scholarly journals Musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students: prevalence and associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Xavier Morais ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Rafaela Andolhe ◽  
Angela Isabel dos Santos Dullius ◽  
Laurelize Pereira Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
South Of Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students from a university in the south of Brazil between April and July 2017. The Brazilian version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and a questionnaire for the characterization of students were used. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test and Poisson regression were used for the analysis. Results: Participation of 792 undergraduate health students. The region of the vertebral column had a higher prevalence (74.9%) of musculoskeletal pain. The variables of female sex, age between 18 and 20 years, overweight, not having time for leisure, six or more daily hours of mobile phone use, having a clinical condition with medical diagnosis and attending the intermediate or final semesters of the course were associated with musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion: The high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain demonstrates the need for strategies aimed at preventing this aggravation still in the academic setting.

scholarly journals Behavioural perspective of tobacco use among youth of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state in central part of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Rahul Narayan Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Tobacco ◽  
Youth Perspective

Objective: This study was conducted to find out the youth perspective about the use of tobacco and its ill effects. The survey was conducted at a private Engineering college of Nagpur, Maharashtra India. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study with self-administered modified Global youth tobacco survey (GYTS) questionnaire was used for data collection. Eight hundred nine college students of age group between 17 year-24years were included in this study. The questionnaire comprised of information on socio-demographic characteristics and questionnaire was used to gather data on knowledge, attitude and practices of participants about tobacco use. Data analysis was performed by using chi-square test and Statistical significance was measured at a level of 0.05. Result: Out of 806 total participants, 136 (16.8) were current tobacco consumers, significantly high prevalence of tobacco use was observed among boys 106 (13.1) than girls 30 (3.7). Moreover, a higher number of boys 106 (13.1) started smoking at young adolescent age (13- 20 years) than girls30 (3.7). Conclusion: The findings in the study suggest that tobacco use is still an important risk behavior amongst students. Tobacco use was comparatively higher amongst boys though its use is not restricted to them only. There is a need to plan to gather nationwide baseline data on the use of tobacco by young adolescents and the factors associated with initiation of tobacco habit.KeywordsGlobal youth tobacco survey (GYTS); Tobacco prevalence; Tobacco use among youth.

scholarly journals Study on prevalence of hypertension in gazetted officers

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Prakash Dudhani ◽  
Sanjay Khandekar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Background: There was a strong correlation between increase in hypertension and changing lifestyle factors. The problem which lies with the hypertension is that it cannot be cured completely. And its management requires lifelong medication with some life-style modifications. Decreased physical activities coupled with increased mental tension are important contributors of hypertension. They are usually seen amongst employees of the profession where working is typically sedentary.  The main objectives were to study on prevalence of hypertension and risk factors among Government Gazetted officers of Maharashtra, India.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried among gazetted officers working in various departments of state Government for a period of one year in Solapur district. 355 Gazetted Government officers of class I & class II cadre were studied. Blood pressure was measured with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Chi-square test was applied to assess risk factors.Results: In present study, the prevalence of hypertension among Gazetted officers was observed 20.28%. There was significant positive association was found between age and prevalence of hypertension. And also it was found significantly higher in men than women. The association between education and hypertension found to be statistically significant (P<0.001), while there was no association between socioeconomic status and hypertension was found (P=0.33). Prevalence of hypertension was noted higher at every level of BMI. Prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in smokers, alcoholic and had significant association (P<0.05).Conclusions: We conclude that, because of high prevalence of hypertension in Gazetted officers, periodically they should be screened for the same.

scholarly journals ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA, AND COCAINE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS FROM RIBEIRÃO PRETO - BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline de Souza ◽  
Hayley Hamilton ◽  
Maria da Gloria Miotto Wright
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine use, abuse, and dependence, and to identify the association between the use of these substances and the academic performance of undergraduate students. Method: a cross-sectional study with 275 undergraduate students from health and humanities courses at a university in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. The instruments used were the Questionnaire for Screening the Use of Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances and the student’s self-report on their performance considering a scale from zero to 10. For analysis, Fisher’s Exact Test and Pearson’s Chi-square test were used. Results: the pattern of alcohol and cocaine use in the sample studied was similar to the national average; however the prevalence of marijuana abuse was higher than the average. The use of marijuana was associated with the students’ academic performance in this study. Conclusion: the same association between abuse of and dependence on marijuana was not identified in the sample studied.

