scholarly journals SIXTEEN YEARS OF PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR IN METROPOLITAN AREA OF PORTO ALEGRE, SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane HEIDRICH ◽  
Tatiane Caroline DABOIT ◽  
Cheila Denise Ottonelli STOPIGLIA ◽  
Cibele Massotti MAGAGNIN ◽  
Gerson VETORATTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Black People ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pityriasis Versicolor ◽  
Angular Coefficient ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Mycological Examination

SUMMARY Pityriasis versicolor is the most common of the diseases caused by Malasseziayeasts. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of pityriasis versicolor and its etiological aspects in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil. A retrospective crosssectional study with data from patients of a reference hospital from 1996 to 2011 was performed. Collected data included: date, age, gender, ethnicity, anatomical region of lesion and the direct mycological examination results. Among the positive results in the direct mycological examination, 5.8% (2,239) were positive for pityriasis versicolor. The angular coefficient (B) was -0.3%/year, showing a decrease over the years. The disease was more prevalent in men (7.1% of men versus 5.1% of women that underwent the direct mycological examination); younger age (median 31 years old); "pardo" and black people (3.7% more than expected in the sample); trunk (73.44% of the affected anatomic sites). Lesions in rare sites (groin, genitals, legs, feet and hands) were also observed in this study. In conclusion, due to the decrease in the prevalence of pityriasis versicolor, long-term epidemiological studies in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, are needed to continue the monitoring of this disease.

scholarly journals Health Consequences of an Elite Sporting Career: Long-Term Detriment or Long-Term Gain? A Meta-Analysis of 165,000 Former Athletes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Runacres ◽  
Kelly A. Mackintosh ◽  
Melitta A. McNarry
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Former Elite Athletes

Abstract Introduction Exercise is widely accepted to improve health, reducing the risk of premature mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. However, several epidemiological studies suggest that the exercise-longevity relationship may be ‘J’ shaped; with elite athlete’s likely training above these intensity and volume thresholds. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to examine this relationship in former elite athletes. Methods 38,047 English language articles were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed and SportDiscus databases published after 1970, of which 44 and 24 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Athletes were split into three groups depending on primary sport: Endurance (END), Mixed/Team, or power (POW). Standard mortality ratio’s (SMR) and standard proportionate mortality ratio (SPMR) were obtained, or calculated, and combined for the meta-analysis. Results Athletes lived significantly longer than the general population (male SMR 0.69 [95% CI 0.61–0.78]; female SMR 0.51 [95% CI 0.40–0.65]; both p < 0.01). There was no survival benefit for male POW athletes compared to the general population (SMR 1.04 [95% CI 0.91–1.12]). Although male athlete’s CVD (SMR 0.73 [95% CI 0.62–0.85]) and cancer mortality (SMR 0.75 [95% CI 0.63–0.89]), were significantly reduced compared to the general population, there was no risk-reduction for POW athletes CVD mortality (SMR 1.10 [0.86–1.40]) or END athletes cancer mortality (SMR 0.73 [0.50–1.07]). There was insufficient data to calculate female sport-specific SMR’s. Discussion Overall, athletes live longer and have a reduced incidence of both CVD and cancer mortality compared to the general population, refuting the ‘J’ shape hypothesis. However, different health risks may be apparent according to sports classification, and between sexes, warranting further investigation. Trial registration PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42019130688).

Aggressive Treatment in Glioblastoma: What Determines the Survival of Patients?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yu ◽  
Guozhong Zhang ◽  
Songtao Qi
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Control Cohort ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Long Term Survivors

Abstract Background and Study Aims The exact reason of long-term survival in glioblastoma (GBM) patients has remained uncertain. Molecular parameters in addition to histology to define malignant gliomas are hoped to facilitate clinical, experimental, and epidemiological studies. Material and Methods A population of GBM patients with similar clinical characteristics (especially similar resectability) was reviewed to compare the molecular variables between poor (overall survival [OS] < 18 months, control cohort) and long-term survivors (overall survival > 36 months, OS-36 cohort). Results Long-term GBM survivors were younger. In the OS-36 cohort, the positive rate of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation was very low (7.69%, 3/39) and there was no statistical difference in OS between IDH mutant and wild-type patients. The results of 1p/19q codeletions are similar. Besides, there were no significant difference in MGMT promoter methylation, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation, and TP53 mutations between OS-36 cohort and control cohort. Conclusions No distinct markers consistently have been identified in long-term survivors of GBM patients, and great importance should be attached to further understand the biological characteristics of the invasive glioma cells because of the nature of diffuse tumor permeation.

