scholarly journals Physical approach for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Rebucci Lirani-Galvão ◽  
Marise Lazaretti-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Coordination Training

Osteoporosis and its consequent fractures are a major problem in public health. To complement the conventional pharmacological treatment for this metabolic disease, non-pharmacological treatment options have been developed in the last decades. Several studies demonstrate that physical exercise programs including impact exercises, specific strength training, balance and coordination training may maintain or increase spine and hip bone mineral density as well as decrease the frequency of falls among osteoporotic and osteopenic patients. Furthermore, some physical agents such as vibratory platforms, low intensity electrical stimulation, laser therapy and ultrasound show positive effects on osteoporotic tissue as well. Consequently, while planning treatment for an osteoporotic patient, non-pharmacological management options should be considered and integrated to the conventional treatment in order to maximize its effects and improve the quality of life of these patients.

scholarly journals Management of clozapine-induced sialorrhoea

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Sumeet Gupta ◽  
Udayan Khastgir ◽  
Matthew Croft ◽  
Sefat Roshny
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Common Adverse Effect ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Anticholinergic Medications

SUMMARYSialorrhoea (hypersalivation) is a common adverse effect of clozapine. If severe, it can affect patients' quality of life and adherence to the treatment. Clinicians therefore need to proactively manage this effect. At present, no drugs are licensed to manage clozapine-induced sialorrhoea, although there are many off-label treatment options, with variable effectiveness. Anticholinergic medications are commonly prescribed for it, but they have limited effect and can worsen constipation. This article gives a brief overview of other practical and pharmacological management options.

scholarly journals Treatment of osteoporosis with a modified zeolite shows beneficial effects in an osteoporotic rat model and a human clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 153537022096875
Author(s):  
Sandra Kraljević Pavelić ◽  
Vedran Micek ◽  
Dragica Bobinac ◽  
Edo Bazdulj ◽  
Alessandra Gianoncelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Positive Effects

The severity of osteoporosis in humans manifests in its high incidence and by its complications that diminish quality of life. A societal consequence of osteoporosis is the substantial burden that it inflicts upon patients and their families. Several bone-modifying drugs have been prescribed to patients with osteoporosis. However, evidence for their anti-fracture efficacy remains inconclusive. To the contrary, long-term use of anti-osteoporotic drugs such as bisphosphonates and Denosumab, an RANKL inhibitor, have resulted in adverse events. We now present an alternative and adjuvant approach for treatment of osteoporosis. The data derive from in vivo studies in an ovariectomized rat model and from a randomized double blind, placebo-controlled human clinical study. Both studies involved treatment with Panaceo Micro Activation (PMA)-zeolite-clinoptilolite, a defined cation exchange clinoptilolite, which clearly improved all bone histomorphometric parameters examined from ovariectomized animals, indicative for increased bone formation. Moreover, intervention with PMA-zeolite-clinoptilolite for one year proved safe in humans. Furthermore, patients treated with PMA-zeolite-clinoptilolite showed an increase in bone mineral density, an elevated level of markers indicative of bone formation, a significant reduction in pain, and significantly improved quality of life compared with patients in the control (placebo) group. These encouraging positive effects of PMA-zeolite-clinoptilolite on bone integrity and on osteoporosis warrant further evaluation of treatment with PMA-zeolite-clinoptilolite as a new alternative adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis.

Preventing Premature Weaning: Management Options for Common Lactation Conditions, Including OMT

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Denise Sackett ◽  
Tala Dajani ◽  
David Shoup ◽  
Uzoma Ikonne
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Lactational Mastitis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Organization

The benefits of breastfeeding are well established. The World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that mothers breastfeed infants for at least one year, but most children are not breastfed that long because of many factors. Breastfeeding mothers face many challenges to continued breastfeeding, including medical conditions that arise during this period, such as postpartum depression and lactational mastitis. Because of a perceived lack of consistent guidance on medication safety, it can be difficult for the family physician to treat these conditions while encouraging mothers to continue breastfeeding. The purpose of the current review is to summarize and clarify treatment options for the osteopathic family physician treating lactating mothers. We specifically focus on the pharmacological management of contraception, postpartum depression, and lactational mastitis.

