scholarly journals Comparison of Reading Performance in Students with Developmental Dyslexia by Sex

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (68) ◽  
pp. 306-313
Author(s):  
Adriana Marques de Oliveira ◽  
Giseli Donadon Germano ◽  
Simone Aparecida Capellini
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
5Th Grade ◽  
Dyslexic Students

Abstract: This study aims to compare the performance of male and female dyslexic students in tests of reading words and pseudowords, and comprehension of sentences and texts. The participants were forty-eight students with dyslexia, attending 3rd grade to 5th grade of elementary school (age range 8 to 12 years old), from public and private schools, divided into: GI - 14 girls and GII - 34 boys. The researchers applied tests of Reading process assessment: reading of words, reading of pseudowords, comprehension of sentences, and comprehension of texts. The results showed evidence of difference by sex in reading of low frequency words and sentence comprehension. It was concluded that the discussion on the difference between dyslexic students by sex could be relevant in the educational context, as among the five variables, two provided information for promoting further discussion on the subject, highlighting the importance of further studies.

scholarly journals Miskonsepsi guru sekolah dasar pada konsep bunyi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Anatri Desstya ◽  
Fitri April Yanti ◽  
Anip Dwi Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Concept Understanding ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Age Range

Elementary school teachers are one of the sources of student’s misconceptions, so their understanding needs to be identified. However, the process of identifying the understanding of the concept of science is still small and only on certain materia. This study was aimed to investigate elementary school teacher's understanding of sound concepts. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive type. The research data are sourced from elementary school teachers' answers to questions about the concept of high and low sounds, in the form of a teacher's justification for the statement of questions presented along with the discussion. The population was all grade 4 elementary school teachers in Surakarta (120 teacher), the sample of 30 teachers from public and private elementary schools, the status accreditation A and B, with a purposive random sampling technique. The sample taken consisted of teachers in the age range of 30 to 60 years, 11 male teachers and 19 female teachers, and 50% were certified educators. Data collection techniques are carried out by providing diagnostic tests of misconceptions on the subject of the concept of high and low sounds. Data analysis technique refers to the category of concept understanding formulated by Tuysuz (2009), which is understanding, misconception, not understanding, and guessing. The results showed that in understanding the concept of high and low sounds 1.11% of teachers understood the concept well, 71.11% of teachers did not understand the concept, 26.67% of teachers experienced misconceptions, and 1.11% of teachers guessed.

scholarly journals Reactivation of unaccusative and unergative verbs in Mandarin

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-252
Author(s):  
Yowyu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Lexical Priming ◽  
Object Position ◽  
Single Argument ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs ◽  
Limited Support ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Intransitives can be classified into two subclasses: unaccusative verbs and unergative verbs. According to the Unaccusative Hypothesis, the difference between unaccusatives and unergatives lies in where the single argument is generated in the underlying syntactic structure. Subjects of unaccusative verbs are base-generated in the object position and moved to the subject positions. Subjects of unergative verbs, however, are external and thus are not resulted from arguments moving from the object position. If the Unaccusative Hypothesis is correct, a trace is left at the original place for unaccusative verbs when movement occurs but no trace for unergative verbs. Friedmann et al. (2008) used the cross-modal lexical priming paradigm to examine the Unaccusative Hypothesis but their results could only lend limited support for the Unaccusative Hypothesis. Since the argument of Mandarin unaccusative verbs can occur preverbally and postverbally, it offers us a balanced testing ground to re-examine reactivation during sentence comprehension. Results of the current study lend support for the Unaccusative Hypothesis. When the argument occurred preverbally, a V-shaped line was observed. An inverted V-shaped line was observed when the argument occurred postverbally. For unergative verbs, the line showed a decay of reactivation.

