scholarly journals Influence of gustatory and olfactory perception in the oral phase of swallowing in smokers

CoDAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Weber dos Santos ◽  
Simone Soares Echeveste ◽  
Deisi Cristina Gollo Marques Vidor
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Average Degree ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Olfactory Perception ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Taste Test ◽  
Sensory Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensory Tests

Purpose: To analyze the difference between nonsmokers and smokers on the changes in the perceptions of smell and taste and to verify the influence of these aspects in the emergence of compensatory movements during swallowing. Methods: To evaluate these aspects, capabilities of olfactory and gustatory recognition were observed, as well as the compensation swallowing. Twenty-four patients were evaluated in each study group aged from 18 years, grouped in a stratified way. The olfactory evaluation consisted in presenting seven essences and one of three options should be chosen. For the taste test, 16 flavors were offered in a non-sequential and decreasing way in amount of solute. Swallowing solid and liquid was evaluated, in which aspects of compensation perioral muscles were observed. Results: Worst performance in olfactory and gustatory tests among smokers (p≤0.01) was found. Through the results of χ2 and Fisher's exact tests, it was found that the contraction of the mentalis muscle is less observed in non-smokers, and smokers have an average degree of statistically significant change compared to nonsmokers. Furthermore, through the Spearman correlation coefficient, it was found that the worsening in the sensory tests implies increased compensation during swallowing in smokers. Conclusion: These data allowed us to verify that the sensory changes have influence on swallowing pattern, indicating that these changes are aspects that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of changes in swallowing.

scholarly journals Carboxyhemoglobin Detection in the Periorificial Tissues as an Accurate Method for Identifying the Gunshot Entrance Wound

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1239-1241
Author(s):  
Camelia-Oana Muresan ◽  
Roxana Zavoi ◽  
Veronica Ciocan ◽  
Raluca Dumache ◽  
Ramona Parvanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Forensic Expertise ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Entrance Wound ◽  
The Difference

One of the main objectives of the forensic expertise in gunshot injuries is establishing the direction of the shooting. The first step of the process is represented by studying the macroscopic differences in the morphology of the entrance and exit wounds, which in most cases suffice for the differential diagnosis between entrance and exit wound. In some cases, making the difference by using morphology alone is not possible, because the two wounds may present common or peculiar features. In these cases, analytical investigations can help in solving this important aspect of the case investigation. The detection of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in the perilesional tissues is one of the differentiation criteria between entry and exit wound. In some cases of short range shooting included in our study group, we determined the COHb concentration in blood sampled from the entrance wound. COHb values ranged between 10% and 60%. Given the known chemical stability of COHb, its determination can also prove useful in the examination of putrefied bodies, where the morphology of the gunshot wounds is more or less altered, depending on the stage of putrefaction.

scholarly journals Value of preoperative ultrasound in evaluating the peritoneal cancer index of pseudomyxoma peritonei

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liang ◽  
Wenhai Wang ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Yiyan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Peritoneal Cancer Index ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Peritoneal Cancer ◽  
Preoperative Ultrasound ◽  
Preoperative Ultrasonography ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to explore the value of preoperative ultrasonography (US) in evaluating the peritoneal cancer index (PCI) of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Methods An ultrasound examination was performed on 59 patients with PMP before surgery, and the ultrasound PCI was evaluated. The accuracy of ultrasound PCI score was evaluated with the surgical PCI score as the gold standard. Results The preoperative ultrasound PCI was compared with the surgical PCI. The Spearman correlation coefficient of the total PCI score was 0.608 (P < 0.05). The difference in the Spearman correlation coefficient between the preoperative ultrasound PCI and the surgical PCI in areas 0–7 was statistically significant. (1) Among them, the total score and the correlation between 0–3 and 6 were higher. (2) Compared with the surgical PCI, overestimation (> 20%) was concentrated mainly in areas 2 and 4–8 for 2 points, and underestimation (< 20%) was concentrated mainly in areas 1, 3, 4, and 8 for 3 points. (3) The sensitivity and specificity of preoperative ultrasound for predicting the presence or absence of lesions were 85.7% and 50.0%, respectively. The sensitivity of LS 1, LS 2, and LS 3 was 31.7%, 48.2%, and 71.0%, respectively, and the specificity was 44.8%, 55.3%, and 58.8%, respectively. Conclusion The ultrasound examination can be used to score the preoperative PCI, judge the severity, and predict the prognosis in patients with PMP.

