scholarly journals ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF LEGUMINOSAE PLANTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi D. PAGUIGAN ◽  
Darryl Hannah B. CASTILLO ◽  
Christine L. CHICHIOCO-HERNANDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Senna Siamea ◽  
Senna Spectabilis ◽  
Potential Sources

Context Ulcer is the most common gastrointestinal disturbance resulting from an inadequate gastric mucosal defense. Several drugs are available in the market to address the disease; however, these drugs are associated with unnecessary side effects. Objectives Previous research have confirmed the efficacy of plant extracts for possible treatment of the disease. This research aims to evaluate the anti-ulcer properties of medicinal plants. Methods Methanol extracts from the leaves of Intsia bijuga, Cynometra ramiflora, Tamarindus indica, Cassia javanica, Cassia fistula, Bauhini purpurea, Senna spectabilis, Senna siamea and Saraca thaipingensis were evaluated for their anti-ulcer activity using HCl-ethanol as ulcerogen. Results All extracts showed inhibitory activity with I. bijuga, T. indica, S. spectabilis and S. thaipingensis exhibiting more than 50% inhibition. S. thaipingensis showed the highest activity at 80%. S. spectabilis and S. thaipingensis were partitioned further into hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. The aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of S. spectabilis showed significant increased in its activity while the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of S. thaipingensis gave higher activity than its aqueous portions. Conclusions We conclude that plant extracts are potential sources of new anti-ulcer agents.

scholarly journals Mode-Dependent Antiviral Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts against the Mosquito-Borne Chikungunya Virus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Sze Mun Chan ◽  
Kong Soo Khoo ◽  
Shamala Devi Sekaran ◽  
Nam Weng Sit
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Sample Introduction ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

The lack of specific treatment for chikungunya fever makes the need for anti-chikungunya virus agents more crucial. This study was conducted to evaluate 132 extracts obtained by sequential solvent extraction from 21 medicinal plants for cytopathic effect inhibitory activity using virus-infected Vero cells in two different sample introduction modes. Among the extracts, 42 extracts (31.8%) from 12 plants in the concurrent mode and three extracts (2.3%) from a plant in the non-concurrent mode displayed strong cytopathic effect inhibitory activity (cell viability ≥70%). Viral load quantification analysis unveiled that the extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol), Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (ethanol), and Ocimum americanum (ethanol and methanol) hindered the release of viral progeny from the infected cells while the extracts of Ficus deltoidea (ethanol), Gynura bicolor (water), H. sibthorpioides (water), and O. americanum (chloroform and ethyl acetate) blocked the entry of virus into the cells. The extracts of Diodella sarmentosa (ethyl acetate), Diplazium esculentum (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol), and G. bicolor (ethanol) possessed virucidal effect and caused 5.41-log to 6.63-log reductions of viral load compared to the virus control. The results indicate that these medicinal plants are potential sources of anti-chikungunya virus agents that have varied modes of action.

scholarly journals Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors from Croton sylvaticus Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract and their Mutagenic Effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutalib A. Aderogba ◽  
Ashwell R. Ndhlala ◽  
Johannes Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Croton sylvaticus is a medicinal plant widely employed in the management of inflammatory conditions, infections and oxidative stress related diseases such as insomnia, abdominal and internal inflammations. The activities demonstrated by the plant extracts support that its constituents possess the ability to reduce oxidative damage to body cells. Repeated column fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction of a 20% aqueous methanol leaf extract using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity directed on Sephadex LH-20 afforded three compounds identified by mass spectrometry, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as: 2′-(3″,4″-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (1), 3, 3′, 4′, 5, 7-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin) (2), and 3, 4′, 5, 7-tetrahydroxyflavone (kaempferol) (3). These compounds are reported from the leaf extracts of C. sylvaticus for the first time and compound 1 is a new natural product. The microplate technique was used to determine the inhibitory effects of the plant extracts (crude and solvent fractions) and isolated compounds against AChE. The IC50 values of the compounds ranged from 60.7 to 415.0 μg/mL, with compound 2 having the best inhibitory activity; the IC50 values of the plant crude extract and solvent fractions ranged from 235.0 to 4695.0 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction had the best inhibitory activity (IC50=235.0 μg/mL). The three compounds showed no mutagenic effects against Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98 and TA100. The activity demonstrated by these compounds suggests that they could be effective in the management of neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibacterial Evaluation of Selected Jordanian Medicinal Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2456-2463
Author(s):  
Wael A. Al-Zereini ◽  
Fuad Al-Rimawi ◽  
Saleh Abu-Lafi ◽  
Fadi Alakhras ◽  
Ghassab M. Al-Mazaideh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

