scholarly journals Correlation of anthropometric indicators for identifying insulin sensitivity and resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Nascimento Matos ◽  
Guilherme de Vieira Giorelli ◽  
Cristiane Bitencourt Dias
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Cutoff Points ◽  
Conicity Index ◽  
The City

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Early detection of reduced insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin resistance (IR) is desirable. The aim here was to evaluate correlations of anthropometric indicators for identifying IR or IS and determine the cutoff points of the most effective indicators. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: Sixty-one individuals with normal fasting plasma glucose (NFPG) and 43 overweight women were analyzed. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index and the HOMA-IS and HOMA-IR indices were determined. The correlations between the anthropometric indices and IS and IR were determined. ROC analysis was used to determine the areas under the curve (AUC) and cutoff points. RESULTS: Among the NFPG individuals, BMI (r = -0.50; P = 0.002) and WHtR (r = -0.45; P = 0.007) showed correlations with HOMA-IS (homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity). The ROC curve demonstrated statistical significance for BMI (AUC = 0.769; P = 0.005), WHtR (AUC = 0.764; P = 0.01) and WC (AUC = 0.702; P = 0.04), and the best cutoff points were 33.3 kg/m², 0.67 and 100 cm, respectively. Among the overweight women, the best correlation with HOMA-IR was demonstrated by WHtR (r = 0.37; P = 0.01), and the best cutoff point was 0.70 (AUC = 0.61; P = 0.25). CONCLUSION: The most promising indicators for showing IS among the NFPG individuals were BMI, WHtR and WC. Among the overweight women, WHtR demonstrated greater correlation with IR

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for breast neoplasm in the city of Maringá, Paraná state, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Carvalho de Matos ◽  
Sandra Marisa Pelloso ◽  
Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The City

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of the risk factors for breast cancer among women between 40 and 69 years old in the city of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil. An analytical, exploratory and cross-sectional study was carried out through a population research at homes in Maringá. The sample was composed of 439 women between 40 and 69 years old. The data were collected by home interviews, stored using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and presented in tables as absolute and relative frequency. The predominant ethnical group was Caucasian with an average age of 52 years. Among risk factors identified in the present study, an expressive number of overweight women were found. It is important and necessary to put in practice actions that identify the modifiable risk factors for the development of breast tumors in order to reduce morbidity and mortality levels due to this pathology.

scholarly journals Propriedade diagnóstica dos indicadores antropométricos na predição do excesso de gordura corporal estimado por meio do DXA em mulheres hipertensas

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Camila Tomicki ◽  
Aline Mendes Gerage ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva ◽  
Tânia Rosane Bertoldo Benedetti
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Conicity Index

Excess body fat is an important risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension. The aim of this study was to verify the diagnostic performance of anthropometric indicators in the prediction of excess body fat estimated by Dual-energy Radiometric Absorptiometry (DXA) in hypertensive women. A cross-sectional study with 71 hypertensive women (57.9 ± 10.1 years; 77.8 ± 15.1 kg; 156.8 ± 5.2 cm) was carried out. he anthropometric indicators analyzed were: Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) and Conicity Index (C Index). Body fat measured by DXA was used as the reference method. Descriptive statistics and ROC curve were used for data analysis. Comparing the anthropometric indicators with the percentage of total fat estimated by DXA, signiicant diferences were observed in BMI, WC and WHR (P <0.05). In relation to the percentage of trunk fat, a diference was identiied in BMI and WC (P <0.05). Among the anthropometric indicators analyzed, BMI (0.83), WC (0.79) and WHtR (0.80) had the largest areas under the ROC curve in relation to excess body fat determined by DXA. he cutof points were conservative in relation to those suggested in literature. Anthropometric indicators BMI (24.72 kg/m²), WC (87.81 cm) and WHtR (0.55) can be adopted in the evaluation of excess body fat in hypertensive women, since they demonstrated to be good predictors when confronted with DXA.

scholarly journals Stigmatization and discrimination of patients with chronic hepatitis C

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kostic ◽  
Biljana Kocic ◽  
Branislav Tiodorovic
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The City

