Overweight, obesity, steps, and moderate to vigorous physical activity in children

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to establish cutoff points for the number of steps/day and minutes/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity in relation to the risk of childhood overweight and obesity and their respective associations. In addition, we aim to identify the amount of steps/day needed to achieve the recommendation of moderate to vigorous physical activity in children from São Caetano do Sul. METHODS In total, 494 children have used an accelerometer to monitor steps/day and the intensity of physical activity (min/day). The moderate to vigorous physical activity has been categorized according to the public health recommendation (≤ 60 versus > 60 min/day). Overweight or obesity is defined as body mass index > +1 SD, based on reference data from the World Health Organization. The data on family income, education of parents, screen time, diet pattern, and sedentary time have been collected by questionnaires. Logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic curves have been constructed. RESULTS On average, boys walked more steps/day (1,850) and performed more min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (23.1) than girls. Overall, 51.4% of the children have been classified as eutrophic and 48.6% as overweight or obese. Eutrophic boys walked 1,525 steps/day and performed 18.6 minutes/day more of moderate to vigorous physical activity than those with overweight/obesity (p < 0.05). The same has not been found in girls (p > 0.05). The cutoff points to prevent overweight and obesity in boys and girls were 10,500 and 8,500 steps/day and 66 and 46 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity, respectively. The walking of 9,700 steps/day for boys and 9,400 steps/day for girls ensures the scope of the recommendation of moderate to vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSIONS In boys, steps/day and moderate to vigorous physical activity have been negatively associated with body mass index, regardless of race, family income, education of parents, screen time, diet pattern, and sedentary time. We suggest, for steps/day and moderate to vigorous physical activity, studies with different ages and populations, with different designs, so as to inform the cause and effect relationship with various health parameters.

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Enrolling Caregivers in Obesity Interventions to Improve Obesity-Related Outcomes in Children

Western Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/01939459211037057 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019394592110370

Author(s):

Hannah Bessette ◽

MinKyoung Song ◽

Karen S. Lyons ◽

Sydnee Stoyles ◽

Christopher S. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss Program ◽

Weight Loss Programs ◽

Obesity Interventions

In this study, we assessed the influences of change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/sedentary time (ST) of caregivers participating in a commercial weight-loss program on their children’s change in MVPA/ST. Data from 29 caregivers and their children were collected over 8 weeks. We used multivariable linear regression to assess associations of changes in caregiver’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST and changes in their child’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST. For caregivers that decreased body mass index (BMI) over 8 weeks, changes in caregivers’ MVPA was strongly associated with the change in children’s MVPA (β = 2.61 [95% CI: 0.45, 4.77]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.24 [–2.16, 2.64]). Changes in caregivers’ ST was strongly associated with changes in children’s ST (β = 2.42 [1.02, 3.81]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.35 [–0.45, 1.14]). Findings reinforce encouraging caregivers to enroll in weight-loss programs for the benefit of their children as well as for themselves.

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Better health indicators of FitSpirit participants meeting 24-h movement guidelines for Canadian children and youth

Health Promotion International ◽

10.1093/heapro/daaa102 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roseane de Fátima Guimarães ◽

Jo-Anne Gilbert ◽

Jean Lemoyne ◽

Marie-Eve Mathieu

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Screen Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional

Summary This study aims to determine the proportion of girls who meet the recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen time and sleep duration among FitSpirit participants and evaluate the associations of these recommendations with perceived health-related quality of life (QOL), perceived health, physical activity (PA), self-efficacy and body mass index. Cross-sectional analyses of FitSpirit data were performed. All variables were collected through an online questionnaire. The proportion of girls meeting all recommendations was 2.2%, while 72.5% met either one or two and 25.4% met none. A greater percentage of girls with ≥3 years in FitSpirit met MVPA and sleep recommendations combined when compared with fewer years (12.9% vs. 1.7% with 1 year; vs. 10.1% with 2 years; p < 0.05). Meeting the combinations of MVPA and screen time (β = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.40, 1.68), MVPA and sleep (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.27, 1.04) and all three combined (β = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.33, 1.71) was the most significant predictors of better perceived QOL. Respecting MVPA recommendations predicted a better perceived health (β = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.18, 0.87) while girls who slept as recommended had a better PA-related self-efficacy (β = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.51, 2.11). Not meeting any recommendation was associated with inferior PA-related self-efficacy (β = −0.32, 95% CI = −3.03, −1.21). Lastly, meeting MVPA and sleep recommendations was significantly associated with lower body mass index z-scores (β = −0.14, 95% CI = −1.16, −0.11). There was a small percentage of girls following all of the recommendations. Furthermore, meeting individual and combined recommendations was associated with better perceived QOL and health, PA self-efficacy as well as healthier body mass index z-score.