Female sexual dysfunction: a problem hidden in the shadows

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos P. Imprialos ◽  
Konstantinos Koutsampasopoulos ◽  
Aleksandra Katsimardou ◽  
Sofia Bouloukou ◽  
Iakovos Theodoulidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Female Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Cv Disease

Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) has mainly been underdiagnosed and undertreated due to the lack of concrete definitions, validated assessment methods, and efficient treatments. However, during the last few decades, there has been significant progress in the clinical management and research of FSD. Objective: The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiology of FSD, report the prevalence of the disease in the setting of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and disease, and review current and under investigation treatment options. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify studies examining the association of FSD with CV risk factors and/or disease and studies reporting appropriate management options. Results: The prevalence of FSD is increased in the general population (approximately 40%) and is significantly higher in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. In patients with overt CV disease, FSD is even more prevalent (up to 90%). The cause of FSD is multifactorial and includes various vascular, hormonal, interpersonal, and psychological factors, which are all intertwined. Several treatment options exist that are efficient in improving female sexual function, while a cluster of other alternatives has been shown to offer benefits. Conclusion: FSD is a significant public health problem with a great impact on the patients’ quality of life. In the setting of increased CV burden, FSD is even more prevalent. Increased awareness is needed for the physician to establish a trustful environment with the patient, discuss such issues, and offer suitable management options.

scholarly journals Blending as the best compliance option for the management of radioactivity in drinking water supplied from the deep sandstone aquifer in Southern Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazim K. El-Naser ◽  
Barry Smith ◽  
Susan Kilani ◽  
Ismail Abdeldin ◽  
Barry Howarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Well Field ◽  
Water Conveyance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
Radiological Dose

This paper describes management options and interventions taken by the Government of Jordan to ensure that the quality of drinking water supplied to consumers via the Disi Water Conveyance Project (DWCP) meets Jordanian drinking water standards and WHO guidelines for drinking water quality in respect of their radiological composition. Results from an initial survey of radioactivity present in water abstracted from each of the 55 wells (which comprise the operational well field) indicated an average radiological dose of 0.8 milliSieverts per year (mSv/y) would be accrued by members of the population if consuming water directly from the well head. During full scale operation, the estimated accrued dose from the well field as a whole decreased to an average of 0.7 mSv/y which was still approximately 1.4 times the Jordanian reference radiological limit for drinking water (0.5 mSv/y). Following assessment of treatment options by relevant health and water authorities, blending prior to distribution into the consumer network was identified as the most practicable remedial option. Results from monthly sampling undertaken after inline blending support the adoption of this approach, and indicate a reduction in the committed effective dose to 0.4 mSv/y, which is compliant with Jordanian standards.

scholarly journals An overview on the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Setsuo Maeda ◽  
Marise Lazaretti-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Drug Intolerance ◽  
Active Medication ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Substantial Morbidity

Osteoporosis is a worldwide health problem related to the aging of the population, and it is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. It is related to substantial morbidity, mortality and impairment of the quality of life. Estrogen deficiency is the major contributing factor to bone loss after menopause. The lifetime fracture risk at 50 years of age is about 50% in women. The aim of the treatment of osteoporosis is to prevent fractures. Non-pharmacological treatment involves a healthy diet, prevention of falls, and physical exercise programs. Pharmacological treatment includes calcium, vitamin D, and active medication for bone tissue such, as anti-resorptives (i.e., SERMs, hormonal replacement therapy, bisphosphonates, denosumab), bone formers (teriparatide), and mixed agents (strontium ranelate). Bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronate) are the most used anti-resorptive agents for the treatment of osteoporosis. Poor compliance, drug intolerance, and adverse effects can limit the benefits of the treatment. Based on the knowledge on bone cells signaling, novel drugs were developed and are being assessed in clinical trials.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of Boswellia containing formulations for the treatment of osteoarthritis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHIQIANG WANG ◽  
Ambrish Singh ◽  
Salman Hussain ◽  
Pablo Molina Garcia ◽  
Benny Samuel Eathakkattu Antony
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Review Manager