Background/Aim. Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is often associated with injectable drug users and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection for which there is stigmatization in society. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of stigma and discrimination of patients with CHC, as well as the influence of sociodemographic factors on the occurrence of stigmatization. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed. Patients with CHC and conducted antiviral therapy completed an anonymous structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions and Hepatitis C stigma scale. Results. Out of 154 patients 61.7% were male and 72.1% from the city; 59.7% have completed secondary school; 61.7% were employed before the disease while 31.8% after the disease; 45.5% were unsatisfactory with financial situation; 54.5% were married; 37.7% lived with a spouse and children; 86.4% in their own house/apartment; 5.2% of the patients were abandoned by their partners, while 35.7% consumed drugs. A statistical significance of the stigma score was found in those who lived in the city (p = 0.018), unmarried (p = 0.005), abandoned by the partners after the diagnosis of CHC (p < 0.001), drug users (p = 0.002) and those living with parents (p = 0.034). Univariate regression analysis singled out as significant: residence (p = 0.018), living with their parents (p = 0.046), abandonment by a partner (p < 0.001) and drug use (p = 0.002). A multivariate regression model of independent variables singled out abandonment by partners (Beta = 5.158, p = 0.007). Men disagree significantly with the two elements inside stigma [not the same as the others (p = 0.035)] and hurt by the reaction of others (p = 0.047)). Conclusion. The presence of stigma in patients with CHC was proven. The results indicate the need to strengthen anti-stigma programs that will reduce their psychological and social problems and reduce stigmatization in society.

scholarly journals Indicadores antropométricos de obesidade como preditores de pressão arterial elevada em idosos

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Keila De Oliveira Diniz ◽  
Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha ◽  
Antonio Cesar Cabral de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Cutoff Points ◽  
Conicity Index

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n1p31 High blood pressure is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and a risk factor for several diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive power of anthropometric indicators of obesity and establish their cutoff points as discriminators of hypertension and identify the anthropometric indicator of obesity that best discriminates high blood pressure in the elderly. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 300 older adults, 167 (56.5%) women. The following anthropometric indicators of obesity were measured: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist / height ratio (WHtR) and conicity index. Moreover, systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements were collected. To identify hypertension predictors, the analysis of receiver operating curves (ROC) with 95% confidence interval was adopted. Subsequently, cutoff points with their respective sensitivities and specificities were identified. Analyses were carried out considering 5% significance level. It was observed that some anthropometric indicators of obesity showed area under the curve (AUC) significant with BMI = 0.60 (0.50 to 0.70); WHtR = 0.61 (0.51 to 0.71); conicity index = 0.58 (0.58 to 0.68) in men. The different cutoff points of anthropometric indicators with better predictive power and their respective sensitivities and specificities were identified. The best areas under the ROC curve were for BMI, WHtR and conicity index for men; however, such measures were not satisfactory to predict high blood pressure in women.

scholarly journals The relationship between insulin sensitivity and serum antithrombin 3 activity in patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Jie Cao ◽  
Jian-bin Su ◽  
Xueqin Wang ◽  
Dong-mei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Antithrombin 3 (AT3) is a physiological inhibitor of thrombin, and serum AT3 activity was found to be decreased at the status of type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D was presented with an increased risk of thrombotic complications at the background of impaired insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between insulin sensitivity indices and serum AT3 activity in patients with T2D. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with T2D who consented to participate in the study at the Endocrinology Department of Affiliated 2 Hospital of Nantong University from January 2015 to June 2018. All patients received serum AT3 activity test and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Basal and systemic insulin sensitivity were assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda index (ISIMatsuda), respectively, from the OGTT. And other relevant clinical data were also collected. Results: Total 1612 patients with T2D were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 58.67±13.09 years and a median diabetes duration of 6 years (interquartile range, 1–10 years). Across ascending quartiles of serum AT3, HOMA-IR progressively decreased, while ISIMatsuda progressively increased (all p for trend <0.001). Moreover, serum AT3 was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r= –0.189, p<0.001) and positively correlated with ISIMatsuda (r=0.221, p<0.001). After adjusting for other metabolic risk factors, hemostatic parameters and glucose-lowering therapies by multivariate liner regression analysis, HOMA-IR (β= −0.185, t= −5.960, p<0.001) and ISIMatsuda (β= 0.197, t=6.632, p<0.001) remained independently associated with the serum AT3 activity in patients with T2D, respectively. Conclusions: Reduced basal and systemic insulin sensitivity are associated with decreased serum AT3 activity in patients with T2D.