Comparison of Mammography and Ultrasonography for Tumor Size of DCIS of Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jiantao Wang ◽  
Haiping Wang ◽  
Xinyu Yang ◽  
Liming Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Dense Breast ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Accurate assessment of breast tumor size preoperatively is important for the initial decision-making in surgical approach. Therefore, we aimed to compare efficacy of mammography and ultrasonography in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of breast cancer. Methods: Preoperative mammography and ultrasonography were performed on 104 women with DCIS of breast cancer. We compared the accuracy of each of the imaging modalities with pathological size by Pearson correlation. For each modality, it was considered concordant if the difference between imaging assessment and pathological measurement is less than 0.5cm. Results: At pathological examination tumor size ranged from 0.4cm to 7.2cm in largest diameter. For mammographically determined size versus pathological size, correlation coefficient of r was 0.786 and for ultrasonography it was 0.651. Grouped by breast composition, in almost entirely fatty and scattered areas of fibroglandular dense breast, correlation coefficient of r was 0.790 for mammography and 0.678 for ultrasonography; in heterogeneously dense and extremely dense breast, correlation coefficient of r was 0.770 for mammography and 0.548 for ultrasonography. In microcalcification positive group, coeffient of r was 0.772 for mammography and 0.570 for ultrasonography. In microcalcification negative group, coeffient of r was 0.806 for mammography and 0.783 for ultrasonography. Conclusion: Mammography was more accurate than ultrasonography in measuring the largest cancer diameter in DCIS of breast cancer. The correlation coefficient improved in the group of almost entirely fatty/ scattered areas of fibroglandular dense breast or in microcalcification negative group.

The effects of information platform-based nursing on preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with hip fractures (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Xiaojie Fu ◽  
Mingxing Lei ◽  
Pengbin Yin ◽  
Qingmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Drug Compliance ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

BACKGROUND Mobile apps are becoming increasingly relevant to health care. Apps have been used to improve symptoms, quality of life, and adherence for oral drugs in patients with cancers, pregnancy, or chronic diseases, and the results were satisfying . OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop an information platform with the help of a mobile app and then evaluate whether information platform-based nursing can improve patient’s drug compliance and reduce the incidence of VTE in patients with hip fractures. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed hip fracture patients performed with traditional prevention and intervention of VTE (control group) between January 2008 and November 2012, and prospectively analyzed hip fracture patients conducted with nursing intervention based on the information platform (study group) between January 2016 and September 2017. The information platform can be divided into medical and nursing care end and the patient’s end. Based on the information platform, we could implement risk assessments, monitoring management and early warnings, preventions and treatments, health educations, follow-up and other aspects of nursing interventions for patients. We compared basic characteristics, outcomes including drug compliance, VTE occurrence, and mean length of hospitalization between the two groups. Besides, a subgroup analysis was performed in the study group according to different drug compliances. RESULTS Regarding baseline data, patients in the study group had more morbidities than those in the control group (P<0.05). The difference of drug compliance between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001): 64.7% of the patients in the control group had poor drug compliance and only 6.1% patients had poor drug compliance in the study group. In terms of VTE, 126 patients (10.7%) in the control group had VTE, while only 35 patients (7.1%) in the study group had VTE, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.024). Moreover, the average length of hospitalization in the study group was also significantly lower than that in the control group (10.4 d vs. 13.7 d, P=0.000). Subgroup analysis of the study group showed that the incidence of VTE in patients with non-compliance, partial compliance, and good compliance was 56.7%, 5.8% and 2.8%, respectively (P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS Poor drug compliance leads to higher VTE occurrence. The information platform-based nursing can effectively improve the compliance of patients with hip fracture and thus significantly reduce the incidence of VTE.

scholarly journals Introduction and feeding practices of solid food in preterm infants born in Salzburg!

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edda Hofstätter ◽  
Verena Köttstorfer ◽  
Patricia Stroicz ◽  
Sebastian Schütz ◽  
Lorenz Auer-Hackenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background It is shown that meeting the increased nutritional demand of preterm infants from birth is not only important for survival but essentially contributes to the infants` overall development and long-term health. While there are established guidelines for weaning term infants, evidence regarding preterm infants is scarce and less precise. The aim of this study was to identify the current practices on introducing solids to preterm infants amongst caregivers in Salzburg and determine potential reasons for early weaning. Methods Altogether 68 infants born between 24 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks were recruited and detailed structured interviews with the caregivers were conducted at 17 weeks corrected age. Weight, height and head circumference were collected. Results 52% of the study group received solids before the recommended 17 weeks corrected age. For this group the mean age being 13.77 ± 1.11 weeks corrected age. Premature introduction of solids significantly correlates with exclusively and early formula-feeding. 34% were weaned due to recommendation by their paediatrician. 23% of the preterm infants even received solids before 12 weeks corrected age, putting them at risks for developing obesity, celiac disease and diabetes. Conclusions This study shows the necessity for clear guidelines regarding the introduction of complementary feeding in preterm infants as well as the importance of their implementation. Caregivers should receive information on this topic early enough and they should fully understand the difference between chronological and corrected age.

Analysis of the Impact of Personalized Nursing Service and Hospice Care on the Quality of Life of Elderly Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Ting Fang ◽  
Nian Wang ◽  
Meng Chen ◽  
Hongmei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Objective Explore the impact of personalized nursing services and hospice care on the quality of life of elderly patients with advanced cancer. Method We selected 80 elderly cancer patients admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to May 2021, and divided these patients into a study group and a control group using a random number table method. The patients in the control group used conventional nursing methods to treat and care for the patients, and the patients in the study group used hospice care measures and combined personalized nursing measures. The quality of life and pain treatment effects of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared. Result Before treatment, the quality-of-life scores of the two groups of patients were low, and there was no statistical difference (P>0.05); After treatment, the quality of life of the two groups of patients improved, but compared with the control group, the improvement was more obvious in the study group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of pain treatment effect, the total effective rate of pain treatment in the study group was 87.5%, which was significantly better than the 62.5% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Personalized nursing services and hospice care are conducive to improving the survival and treatment of elderly patients with advanced cancer, and can be used as a clinical application program for the care of advanced cancer patients.