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint disease with limited pharmacological management options. Boswellia extracts (BE) or formulations containing BE are generally considered as safe and offers a modest efficacy for the treatment of OA. Although previous systematic reviews have assessed the efficacy of BE in OA, these reviews had excluded trials assessing various formulations containing BE and excluded various combinations of BE. Hence, this study aims to systematically review the evidence from RCTs assessing the efficacy and safety of both BE and formulations containing BE for the treatment of OA. Biomedical databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar will be searched to identify the RCTs of BE or formulations containing BE in patients with OA (hand, knee, hip, or any other OA). Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess the quality of included studies. Review Manager 5 (Rev Man) and STATA Version 16 will be used to conduct the statistical analysis.

scholarly journals Understanding Fatigue in Sjögren’s Syndrome: Outcome Measures, Biomarkers and Possible Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Mæland ◽  
Samira T. Miyamoto ◽  
Daniel Hammenfors ◽  
Valeria Valim ◽  
Malin V. Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Symptoms range from dryness to severe extra-glandular disease involving manifestations in the skin, lungs, nervous system, and kidney. Fatigue occurs in 70% of patients, characterizing primary SS (pSS) and significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life. There are some generic and specific instruments used to measure fatigue in SS. The mechanisms involved with fatigue in SS are still poorly understood, but it appears fatigue signaling pathways are more associated with cell protection and defense than with pro-inflammatory pathways. There are no established pharmacological treatment options for fatigue in pSS. So far, exercise and neuromodulation techniques have shown positive effects on fatigue in pSS. This study briefly reviews fatigue in pSS, with special attention to outcome measures, biomarkers, and possible treatment options.

Response of Osteoporotic Jaw Bone to Implantation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics Supplemented with Autologous Mesenchymal Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Grisulonoks ◽  
Inese Cakstina ◽  
Arnis Abolins ◽  
Janis Locs ◽  
Andrejs Skagers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Treatment ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Experimental Osteoporosis ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Adequate Blood Supply ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Individual

To target areas of the skeletal system which are clinically significant sites is a new strategy as the"local treatment of osteoporosis". Synthetic bioceramics implanted into critical sized bone defect of rats with experimental osteoporosis demonstrateds better effect to bone tissue repair in osteoporosis and/or osteoporosis status. Stem cell transplantation may improve bone mineral density in animal models of osteoporosis. An adequate blood supply of mesenchymal cells (MSCs and osteoprogenitors) is important for efficient bone regeneration. The concentration and quality of MSCs may vary significantly, depending on the individual (especially in older people), the cell obtaining sites and techniques used. Combination of BCP and stem cells are not studied on old experimental animals with double induced osteoporosis.

Treatment of Osteoporosis/Osteopenia in Pediatric Leukemia and Lymphoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele L Bryant ◽  
Mary A Worthington ◽  
Kerry Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Efficacy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of various treatment options for osteopenia and osteoporosis secondary to cancer treatment in pediatric patients undergoing cancer therapy. Data Sources: A systematic search of PubMed (1949–November 2008) and international Pharmaceutical Abstracts (to November 2008) was conducted using the following search terms: osteoporosis, osteopenia, pediatrics, cancer, neoplasms, chemotherapy, bisphosphonates, calcium, vitamin D, calcitonin, and physical therapy. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All prospective studies that evaluated various osteoporosis treatment options in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy were included. Results from studies evaluating bisphosphonates and other treatments in children with osteoporosis due to other causes were also included if important safety and efficacy data were provided. Most commonly reported primary efficacy endpoints included comparisons of bone density parameters measured before and after treatment. Data Synthesis: Four clinical studies and 2 case reports describing treatment with bisphosphonates, specifically alendronate and Pamidronate, for osteoporosis or osteopenia in pediatric cancer patients were identified. Results from the trials showed that these medications were efficacious in reducing bone mineral density loss during cancer therapy and were well tolerated in this special population. Primary efficacy endpoints included improvements in Z-scores measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. The most commonly reported adverse effects included hypocalcemia, mild stomach upset, and infusion-related hyperpyrexia. Four additional clinical trials involving the treatment of osteoporosis or osteopenia in children and adolescents who developed bone degeneration after chronic steroid therapy are also included. In these trials, treatment options such as calcitonin, and calcium and vitamin D supplementation were also shown to be beneficial. Conclusions: The clinical trials published to date are limited to only a few conducted in small populations of patients diagnosed with lymphoblastic leukemia or non–Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, alendronate and Pamidronate both appeared to be effective options in improving bone mineral density scores with minimal adverse effects.

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