The Running Memory Span for Words

1964 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Postman ◽  
Thomas W. Turnage ◽  
Albert Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Memory Span ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Recent Part ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relative Decline

This experiment investigates the running memory span for English words of high and of low frequency of usage. The running memory span is measured when a sequence of uncertain length is interrupted and the subject is required to recall the most recent part of the message. The span for the two classes of words was studied as a function of the length of the message and amount of prior practice. In the early stages of practice the span varied inversely with frequency of usage and increased with the length of the message. As practice continued, the difference between words of high and low frequency was largely eliminated and there was a relative decline in the span for the longest series. The major variables which are assumed to determine the length in the span are (a) the number and strength of pre-experimental associations of the items; (b) intraserial and interserial interferences developed during exposure to the series, and (c) the subjects' strategies of deliberate rehearsal.

scholarly journals Perceived effects of coloured overlays on reading material in persons with albinism

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Makgaba ◽  
O. A. Oduntan
Keyword(s):  
Reading Performance ◽  
Oculocutaneous Albinism ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Reading Material ◽  
Colored Filter ◽  
Glare Reduction ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Rate Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Persons with albinism often complain of glare when reading. They may therefore benefit from coloured filter overlays just as they benefit from tinted lenses. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectof coloured overlays on print perception in persons with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA).   Fifty subjects were included in this study, their ages ranged from 12 to 31 years with a mean of 16.12 years (SD = ± 4.56 years).  Following refraction and subsequent compensation for refractive errors, subjective perception of print was examined with the subject looking at the Wilkins® reading rate test chart with and without colored filter overlay/s.  The subjects were asked to respond to questions previously used in a questionnaire by Wilkins (2001). The percentage frequencies of positive (beneficial) responses were used to decide whether or not a particular overlay would enhance reading performance.  McNemar’s test was used to establish significant differences between responses to questions without and with overlays. All single overlays gave greater percentages of positive responses (92.0-97.2%) than without overlay (85.2%).  The single overlay that provided the highest positive responses was blue (97.2%) and the least was purple (92.0%). All double overlays, except grey/grey (82.0%) gave greater positive responses than without overlay (85.2%). Aqua/blue gave the greatest positive responses (possible benefits) (97.2%), followed by rose/rose (96.8%).  Comparing the responses without overlay with single and double overlays, the difference in responses to the five questions was only significant (p < 0.05) with regard to brightness of the surface. The results suggest that overlays provided a more glare-free reading surface than without an overlay. It was, therefore concluded that the best advantage of the coloured overlays was in glare reduction.  Although this study showed that there were more subjects who preferred single blue and aqua/blue double overlays, inter-subject preference for overlays varied, therefore the best overlay should be established for every patient for whom overlay is to be prescribed.

scholarly journals Reliability, Validity and Standardization of the Reading Test: Sentence Comprehension

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas de Araújo Vilhena ◽  
Ângela Maria Vieira Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Reading Ability ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Test Sentence ◽  
Reading Test ◽  
Sentence Reading ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
5Th Grade ◽  
State Schools

Abstract The test called ‘Reading Test: Sentence Comprehension (TELCS)’ has been validated and standardized. Participants (N = 1289, 2nd to 5th grade, 7 to 11-years-old) were stratified in 15 state-schools in Brazil. The TELCS demonstrated reliability and validity to classify reading performance by both school grade and chronological age. Correlations between the TELCS and a General Reading Composite score were high, as were those with reading accuracy rates of word and pseudoword. Cluster analysis suggested a five-class solution: reading disability, below, average, above, and high reading performance. For individual or collective use, TELCS can quickly screen the sentence reading ability, useful to identify those who might need additional support.

Learning Language Levels in Students Accurate with a History Academic Achievement History

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Noorlela Binti Noordin ◽  
Abdul Razaq Ahmad ◽  
Anuar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Statistical Inference ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Language Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Learning Language ◽  
The Relationship

This study was aimed to evaluate the Malay proficiency among students in Form Two especially non-Malay students and its relationship to academic achievement History. To achieve the purpose of the study there are two objectives, the first is to look at the difference between mean of Malay Language test influences min of academic achievement of History subject among non-Malay students in Form Two and the second is the relationship between the level of Malay proficiency and their academic achievement for History. This study used quantitative methods, which involved 100 people of Form Two non-Malay students in one of the schools in Klang, Selangor. This study used quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical inference with IBM SPSS Statistics v22 software. This study found that there was a relationship between the proficiency of Malay language among non-Malay students with achievements in the subject of History. The implications of this study are discussed in this article.