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Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in School-Aged Children

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2016-0234 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 408-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Eimear Keane ◽

Xia Li ◽

Janas M. Harrington ◽

Anthony P. Fitzgerald ◽

Ivan J. Perry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Screen Time ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Independent Association

Purpose:Globally, public health policies are targeting modifiable lifestyle behaviors. We explore the independent association of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on the risk of childhood overweight/obesity.Method:A cross-sectional survey of children aged 8–11 years (N = 826). Objective body mass index was used to classify children as normal weight or overweight/obese. Children wore wrist-worn Geneactiv accelerometers for 7-days and thresholds were applied to categorize MVPA and sedentary time. Screen time (ST) was parent reported. Poisson regression examined the independent association of (1) MVPA (2), objective sedentary time and (3) ST on the risk of overweight/obesity.Results:Overall, 23.7% (95% CI, 20.8–26.6%) of children were overweight/obese. On average, children spent 10.8% of waking time at MVPA and 61.3% sedentary. One-fifth (22.1%, 95% CI, 19.3–25.0%) of children achieved MVPA recommendations (≥ 60 min each day) and 17.5% (95% CI, 14.9–20.1%) met ST recommendations (<2 hr per day). Time spent at MVPA was inversely associated with the risk of overweight/obese independent of total sedentary time. Total time spent sedentary was not associated with overweight/obese independent of MVPA. ST was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obese independent of physical activity.Conclusion:Few schoolchildren met physical activity and screen time recommendations suggesting population based measures are needed.

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The influence of maternal body mass index and physical activity on select cardiovascular risk factors of preadolescent Hispanic children

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e6100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Basil A. Alhassan ◽

Ying Liu ◽

Deborah Slawson ◽

Jonathan M. Peterson ◽

Jo-Ann Marrs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Screen Time ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Cross Sectional

Background Maternal obesity and physical inactivity have been identified as correlates of overweight and obesity and physical inactivity in older preadolescents; however, no study has explored this relationship in Hispanic preadolescents. Furthermore, the relation between maternal physical activity (PA) and blood pressure (BP) in Hispanic preadolescents has not been examined. Purpose This study aimed to assess the associations between Hispanic mothers’ PA and body mass index (BMI) and their preadolescents’ PA, screen time, BP, and BMI. Methods Data of 118 mother-child (aged 2–10 years) dyads enrolled in a cross-sectional study of metabolic syndrome in Hispanic preadolescents at a community health center in Johnson City, TN were used. Parent and child questionnaires were used to ascertain mothers’ BMI and PA and preadolescents’ PA and screen time. Preadolescents’ height, weight, and BP were measured. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between child and maternal variables, adjusting for mother’s education and the child’s sex and age. Results Pradolescents of obese mothers were more likely than preadolescents of mothers with normal weight to engage in less than three days of at least 60 min of vigorous PA per week (OR: 6.47, 95% CI [1.61–26.0]). Preadolescents whose mothers did not engage in moderate PA were more likely to engage in less than three days of at least 60 min of vigorous PA per week (OR: 2.92, CI [1.18–7.24]); and have elevated BP (OR: 2.50, 95% CI [1.02–4.53]) than preadolescents whose mothers engaged in moderate PA. Discussion Our results show a negative relationship between maternal obesity and preadolescent PA, and a positive relationship between lower maternal PA and elevated BP and lower PA in Hispanic preadolescents. This suggests that interventions aimed at improving Hispanic preadolescents’ PA and BP may use maternal PA and maternal BMI (for preadolescent PA) as a modification strategy to improve health in Hispanic preadolescents.