Dried aerial parts of three medicinal plants grown wild in Jordan, namely Ononis natrix L., Salvia spinosa L. and Salvia verbenace L., were extracted upon soaking with ethyl acetate by continuous shaking at room temperature for three days. The extracts were analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoids content by HPLC-PDA. The HPLC analysis of the plant extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the three plant extracts. The antibacterial activity of the crude extract was evaluated. The PDA wavelengths range was from 227-347 nm. Bioactivities were attributed mainly to the immense content of phenol-based compounds in plants.

scholarly journals Natural Antidiabetic of Tunjuk Langit (Helminthostachys zeylanica) Rhizome Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fania E. Ridhasya ◽  
Hilwan Y. Teruna ◽  
Rudi Hendra ◽  
Muhammad Almurdani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Helminthostachys Zeylanica

The use of medicinal plants in treating diabetes mellitus is increasing in Indonesia. Plenty of plants from different regions may have anti-diabetic effect, including Helminthostachys zeylanica. This plant is commonly used as a traditional medicine to treat inflammation, cough, dysentery, and malaria in Talang Mamak tribe, Indragiri Hulu, Riau, however in China it is used to treat diabetic. Thus, we examined whether the extract of H. zeylanica originated from Riau have potential antidiabetic activity. We assessed the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the extract of H. zeylanica rhizome. The results showed the antidiabetic values of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MetOH), and ethanol (EtOH) extracts were 380.88 ± 0.09; 190.76 ± 0.22; 61.18 ± 0.59; 47.86 ± 0.06; and 60.78± 0.02, respectively. Acarbose were used as standard with antioxidant values of 19.73± 0.07. It can be concluded that the methanol extract is potential to be proposed as antidiabetic.

scholarly journals Anti-parasitic activity of nano Citrullus colocynthis and nano Capparis spinose against Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musafer Alardi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
Animal Tests

Abstract The use of plant extracts and the benefit of their unique properties in treating various pathogens is the return to mother nature, and an attempt to overcome the problems of side effects resulting from the use of chemical drugs and the ability of some pathogens to resist these drugs. Nanotechnology has strengthened the ability of drugs to reach the target and reduced the size and amount of dose needed for treatment.Nano-extracts of Citrullus colocynthis and Capparis spinosa at concentrations of (100,250 and 500) ppm prepared to the treatment Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro at the time (12 , 24, 72)h. Results compared with the use of 0.1% of metronidazole (500 mg).The results showed that the concentrations (100,250, 500) ppm of C. colocynthis had an inhibitory activity for the growth rate (43.77, 69.15, 89.89) at the time (12, 24 and 72) hours, respectively. The inhibitory activity of C. spinosa was (43.18, 67.41, 87.04) at the same time and concentration, compared with metronidazole (43.47, 70.40, 87.04) at the same time. Neither plants showed severe effects in hemolysis.From the results, it can be concluded that either plant can be used as an alternative to metronidazole after completing human and animal tests.

scholarly journals Potential Effects of Medicinal Plants and Secondary Metabolites on Acute Lung Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniely Cornélio Favarin ◽  
Jhony Robison de Oliveira ◽  
Carlo Jose Freire de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre de Paula Rogerio
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome that causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide. ALI is characterized by increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane, edema, uncontrolled neutrophils migration to the lung, and diffuse alveolar damage, leading to acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Although corticosteroids remain the mainstay of ALI treatment, they cause significant side effects. Agents of natural origin, such as medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites, mainly those with very few side effects, could be excellent alternatives for ALI treatment. Several studies, including our own, have demonstrated that plant extracts and/or secondary metabolites isolated from them reduce most ALI phenotypes in experimental animal models, including neutrophil recruitment to the lung, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, edema, and vascular permeability. In this review, we summarized these studies and described the anti-inflammatory activity of various plant extracts, such asGinkgo bilobaandPunica granatum, and such secondary metabolites as epigallocatechin-3-gallate and ellagic acid. In addition, we highlight the medical potential of these extracts and plant-derived compounds for treating of ALI.