Empirical Study On Attributes Leading To Satisfaction Among Bank Customer

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Ms.U.Sakthi Veeralakshmi ◽  
Dr.G. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Private Banking ◽  
Service Gap

This research aims at measuring the service quality in public and private banking sector and identifying its relationship to customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. The study was conducted among 500 bank customers by using revised SERVQUAL instrument with 26 items. Behavioral intention of the customers was measured by using the behavioral intention battery. The researcher has used a seven point likert scaling to measure the expected and perceived service quality (performance) and the behavioral intention of the customer. The instrument was selected as the most reliable device to measure the difference-score conceptualization. It is used to evaluate service gap between expectation and perception of service quality. Modifications are made on the SERVQUAL instrument to make it specific to the Banking sector. Questions were added to the instrument like Seating space for waiting (Tangibility), Parking space in the Bank (Tangibility), Variety of products / schemes available (Tangibility), Banks sincere steps to handling Grievances of the customers (Responsiveness). The findings of the study revealed that the customer’s perception (performance) is lower than expectation of the service quality rendered by banks. Responsiveness and Assurance SQ dimensions were the most important dimensions in service quality scored less SQ gap. The study concluded that the individual service quality dimensions have a positive impact on Overall Satisfaction.

The Idea of a Meaningful Synthesis of Marxist and Non-Marxist Systems of Political Economy as a Mirror of Intellectual Turmoil (About V.T. Ryazanov’s Book «Modern Political Economy: Prospects of Neo-Marxist Synthesis»)

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-98
Author(s):  
A.B. Lyubinin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Political Economic

Review of the monograph indicated in the subtitle V.T. Ryazanov. The reviewer is critical of the position of the author of the book, believing that it is possible and even necessary (to increase the effectiveness of General economic theory and bring it closer to practice) substantial (and not just formal-conventional) synthesis of the Marxist system of political economy with its non-Marxist systems. The article emphasizes the difference between the subject and the method of the classical, including Marxist, school of political economy with its characteristic objective perception of the subject from the neoclassical school with its reduction of objective reality to subjective assessments; this excludes their meaningful synthesis as part of a single «modern political economy». V.T. Ryazanov’s interpretation of commodity production in the economic system of «Capital» of K. Marx as a purely mental abstraction, in fact — a fiction, myth is also counter-argued. On the issue of identification of the discipline «national economy», the reviewer, unlike the author of the book, takes the position that it is a concrete economic science that does not have a political economic status.

Rhythm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexi Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contemporary Philosopher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theoretical Category

This book argues that, as a pervasive dimension of human existence with theological implications, rhythm ought to be considered a category of theological significance. Philosophers and theologians have drawn on rhythm—patterned movements of repetition and variation—to describe reality, however, the ways in which rhythm is used and understood differ based on a variety of metaphysical commitments with varying theological implications. This book brings those implications into the open, using resources from phenomenology, prosody, and the social sciences to analyse and evaluate uses of rhythm in metaphysical and theological accounts of reality. The analysis relies on a distinction from prosody between a synchronic approach to rhythm—observing the whole at once and considering how various dimensions of a rhythm hold together harmoniously—and a diachronic approach—focusing on the ways in which time unfolds as the subject experiences it. The text engages with the twentieth-century Jesuit theologian Erich Przywara alongside thinkers as diverse as Augustine and the contemporary philosopher Giorgio Agamben, and proposes an approach to rhythm that serves the concerns of theological conversation. It demonstrates the difference that including rhythm in theological conversation makes to how we think about questions such as “what is creation?” and “what is the nature of the God–creature relationship?” from the perspective of rhythm. As a theoretical category, capable of expressing metaphysical commitments, yet shaped by the cultural rhythms in which those expressing such commitments are embedded, rhythm is particularly significant for theology as a phenomenon through which culture and embodied experience influence doctrine.

Latin Epigraphy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Beltrán Lloris
Keyword(s):  
Public And Private ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Significant Distinction ◽  
Latin Epigraphy ◽  
The Difference

This chapter presents a typology of the main types of inscriptions in Latin. The difference between public and private/domestic inscriptions is the most significant distinction to be made when categorizing the enormous mass of surviving epigraphic documents from the Roman world.

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