scholarly journals Predictors of long-term post-thrombotic syndrome following high proximal deep vein thrombosis: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit Engeseth ◽  
Tone Enden ◽  
Per Morten Sandset ◽  
Hilde Skuterud Wik
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Deep Vein

Abstract Background Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a frequent chronic complication of proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limb, but predictors of PTS are not well established. We aimed to examine predictors of PTS in patients with long-term PTS following proximal DVT. Methods During 2006–09, 209 patients with a first time acute upper femoral or iliofemoral DVT were randomized to receive either additional catheter-directed thrombolysis or conventional therapy alone. In 2017, the 170 still-living participants were invited to participate in a cross-sectional follow-up study. In the absence of a gold standard diagnostic test, PTS was defined in line with clinical practice by four mandatory, predefined clinical criteria: 1. An objectively verified DVT; 2. Chronic complaints (> 1 month) in the DVT leg; 3. Complaints appeared after the DVT; and 4. An alternative diagnosis was unlikely. Possible predictors of PTS were identified with multivariate logistic regression. Results Eighty-eight patients (52%) were included 8–10 years following the index DVT, and 44 patients (50%) were diagnosed with PTS by the predefined clinical criteria. Younger age and higher baseline Villalta score were found to be independent predictors of PTS, i.e., OR 0.96 (95% CI, 0.93–0.99), and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.02–1.49), respectively. Lack of iliofemoral patency at six months follow-up was significant in the bivariate analysis, but did not prove to be significant after the multivariate adjustments. Conclusions In long-term follow up after high proximal DVT, younger age and higher Villalta score at DVT diagnosis were independent predictors of PTS.

scholarly journals Effects of Polyphenol Intake on Metabolic Syndrome: Current Evidences from Human Trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Chiva-Blanch ◽  
Lina Badimon
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Polyphenol Intake ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors which severely increases the risk of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Several epidemiological studies have observed a negative association between polyphenol intake and MetS rates. Nevertheless, there are relatively small numbers of interventional studies evidencing this association. This review is focused on human interventional trials with polyphenols as polyphenol-rich foods and dietary patterns rich in polyphenols in patients with MetS. Current evidence suggests that polyphenol intake has the potential to alleviate MetS components by decreasing body weight, blood pressure, and blood glucose and by improving lipid metabolism. Therefore, high intake of polyphenol-rich foods such as nuts, fruits, vegetables, seasoning with aromatic plants, spices, and virgin olive oil may be the cornerstone of a healthy diet preventing the development and progression of MetS, although there is no polyphenol or polyphenol-rich food able to influence all MetS features. However, inconsistent results have been found in different trials, and more long-term randomized trials are warranted to develop public health strategies to decrease MetS rates.

Assessment of long-term exposure to airborne dioxin and cadmium concentrations in the Lyon metropolitan area (France)

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Coudon ◽  
H. Hourani ◽  
C. Nguyen ◽  
E. Faure ◽  
F.R. Mancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area

Incest: What do we Really Know about It?

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kosky
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
General Populations

The literature on incest is reviewed. Current knowledge rests on a very insecure scientific basis and has been mainly derived from small, highly selected clinical series. Recently, some important epidemiological studies of general populations have been reported, but the results of prevalence are inconsistent. Overall, however, it appears that incest, when defined in terms of sexual intercourse, occurs in less than 1% of the population, but other forms of intrafamilial sexual activity may affect 10% of females before they are 16 years of age. Some children are more at risk than others. Because information has generally been derived from court or treatment samples, we are unclear about the long-term effects of incest experiences but, overall, the impression is that incest has markedly adverse effects, especially if it is accompanied by violence and threats and is directed, as it usually is, at the young pre-pubescent child.