QUORUM SENSING SCREENING OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM MONGOLIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Zolboo ◽  
L Tsenguunmaa ◽  
O Undram ◽  
J Batkhuu
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Communication ◽  
Standard Disc

The purpose of this study was to search for a novel quorum sensinginhibitor and analyseits inhibitory activity of medicinal plants of Mongolia. This study investigated the effects of some plant extracts on the bacterial communication system, expressed as quorum sensing activity. Quorum sensinghas directly propotional effect on the amount of certain compound such as pigments, produced by the bacteria. Alcohol extracts of 103 extracts of 66 medicinal plants were tested for anti-quorum sensingactivity by the Chromobacterium violaceum assay using the standard disc-diffusion method. The screening revealed the anti-quorum sensing activity of 18 extracts of 13 plants; particularly aerial part of Hedysarum alpinum L., Spongiocarpella gruboviiUlzii and Goniolimon speciosum (L.) Boiss.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 63-65

scholarly journals SYNERGISTIC AND EFFLUX PUMP INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF PLANT EXTRACTS AND ANTIBIOTICS ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAINS

2016 ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Urmila Sharma ◽  
Savita Jandaik ◽  
Jyoti Mehta ◽  
Manindra Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Activity Maximum

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the synergistic and efflux pump inhibitory activities of some important medicinal plants collected<br />from Western Himalaya against different strains of Staphylococcus aureus to facilitate the reintroduction of therapeutically ineffective antibiotics back<br />into clinical use.<br />Methods: Various plant materials were extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate, and water. The dried extracts were screened for synergistic activity<br />by well diffusion method, and efflux pump inhibitory activity for plants extracts exhibiting maximum synergism assessed by berberine uptake assay<br />and ethidium bromide efflux inhibition assay, respectively.<br />Results: Methanolic extract (ME) and ethyl acetate extracts (EE) of most of the plant extracts showed synergistic activity with ciprofloxacin and<br />norfloxacin, whereas an aqueous extract showed no any synergistic activity. Maximum efflux pump inhibitory activity was observed for ME of Angelica<br />glauca followed by EE of Ficus carica.<br />Conclusion: ME of A. glauca exhibited potentials of efflux pump inhibition, and thus can, be used as an adjuvant with antibiotics to overcome the<br />problem of drug resistance due to efflux.<br />Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Therapeutically ineffective antibiotics, Synergistic effect, Efflux pump inhibitors.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Brine shrimp lethality test of various Cinnamomum iners (Lauraceae) barks extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Ikarastika Rahayu Abdul Wahab ◽  
Mohammad Faizul Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Very High

Cinnamomum iners (Lauraceae) is a traditional plant that widely used to relieve headache, breathingand appetite problems. This plant has been used over the centuries on several illnesses with bacterialsymptoms such as fevers, digestive ailments and coughs. However, lack of scientific studies havebeen conducted to identify its toxicity. Thus, an evaluation on the toxicity of this plant extracts iscrucial to support its therapeutic claims as well as to ensure that there was no side effects toconsumers. Various extracts from C. iners barks were screened for their toxicity against brineshrimp using the brine shrimp lethality test. All extracts exhibited very high LC50 (50% lethalconcentration) values greater than 1mg/ml (1000 ?g/ml) with the hexane extracts showed thehighest toxicity to the brine shrimp with LC50 value of 1306.79 ?g/ml, while the lowest toxicitywas the ethyl acetate extract at 3370.13 ?g/ml. This finding corroborates the traditional uses of thisplant and could be developed as another alternative natural sources in treating various diseases.

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