scholarly journals Physical chemistry evaluation of stability, spreadability, in vitro antioxidant, and photo-protective capacities of topical formulations containing Calendula officinalis L. leaf extract

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Cecília Kessler Nunes Deuschle ◽  
Regis Augusto Norbert Deuschle ◽  
Mariana Rocha Bortoluzzi ◽  
Margareth Linde Athayde
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Topical Formulations ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L ◽  
Gel Formulations

Calendula is used widely in cosmetic formulations that present phenolic compounds in their chemical constitution. The objective of our research was to develop and evaluate the stability of topical formulations containing 5% hydro-ethanolic extract of calendula leaves, including spreadability, and in vitro photo-protective, and antioxidant capacity. To evaluate the stability, we used organoleptic characteristics, pH, and viscosity parameters. Antioxidant capacity was measured by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, and the photo-protective capacity by SPF spectrophotometric measure. All formulations were stable. The calendula extract formulations in gel and cream showed no significant variations in pH, and the cream formulations presented lower viscosity variations than gel formulations. The spreadability of the gel formulations was superior to those in cream. The formulations also presented good antioxidant capacities and an FPS of around 1.75. In accordance with the results, the formulations can be used as antioxidants, but considering the low SPF obtained, calendula cannot be considered as a stand-alone sunscreen, yet may well be tested in future studies towards verifying enhancement of synthetic sunscreens.

scholarly journals Determination of Sunscreen activity of Viola odorata (Banafsha) ethanolic extract and its formulated Gel by UV Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
Reecha Madaan ◽  
Rajni Bala ◽  
Anuja Verma ◽  
Rajdeep Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Viola Odorata ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Gel Formulations

In the present study, ethanolic extract of Banafsha i.e., Viola odorata (Violaceae) and its gel formulations was evaluated for its sun protection activity by ultraviolet spectroscopy method. The phytoconstituents like flavonoids, phenolics present in Viola odorata may be responsible for scavenging action on UV-induced reactive oxygen species.  Extraction of aerial parts of the plant was done in the Soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as solvent. 1ml, 2ml, and 4ml of ethanol extract (200µg/ml) of the plant were used to formulate three gels (F1-F3) using Carabopol 940, 0.5% Methyl paraben, 0.2% Propyl paraben, Propylene glycol 400 and Triethanolamine.  Mansur et al. UV spectrophotometric method was used to investigate the in vitro SPF of the Viola odorata ethanolic extracts (100&200µg/ml) and its formulated gels (F1-F3).  Physical parameters like color, appearance, spreadability, pH, homogeneity, viscosity were determined to evaluate formulated gels. Based on the calculated SPF value, F3 formulation was chosen for the stability study. Ethanolic extract of Viola odorata (100 µg/ml and 200µg/ml) have SPF value 4.05±0.07 and 11.66±0.04, respectively. Gel formulations (F1-F3) containing 1, 2,4ml of 200µg/ml of ethanol extract have SPF values about 2.89±0.11, 4.20±0.08, and 5.63±0.07, respectively. The SPF values determined to confirm the capacity of gels to absorb UV radiation. No significant alterations in physicochemical parameters and SPF values were observed during the stability evaluation of F3 gel. Results proves that Viola odorata is a safe alternative which can be used over harmful chemical sunscreens used now a days in the industry and in the future plant can be explored for active component for better protection against sun rays.

scholarly journals Phytochemical evaluation and in vitro antioxidant and photo-protective capacity of Calendula officinalis L. leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 693-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.C.K.N. DEUSCHLE ◽  
R.A.N. DEUSCHLE ◽  
M. PIANA ◽  
A.A. BOLIGON ◽  
M.R.B. BORTOLUZZI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

ABSTRACT The plant Calendula officinalis L. is widely applied due to its medicinal properties, which are mainly dermatological and ornamental. The goal of this study is to assess the phytochemical components in a hydroethanolic extract (HECO) from the leaves of Calendula officinalis L. using UV-VIS spectrophotometry and thin layer chromatography (TLC), as well as to identify and quantify the components related to its antioxidant capacity employing high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC). The antioxidant capacity evaluation was performed using the DPPH method for superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. The photo-protective capacity was evaluated by UVspectrophotometry in order to determine the in vitro Sun Protection Factor(SPF). The results show the plant’s strong antioxidant activity (DPPH and hydroxyl methods), which we believe to be related to the presence of flavonoids (24.67 mg/g), polyphenols (33.90 mg/g), condensed tannins (27.30 mg/g), and the amount of rutin (37.25 mg/g), and quercetin (6.09 mg/g) found during the study. The HECO presented a good antioxidant capacity, most likely due to the polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins in its contents. However, the obtained SPF of 1.89 ± 0.05 does not allow the plant to be classified as a stand-alone sunscreen, and more studies are needed in order to test its ability to enhance sunscreens in existing cosmetic formulations.