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Relationship between Gender, Physical Activity, Screen Time, Body Mass Index and Wellbeing in Irish Children from Social-Disadvantage

Child Care in Practice ◽

10.1080/13575279.2021.1887815 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Wesley O’Brien ◽

Sarahjane Belton ◽

Ben Fitzpatrick ◽

Stephen Shannon ◽

Deirdre Brennan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Screen Time ◽

Social Disadvantage

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Body Composition, Psychological, Cardiovascular, and Physical Activity Factors Related with Academic School Performance

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13168775 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 8775

Author(s):

Laura Redondo-Flórez ◽

Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo ◽

Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Body Composition ◽

Academic Performance ◽

Body Mass ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

Motor Development ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Students

The aim of the present study was to analyse body composition, anxiety, cardiovascular, and physical activity factors related with academic performance of school students as well as to analyse differences, by age, in these factors. We analysed in 266 primary school students’ (8.81 ± 1.62 years, range: 5–13 years) heart rate, anthropometric variables to calculate body mass index, physical activity performance, anxiety levels and academic results by the average of marks. Students were divided in two different groups, firstly by their lower or higher academic performance, and secondly by age. Results showed a negative correlation between academic performance and age, weight, body mass index and trait anxiety variables. Additionally, significant differences were found by age, presenting older students higher scores in body mass index and lower physical activity, trait anxiety, heart rate and academic performance values than younger students. Overweight and obesity may have a great impact in academic performance in children and we pointed out the necessity to establish programs related with healthy habits which include improvements in physical activity and nutrition behaviours with the objective to enhance children’s health general status, psychological profile, cognitive and motor development, and academic performance.

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Effect modification of cardiorespiratory fitness, obesity, and physical activity in adults

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-1562-6014 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria do Socorro Simoes ◽

Fernando Wehrmeister ◽

Marcello Romiti ◽

Antonio de Toledo Gagliardi ◽

Rodolfo Arantes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Effect Modification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arterial Blood

We investigated if cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the association between obesity and the level of physical activity. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 746 adults, free of diagnosed cardiorespiratory or locomotor diseases. We analyzed sociodemographic and clinical information, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, anthropometry, and level of physical activity (time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Those that spent more time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were younger, male, with lower body mass index, without self-reported arterial blood hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, non-smokers, and presented with better cardiorespiratory fitness. The linear regression coefficients showed that cardiorespiratory fitness changes according to the level of physical activity and body mass index (obesity in low cardiorespiratory fitness: β 6.0, p = 0.213, 95%CI -3.5 to 15.6; in intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness: β 6.3, p = 0.114, 95%CI -1.5 to 14.2; in high cardiorespiratory fitness: β -6.3, p = 0.304, 95%CI -18.4 to 5.8). This effect modification trend was present after adjusting the model by covariates. Cardiorespiratory fitness potentially modifies the association between body mass index and the level of physical activity. It should be routinely assessed to identify persons with overweight/ obesity with low/ intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness to prescribe individualized training.

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Objectively measured physical activity levels in physical education classes and body mass index (Niveles de actividad física medida objetivamente en las clases de educación física y el índice de masa grasa)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i31.53502 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 271-274

Author(s):

Manuela Costa ◽

Tânia Oliveira ◽

Jorge Mota ◽

Maria Paula Santos ◽

José Carlos Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Public Schools ◽

Physical Education ◽

Body Mass ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

The Body ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Objectively Measured

Objective: The objective of this study was twofold. First, analyze physical activity (PA) levels during physical education (PE) with different durations (45 and 90 minutes) according to student’s obesity status. Secondly, we examine the relative contribution of 45 and 90 minutes PE (45PE and 90PE) for the compliance of the daily PA recommendations according to the body mass index (BMI). Methods: Four public schools were analyzed. The sample comprised 472 youngsters (266 girls) aged between 10 and 18 years old. PA was assessed using an Actigraph accelerometer. The participants were categorized as non-overweight (NOW) and overweight/obese (OW) according to the sex-adjusted BMI. Results: The proportion of Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) was lower than the 50% recommended by guidelines regardless the PE duration. Our data showed that only 26% of NOW and 13% of OW in the 45PE achieved the recommended levels while 17% of NOW and 11% of OW achieved the recommendation in 90PE. Overall, the 90PE had a higher absolute contribution for daily MVPA recommendations compliance than 45PE. Conclusion: During PE classes youngsters spent a reduced amount of time in MVPA, independently of their weight status.Resumen. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene un doble objetivo. En primero lugar, analizar los niveles de la actividad física durante la educación física con diferentes duraciones (45 y 90 minutos) de acuerdo con el estado de la obesidad de los alumnos. En segundo lugar, se analiza la contribución relativa de 45 y 90 minutos de la educación física para el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones diarias de actividad física según el índice de masa grasa. Métodos: cuatro escuelas públicas fueran analizadas. La muestra fue de 472 jóvenes (266 chicas) con edades entre los 10 y 18 años. La actividad física fue medida utilizando un acelerómetro Actigraph. Los participantes fueran clasificados como sin sobrepeso y con sobrepeso/obesidad de acuerdo con el índice de masa grasa ajustado al género. Resultados: La proporción de la actividad física moderada y vigorosa fue inferior al 50% recomendado por las recomendaciones independiente de la duración de la clase de educación física. Nuestros datos muestran que solo unos 26% de los niños sin sobrepeso y unos 13% de niñoss con sobrepeso/obesidad llegaron al los niveles recomendados en las clases de 45 min, mientras el 17% de los jóvenes sin sobrepeso y el 11% con sobrepeso/obesidad han logrado las recomendaciones en las clases de 90 min. En general, las clases de 90 min tienen una mayor contribución para cumplimiento de las recomendaciones diarias de actividad física moderada a vigorosa do que las clases de 45 min. Conclusión: Durante las clases de educación física los jóvenes tuvieran una cantidad reducida de tiempo en actividad física moderada a vigorosa, independiente de su estado de peso.