Is Age the New Class? Economic Crisis and Demographics in European Politics

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Erk
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
New Class ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Material Interests ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Welfare State

As the crisis turns into long-term economic downturn, younger age-groups in Europe seem to be hit with higher levels of unemployment while the welfare state is steadily shrinking. The young have suddenly become a social group united by collective material interests, but does this translate into a sense of a collective political interest? The paper examines to what extent the dominant class-based social science of the post-war years can help us understand the politics of age-groups. The analysis highlights four changes since post-war years: the workplace has changed, impacting socialization; modern media has changed, impacting mobilization; the political landscape is fairly institutionalized, tempering the possibilities for new political concerns to find voice; and those who would define and articulate the political priorities of the young are leaving the Old Continent.

scholarly journals Relações interespecíficas de cuidado no sistema de saúde convencional brasileiro: uma análise antropológica sobre a dinâmica da zooterapia

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
General Question ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Human Care ◽  
Animal Care

Através de uma análise das atividades desenvolvidas pelos terapeutas da zooterapia, apresentado pela experiência de um trabalho de observação de longa duração, este artigo se propõe a colocar em questão a associação do homem e do animal, em um corpus de conhecimentos vindo de uma “etologia” empírica e de um corpus elaborado e estruturado de saberes antropológicos. A zooterapia enquanto mediação animal é uma técnica de cuidado para além de uma constatação trivial interespecífica ou de uma projeção antropomórfica sobre os animais de categorias universalmente reconhecidas como humanas. Ela permite nos interrogarmos sobre o recurso à participação animal e seu estatuto de sujeito dotado de capacidades agentivas, ao lado de um terapeuta humano e face à uma pessoa doente. Por ocasião de três estudos de caso contextualmente situados nas cidades de Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, destacamos a questão mais geral da interação entre os dados empíricos que a zooterapia acumula e as representações sociais que são implicitamente mobilizadas para situar o animal dentro de uma cadeia operativa. De modo geral a problemática de interesse deste artigo trata das práticas e horizontes relacionais que atravessam vários grupos sociais e indivíduos contemporâneos que apostam na direção de uma relação interespecífica. Essa problemática é também empírica e epistemológica, pois demarca uma remodelação das diferenças entre natureza e cultura, baseada em uma conjunção de fenômenos invocados a caracterizar os sujeitos (conduta, ações, afetos, comportamento).Palavras-chave: Antropologia da natureza. Agentividade dos animais. Zooterapia. Modalidades de ações.The interspecific relations for human care in the conventional health system: an anthropological analysis of the dynamics of zootherapyAbstractThrough an analysis of the activities developed by zootherapy therapists, presented by the experience of a long-term work of observation, this article proposes to put in question the association of man and animal, in a corpus of knowledge coming from an empirical "ethology" and an elaborate and structured anthropological knowledge corpus. The zootherapy as an animal care mediation is a technique other than an interspecific trivial finding, or an anthropomorphic projection on animals of universally recognized as human categories. It allows us to interrogate about the use of animals and their status as subjects endowed with agentive capacities, alongside a human therapist and in face of a sick person. Based on three case studies contextually located in the cities of Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, we highlight the more general question of the interaction between the empirical data that zootherapy accumulates and social representations that are implicitly mobilized to locate the animal inside of an operative chain. More comprehensively the issue of interest in this paper deals with the practical and relational horizons that cut across social groups and contemporary individuals who bet on the direction of an interspecies relationship. This problem is also empirical and epistemological because it marks a remodel of the differences between nature and culture, based on a combination of phenomena invoked to characterize the subjects (behavior, actions, feelings).Keywords: Anthropology of nature. Animal agency. Zootherapy. Modalities of actions.

scholarly journals Infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni A. Rossi ◽  
Andrew A. Colin
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Human Rhinovirus ◽  
Allergic Sensitisation ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syncytial Virus

There is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. This review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV).RSV represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. Large epidemiological studies have revealed an unequivocal relationship between RSV infection and subsequent wheezing into childhood, thought to be related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of the airways rather than allergic sensitisation.HRV is a highly diverse group of viruses that affect subjects of all ages, is ubiquitous and occurs year-round. In contrast to RSV, infections with HRV cause minimal cytotoxicity but induce a rapid production of cytokines and chemokines with amplification of the inflammatory response. The susceptibility to HRV-induced bronchiolitis and subsequent wheezing appears to be linked to individual predisposition since it is often associated with a family or personal history of asthma/atopy.Thus, RSV probably serves as an “inducer” rather than a “trigger”. Conversely, HRVs seem to serve as a “trigger” rather than an “inducer” in predisposed individuals.

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