingly taking a leading role in emergency management and wildlife recovery. In the face of climate change and the predicted increase in frequency and magnitude of catastrophic events, zoos provide specialised expertise to assist wildlife welfare and endangered species recovery. In the 2019–2020 Australian bushfire season, now called Australia’s Black Summer, a state government-directed response was developed, assembling specialised individuals and organisations from government, non-government organisations, research institutions, and others. Here, we detail the role of Zoos Victoria staff in wildlife triage and welfare, threatened species evacuation and recovery, media and communications, and fundraising during and after the fires. We share strategies for future resilience, readiness, and the ability to mobilise quickly in catastrophic events. The development of triage protocols, emergency response kits, emergency enclosures, and expanded and new captive breeding programs is underway, as are programs for care of staff mental health and nature-based community healing for people directly affected by the fires. We hope this account of our response to one of the greatest recent threats to Australia’s biodiversity, and steps to prepare for the future will assist other zoos and wildlife organisations around the world in preparations to help wildlife before, during, and after catastrophic events.


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