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Physical activity modifies the risk of atrial fibrillation in obese individuals: The HUNT3 study

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487318784365 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 1646-1652 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Lars E Garnvik ◽

Vegard Malmo ◽

Imre Janszky ◽

Ulrik Wisløff ◽

Jan P Loennechen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Body Mass ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Increased Risk

Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and high body mass index is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index and risk of atrial fibrillation, and the modifying role of physical activity on the association between body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Design The design was a prospective cohort study. Methods This study followed 43,602 men and women from the HUNT3 study in 2006–2008 until first atrial fibrillation diagnosis or end of follow-up in 2015. Atrial fibrillation diagnoses were collected from hospital registers and validated by medical doctors. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess the association between physical activity, body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (352,770 person-years), 1459 cases of atrial fibrillation were detected (4.1 events per 1000 person-years). Increasing levels of physical activity were associated with gradually lower risk of atrial fibrillation ( p trend 0.069). Overweight and obesity were associated with an 18% (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.35) and 59% (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.84) increased risk of atrial fibrillation, respectively. High levels of physical activity attenuated some of the higher atrial fibrillation risk in obese individuals (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.28 in active and 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.44–2.67 in inactive) compared to normal weight active individuals. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Physical activity offsets some, but not all, atrial fibrillation risk associated with obesity.

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Abstract 15499: Children After Fontan have the Strength, Body Composition, and Daily Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Required for Successful Participation with Peers

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.15499 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Patricia E Longmuir ◽

Mary Corey ◽

Guy Faulkner ◽

Jennifer L Russell ◽

Brian W McCrindle

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Mass ◽

Daily Activity ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Daily Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: This cross-sectional study evaluated the healthy, active lifestyle capacity (daily physical activity, strength, flexibility, body composition) of children after Fontan, which was hypothesized to be lower than healthy peers. Methods: Participants (n=64, 25 female) were 9 ± 2 years of age. Fontan completion occurred at 3 ± 1 years of age. Canadian Health Measures Survey protocols assessed aerobic endurance (walking up/down steps at set pace), strength (handgrip dynamometry), flexibility (sit and reach), body composition (body mass index) and daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (7-day accelerometry). Participant versus published norm differences were evaluated with t-tests. Linear regression evaluated associations with age/gender/demographic factors. Results: Children after Fontan had strength scores similar (mean difference 1 kg) to their peers, were less likely to be obese (mean difference of body mass index = 1.1 ± 2.5, p=.001) and performed 50 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per day. Estimated maximal aerobic endurance (mean difference = 21 ± 3 ml/kg/min or 61% of expected) and flexibility (mean difference = 9 ± 8 cm or 64% of expected) were lower than peers(p<.001). Participants performed fewer minutes of daily activity (mean difference from normal 12 ± 17 minutes/day, p<.001), but almost all (60/63) demonstrated the capacity for at least 20 minutes per day. Daily activity was higher with Fontan completion at a younger age (4 ± 2 mins/year) and for those taking antithrombotic medication (7 ± 18 and 22 ± 17 fewer minutes/day for those taking/not taking antithrombotics, respectively). Conclusions: Children after Fontan demonstrate the capacity to successfully perform the daily physical activity associated with optimal health. They have similar levels of strength and good body composition. We recommend that children after Fontan be counselled to expect that they can successfully participate in physically active peer play.

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