scholarly journals Sleep Hours: Risk behavior in adolescents from different countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-965
Author(s):  
Silvia Bandeira da Silva Lima ◽  
Walcir Ferreira-Lima ◽  
Flávia Évelin Bandeira Lima ◽  
Fellipe Bandeira Lima ◽  
Amanda Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
Smirnov Test

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify sleep hours and associated factors among Brazilian and Spanish students. A cross-sectional study with students aged 11 to 16 years-old was carried out in Paranavaí, Brasil (n = 264) and Cáceres, Spain (n = 233) between 2013 and 2015. Sleeping hours were verified regarding time in minutes, sleep in weekdays, weekends and after lunch/Siesta. All data were checked for normality by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test (X2) and Odds Ratio estimates were used (p < 0.05). High prevalence in both groups of sleeping 8 hours or more a night at the weekend. The prevalence of sleeping on weekdays, > 8 hours, 6 to 8 hours and < 6 hours among Spanish and Brazilian students, respectively. Nearly a quarter of each group responded that makes the siesta. Spanish students had 3 times higher chance to sleep < 8 hours a night in weekdays, among students from 14 to 16 years old and among the underactive. At the weekends the chance of sleeping < 8 hours is 2 times greater among the Spanish students. Simple guidelines could help so that sleep habits do not affect school development, such as practicing physical activity regularly, sleeping at least 8 hours a night, avoid excessive access to technology at night.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Children Aged One to Five Years in Siyambalanduwa MOH Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: High prevalence of child undernutrition is a well-known issue in rural areas of Si Lanka. Identification of real burden, underlying specific causes and addressing those issues will help to improve the nutritional status of those children. Objective: To describe the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged one to five years in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 child-mother pairs in Siyambalanduwa MOH area using two stage cluster sampling method. Data collection done by using pre tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Relevant anthropometric measurements were done according to WHO slandered guidelines. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. The chi-square test was used, and P<0.05 was considered for statistically significant. Results: Overall 41% of children aged 1-5 years were undernourished in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Among the study subjects 24% were underweight, 25.7% were stunted, 16.4% were wasted, 9.2% were both underweight & stunted, 6.8% were both, underweight & wasted, 0.5% were both stunted & wasted and 9.9% were underweight & stunted g & wasted. Only the low total monthly income (P<0.001) and low birth weight (P<0.001) were significantly associated with child undernutrition. Conclusions and recommendations: Prevalence of undernutrition among children aged 1-5 years is unacceptably high and urgent efforts to reduce undernutrition should be a priority. Future studies should focus on assessing how to reduce the burden of undernutrition with low cost interventions.

Self-Medication Among Undergraduate Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Hina Khan ◽  
Jamil Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of self-medication among undergraduate students of medical sciences Study design and setting: Cross-sectional Study was conducted at Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, from October 2019 to February 2020. Methodology: Data was collected after an ethical approval of concerned institute; total of 150 students included from the 1st, 3rd and final year of MBBS. Valid questionnaire was used to evaluate the response of the participants regarding selfmedication. Verbal consent was taken from the students, and then they were asked to fill their responses. Data was evaluated in the form of frequency and percentages through SPSS version 21.0. Chi-square test was applied, and the level of significance was considered p=<0.05 Results: Out of total of 150 students, 58.7% were males and 41.3% females. In students of 1st, 3rd and 5th year the most common morbidity for seeking self-medication was headache, flu/cough, fever, and pain. The percentage of drug/ drug groups commonly used for self-medication included antipyretics being 36%, 54% and 64%, antibiotics were 50%, 86% and 90%, and analgesics was 42%, 62% and 64% in 1st, 3rd and 5th years respectively. Common reasons for pursuing selfmedication were minor illnesses (50%, 81%, 94%), easy availability (52%, 82%, 92%) and quick-relief (50%, 58%, 100%) in 1st, 3rd and 5th year respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, self-medication was observed in a large percentage of students. Thus, medical curricula need further consideration to promote awareness regarding the disadvantages of self-medication in undergraduates so we can curb this self-medication culture from our society

scholarly journals Prevalence, pattern and determinants of tobacco use among persons of tribal origin in a primary care centre in Wayanad, Kerala

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3153
Author(s):  
Reshma Javed ◽  
Avani Dinesh ◽  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Sanjeev Vasudevan ◽  
Minumaria Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Waking Up