scholarly journals Relationship of Anthropometric Indicators of General and Abdominal Obesity with Hypertension and Their Predictive Performance among Albanians: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3373
Author(s):  
Mohammad Redwanul Islam ◽  
Md Moinuddin ◽  
Samaha Masroor Saqib ◽  
Syed Moshfiqur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Conicity Index

Anthropometric indicators of general and abdominal obesity can predict cardiovascular disease outcomes. Their performance in predicting hypertension (HTN) varies across populations. We aimed to analyze the relationship of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and conicity index (CI) with HTN, to examine their predictive performance and to determine their optimal cut-offs in a nationally representative sample of Albanians aged 15–59 years (n = 20,635). Logistic regression models were fitted and sex-specific receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. The indicators were positively associated with HTN. Sex modified the relationships, as associations appeared significantly stronger among females than males in the highest categories of the indicators. The area under ROC curves (AUCs) for BMI were 0.729 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.720–0.738) among females and 0.648 (95% CI: 0.633–0.663) among males, and AUCs for WHtR were 0.725 (95% CI: 0.716–0.734) among females and 0.637 (95% CI: 0.622–0.652) among males. However, the AUCs for BMI and WHtR did not differ significantly among females (p = 0.279) and males (p = 0.227). BMI outperformed WC and CI in both sexes. The optimal BMI cut-offs were 27.0 kg/m2 among females and 25.6 kg/m2 among males, and that for WHtR were 0.53 among females and 0.54 among males. BMI and WHtR demonstrated similar discriminatory power, and the identified cut-offs may inform initiatives for structured HTN screening in Albania.

scholarly journals Circulating vaspin is unrelated to insulin sensitivity in a cohort of nondiabetic humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian von Loeffelholz ◽  
Matthias Möhlig ◽  
Ayman M Arafat ◽  
Frank Isken ◽  
Joachim Spranger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Status

ObjectiveTo study the association of vaspin with glucose metabolism.DesignCross-sectional and intervention study.Subjects and methodsThe association of serum vaspin with metabolic and anthropometric characteristics was investigated in 108 volunteers. Euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamps (EHC) were performed in 83 of the participants. Changes of circulating vaspin levels were additionally studied in a crossover study using 300 min EHC with lipid versus saline infusion (n=10).ResultsNeither glucose tolerance status nor insulin sensitivity, both as measured using EHCs and using homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), was significantly associated with serum vaspin in the cross-sectional study. Furthermore, there was no effect of short-term lipid-induced insulin resistance due to a 300 min intravenous lipid challenge on circulating vaspin. However, circulating vaspin levels were significantly elevated in women using oral contraceptives (OC), both compared to women without OC intake (1.17±0.26 vs 0.52±0.09 ng/ml, P=0.02) and males (1.17±0.26 vs 0.29±0.04 ng/ml, P=0.01). After exclusion of OC using females and stratification according to body mass index (BMI), a significant sexual dimorphism in subjects with a BMI <25 kg/m2 was observed (males 0.21±0.04 ng/ml versus females 0.70±0.16 ng/ml, P=0.009).ConclusionOur results support the existence of a sexual dimorphism regarding circulating vaspin. The lack of an association of serum vaspin with HOMA-IR and M value indicates, however, no major role for vaspin concerning insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic humans.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance is Associated with Central Pain in Patients with Fibromyalgia

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-184
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Pain ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hba1c Levels