CLINICAL, ECHOGRAPHIC, MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING A WELL-FOUNDED SCAR ON THE UTERUS AFTER CESAREAN SECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol Special issue (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Venera Kurbaniyazova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Average Degree ◽  
Type I ◽  
Uterine Scar

The results of the conducted studies 102 of the manufacturer testify to the presence of essential clinical and echographic, immunological and morphological features of the "wealthy" or "insolvent" scar on the uterus after the cesarean section. The correlation analysis with the calculation of the Correlation coefficient of Gamma (G) indicates a statistically significant relationship between the average degree between the way of the delivery and the scar thickness (G = 0.55, p = 0.001), strong correlation between the ultrasound data (G = 0.74 , p = 0.002) and antibodies to type I collagen (G = 0.93, p = 0.003). Determining the level of antibodies to the type I collagen is the mostimportant criterion confirming the usefulness of the scar on the uterus.Keywords: cesarean section, uterine scar, pregnancy

The serum level of C-reactive protein alone cannot be used for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections, especially in those caused by organisms of low virulence

2018 ◽  
Vol 100-B (11) ◽  
pp. 1482-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Akgün ◽  
M. Müller ◽  
C. Perka ◽  
T. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Median Serum ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infections ◽  
Serum Crp

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of C-reactive protein (CRP)-negative prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and evaluate the influence of the type of infecting organism on the CRP level. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis of all PJIs affecting the hip or knee that were diagnosed in our institution between March 2013 and December 2016 was performed. A total of 215 patients were included. Their mean age was 71 years (sd 11) and there were 118 women (55%). The median serum CRP levels were calculated for various species of organism and for patients with acute postoperative, acute haematogenous, and chronic infections. These were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test, adjusting for multiple comparisons with Dunn’s test. The correlation between the number of positive cultures and serum CRP levels was estimated using Spearman correlation coefficient. Results Preoperative CRP levels were normal (< 10 mg/l) in 77 patients (35.8%) with positive cultures. Low-virulent organisms were isolated in 66 PJIs (85.7%) with normal CRP levels. When grouping organisms by species, patients with an infection caused by Propionibacterium spp., coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), and Enterococcus faecalis had significantly lower median serum CRP levels (5.4 mg/l, 12.2 mg/l, and 23.7 mg/l, respectively), compared with those with infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. (194 mg/l and 89.3 mg/l, respectively; p < 0.001). Those with a chronic PJI had statistically lower median serum CRP levels (10.6 mg/l) than those with acute postoperative and acute haematogenous infections (83.7 mg/l and 149.4 mg/l, respectively; p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the number of positive cultures and serum CRP levels (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.456; p < 0.001). Conclusion The CRP level alone is not accurate as a screening tool for PJI and may yield high false-negative rates, especially if the causative organism has low virulence. Aspiration of the joint should be used for the diagnosis of PJI in patients with a chronic painful arthroplasty, irrespective of CRP level. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1482–86.

scholarly journals The Presence of Visual Neglect after Thrombolytic Treatment in Patients with Right Hemisphere Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Kettunen ◽  
M. Nurmi ◽  
A.-M. Koivisto ◽  
P. Dastidar ◽  
M. Jehkonen
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Thrombolytic Treatment ◽  
Visual Neglect ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Neuropsychological Examination ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

Visual neglect (VN) is a common consequence of right hemisphere (RH) stroke. The aims of this study were to explore the presence of VN after RH stroke in the patients with (T+) or without (T−) thrombolytic treatment, and to determine whether thrombolysis is a predictor of VN. The study group consisted of 77 RH infarct patients. VN was evaluated with six conventional subtests of the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT). Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). In the neuropsychological examination, 22% of all RH stroke patients had VN. VN was present in 15% of the patients in the T+ group and in 28% of the patients in the T− group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Despite that, patients in the T− group had a higher risk of VN than patients in the T+ group. Our results suggest that thrombolysis independently predicted absence of VN.

scholarly journals Variety of Economic Share of Tourism on Tropical Islands

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-314
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Podhorodecka
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract The author seeks an answer to the question whether a higher intensity of tourism movement is connected with a higher share of tourism in the economy in selected tropical island territories. With the use of the Spearman correlation coefficient, the existence of the average positive correlation between the intensity of tourism movement and the share of tourism in the economy has been determined. In the second part of paper, the author looks at the conditions which affect the role of tourism in the economy in proportion to the intensity of tourism movement. For this purpose, the Chi-square test and detailed case studies of chosen tropical islands are discussed.

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