Background: Persons of tribal origin account for over a quarter of India’s poorest people and also have a higher burden of disease attributable to adverse effects of tobacco use. Therefore, this study was planned in a health facility in Wayanad District to assess prevalence, pattern and determinants of tobacco use.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the persons of tribal origin by interview method using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire in a primary care facility in Wayanad, Kerala. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140; 524 persons of tribal origin were enrolled. The chi-square test, logistic regression was used to determine association between qualitative variables.Results: Mean age of respondents was 42.52±16.95 years. The proportion of current tobacco users was found to be 39.1% (95% CI 34.9-43.4). Majority of respondents (90.2%) chewed tobacco, only 5.2% were smokers and 0.2% used other forms such as snuff. Of the tobacco users 81.95% had considered quitting. One in five persons, 19.9% used tobacco within 30 minutes of waking up. By logistic regression, men were found to be 2.59 times (95% CI 1.69, 3.97; p<0.001), illiterates 2.25 times (95% CI 1.51, .35; <0.001) and Paniya group 2.36 times (95% CI 1.6, 3.48) more likely to use tobacco.Conclusions: A high prevalence of tobacco use, early initiation and dependency, are a challenge to tobacco control among the socially and economically vulnerable indigenous people. However, the desire and attempts made to quit tobacco can be leveraged for harm reduction and tobacco cessation among males, Paniyas and illiterate people.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and nutritional status of individuals in a socially vulnerable situation in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Godoy ◽  
◽  
Karin Eleonora de Oliveira Sávio ◽  
Rita de Cássia Akutsu ◽  
Muriel Bauermann Gubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Program ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract The objective was to investigate the association between food insecurity (FI) and anthropometric indicators among beneficiaries of a Brazilian social program called Community Canteens (CCs). This was a cross-sectional study. The associations were analyzed by chi-square test and Poisson regression. The subjects were 1,232 patrons of Brazil’s CCs. Men with severe FI had a lower mean BMI (-1.53 kg/m2) and a lower body fat percentage (-3.83 percentage points). Men that had a fat percentage classified as “risk of diseases associated with malnutrition” had a 2.34 times greater chance of experiencing severe FI, as did those who had low weight (PR: 2.64). However, these results were no longer significant after Poisson regression. With respect to women, there were no significant associations between the variables studied and FI. The high prevalence of overweight and body fat in the population at all of the FI levels and for both sexes are an indication of the complexity of the Brazilian scenario regarding the aspect of nutrition and excess weight in poor communities.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN IBU HAMIL DALAM MEMANFAATKAN LAYANAN VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Sri Melda Br Bangun ◽  
BASYARIAH LUBIS ◽  
Raisha Octavariny ◽  
Surio Retno
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Voluntary Counseling ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

Currently in Indonesia there is an increase in the prevalence of HIV / AIDS in housewives, followed by a high prevalence of HIV in children. This study used a cross sectional study design with a sample of 50 pregnant women using the stratified random sampling method with the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between age, work status, knowledge, attitude, and distance of pregnant women in utilizing voluntary counseling and test services

scholarly journals Frequency and Location of Supernumerary Teeth in a Private Hospital of Karachi City

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Syed Ahmed Omer ◽  
Seema Nisar ◽  
Perveen Memon ◽  
Hamidullah Arif ◽  
Raza Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Supernumerary Tooth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Location Study

Objective: To investigate frequency of supernumerary tooth in relation to gender, age and location. Study Design and Setting: Cross-sectional Study was conducted at Mamji Hospital, Karachi from June 2017 to June 2019. Methodology: A total of 2160 patients seen and out of which 45 clinically diagnosed patients of supernumerary teeth were participated in this study. Supernumerary teeth were classified on the basis of location. Descriptive statistics were checked by means of percentages and frequency of all variables. Chi-Square test was applied, P-value < 0.05was considered significant. Results: The total patients were 45 which comprised of 26 male and 19 females with ages ranging from 15 to 60 years. The prevalence of ST was 1.59%, the higher predilection of supernumerary teeth was seen in males than females. The male to female’s ratio was 1.36:1. On the basis of location ST were further classified on Mesiodens, Paramolars and Distomolars category. Of the 45 supernumerary teeth, 36 were had Mesiodens (m= 62.1%, f=37.8%), 5 were Paramolars (m=60%, f=40%) and 3 were Distomolars (m=0, f= 100%). Conclusion: The present study findings showed high prevalence of ST was dominant in males. Present study emphasizes the timely diagnosis and appropriate management of supernumerary teeth to avoid unwanted complications

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