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological condition in which cells fail to respond normally to insulin. IR has been associated with multiple conditions, including chronic pain. Fibromyalgia (FM) is one of the common generalized chronic painful conditions with an incidence rate affecting 3% to 6% of the population. Substantial interest and investigation into FM continue to generate many hypotheses. The relationship between IR and FM has not been explored. IR is known to cause abnormalities in the cerebral microvasculature, leading to focal hypoperfusion. IR also has been shown to cause cognitive impairment in FM patients, as in parkinsonism. As demonstrated by advanced imaging methods, similar brain perfusion abnormalities occur in the brain of patients with FM as with IR. OBJECTIVES: To determine the potential association between FM and IR. SETTING: Subspecialty pain medicine clinics. STUDY DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS: Laboratory data was extracted through a retrospective review of medical records from patients who had met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for FM. The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values from 33 patients with FM were compared with the means of the glycated HbA1c levels of 2 control populations. In addition, established indices of IR [Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)] were calculated in a subgroup of patients in whom the analytes necessary for these calculations were available. To assess for confounding factors, the associations between HbA1c, QUICKI, HOMA-IR, fasting insulin levels, and glucose, after controlling for age, were explored by multiple analyses of variance with relation to gender and ethnicity. RESULTS: We found an association between IR and FM that was independent of age, gender, and ethnicity. We found that patients with FM belong to a distinct population that can be segregated from the control groups by their HbA1c levels, a surrogate marker of IR. This was demonstrated by analyzing the data after introducing an age correction into a linear regression model. This strategy showed significant differences between patients with FM and control subjects (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0002, for 2 separate control populations, respectively). A subgroup analysis using the QUICKI and HOMA-IR showed that all patients with FM in this subgroup (100%) exhibited laboratory abnormalities pointing to IR. LIMITATIONS: Small observational cross-sectional study. There are also intrinsic limitations that are attributed to cross-sectional studies. CONCLUSION: The association demonstrated in this study warrant further investigation, including the pursuit of randomized, double-blind clinical trials to determine the effect of improving insulin sensitivity in FM related pain scores. Such studies could unveil a potential pathogenetic relationship between FM, central pain, and IR. Based on these initial findings, we present the hypothesis that IR may underlie pathological mechanisms leading to central pain. If confirmed, this may lead to a paradigm shift in the management of central pain. KEY WORDS: Fibromyalgia, insulin resistance, chronic widespread pain, hemoglobin A1c

scholarly journals Cumulative sitting time as discriminator of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity and lipid disorders in nursing university

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carneiro Mussi ◽  
Francisco Jose Gondim Pitanga ◽  
Cláudia Geovana da Silva Pires
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipid Disorders ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Cutoff Points

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n1p40 There is evidence demonstrating that prolonged sitting time is relevant risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to identify the discriminatory power and propose cumulative sitting time cutoff points for overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity and lipid disorders in nursing university students. A cross-sectional study of 137 women, nursing students from a public university in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Data were obtained by applying specific forms, laboratory and anthropometric measurements. The predictive power and cutoff points of sitting time for the outcomes of interest were identified by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). A 95% confidence interval was established. Sitting time for a day of the week was a good discriminator of abdominal obesity: area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.66 (0.57-0.75). No AUC with statistical significance were found to discriminate overweight and total obesity. Sitting time over the weekend showed no discriminatory power for overweight, obesity or abdominal obesity. Sitting time during the week or weekend did not discriminate lipid abnormalities. Sitting time for 8 hours or more a day during the week discriminates the presence of abdominal obesity. The sitting time during the week of 8 hours accumulated per day discriminates abdominal obesity in undergraduate nursing. It is suggested that educational institutions establish measures to encourage a reduction in this sedentary behavior.

scholarly journals Predicting Skeletal Muscle and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity Using NMR-Metabolomic Profiling

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riku Klén ◽  
Miikka-Juhani Honka ◽  
Jarna C Hannukainen ◽  
Ville Huovinen ◽  
Marco Bucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Purpose Abnormal lipoprotein and amino acid profiles are associated with insulin resistance and may help to identify this condition. The aim of this study was to create models estimating skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity using fasting metabolite profiles and common clinical and laboratory measures. Material and Methods The cross-sectional study population included 259 subjects with normal or impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes in whom skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity (M-value) were measured during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Muscle glucose uptake (GU) was measured directly using [18F]FDG-PET. Serum metabolites were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We used linear regression to build the models for the muscle GU (Muscle-insulin sensitivity index [ISI]) and M-value (whole-body [WB]-ISI). The models were created and tested using randomly selected training (n = 173) and test groups (n = 86). The models were compared to common fasting indices of insulin sensitivity, homeostatic model assessment—insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Results WB-ISI had higher correlation with actual M-value than HOMA-IR or revised QUICKI (ρ = 0.83 vs −0.67 and 0.66; P &lt; 0.05 for both comparisons), whereas the correlation of Muscle-ISI with the actual skeletal muscle GU was not significantly stronger than HOMA-IR’s or revised QUICKI’s (ρ = 0.67 vs −0.58 and 0.59; both nonsignificant) in the test dataset. Conclusion Muscle-ISI and WB-ISI based on NMR-metabolomics and common laboratory measurements from fasting serum samples and basic anthropometrics are promising rapid and inexpensive tools for determining insulin sensitivity in at-risk individuals.

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