scholarly journals Stability of the Ellagitannin Fraction and Antioxidant Capacity of Varietal Pomegranate Juices

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000
Author(s):  
Pedro Mena ◽  
Cristina García-Viguera
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Punica Granatum L

This work aimed to assess the effect of combining two pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars at different rates on the ellagitannin content, antioxidant capacity, and total phenolic content of varietal pomegranate juices. Widely distinct juices made from Mollar de Elche and Wonderful cultivars were used for the elaboration of blended juices. They were stored for 70 days at both room and refrigeration temperatures. This study revealed a significant cultivar effect on the stability of main pomegranate ellagitannins (punicalagins, punicalins, punicalagin-like compound, and ellagic acid derivatives) and on the antioxidant capacity measured by the ABTS+ and DPPH• in vitro assays. Blended juices enhanced and/or retained the initial ellagitannin content and antioxidant capacity of pure juices during storage. Thus, blending varietal juices could be suggested as a promising alternative to the development of fresh juices with a high, stable phytochemical load.

Development and In vitro Evaluation of Nifedipine Gel Formulations for Anorectal Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-139
Author(s):  
Nuray Bagci ◽  
Zerrin Sezgin Bayindir ◽  
Ozge Inal ◽  
Nurten Altanlar ◽  
Nilufer Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Flow ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Thixotropic Behavior ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydrophilic Gel ◽  
Gel Formulations

Objective: Current study focuses on the formulation and characterization of lipophilic and hydrophilic gel formulations of nifedipine to treat anal fissure via anodermal application. Methods: Lipophilic gels were prepared with Aerosil grades as gelling agents in bulk oils. Polyethylene glycols, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Carbopol® 974P were used as gelling agents in water and propylene glycol for forming hydrophilic gels. The effect of repeated Freeze-Thaw Cycles (FT-C) on microstructures of the gels was investigated by examining viscosity, rheology and textural properties. Aerosil 200 containing lipophilic gels exhibited thixotropic behavior with plastic flow properties and higher viscosities. Result: Accordingly, their compressibility and adhesiveness increased. FT-C caused notable changes in microstructures and textural properties of the lipophilic gels excluding the formulation containing Aerosil 200-in-isopropyl myristate. Among the hydrophilic gels, the viscosity of Carbopol® 974P gels increased depending on the amount of polymer, triethanolamine and water; these gels featured plastic flow without thixotropic behavior. Their compressibility and adhesiveness were higher than other gel formulations with stable post-FT-C characteristics. The higher flux values of nifedipine were observed from water containing Carbopol® 974P gel. Conclusion: The results of the stability tests showed that the Carbopol® 974P gel had a longer shelf life than the Aerosil 200-in-isopropyl myristate gel.

Study and Evaluation of the release of Flavonoids extracted from various Eggplant cones from Semisolid Pharmaceutical Forms (In vitro)

2021 ◽  
pp. 5411-5417
Author(s):  
Jameela Hasian
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Organic Solutions ◽  
Release Model ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Active Substances

Various semisolid pharmaceutical forms have been prepared from eggplant calyx extract which rich in flavonoids and antioxidants. These ingredients were titrated in the prepared extracts, and then incorporated into the prepared pharmaceutical forms. Eggplant calyxes were used for three varieties cultivated in Syria. The flavonoids were extracted from them by using several aqueous and organic solutions. Three types of extracts were prepared for each type of eggplant (aqueous, ethanolic 70%, methanolic). The ethanolic extract of black eggplant showed the highest content of flavonoids. The black eggplant extract contained the largest amount of flavonoids in the three types of extracts. The antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was measured by measuring its ability to remove free radicals of the fixed root DPPH, and the ethanolic extract of the black eggplant showed the best antioxidant capacity. Three topical pharmaceutical formulas were prepared of the ethanolic extract 70% for the rectangular black eggplant calyx, and the kinetics of the release of the main components from them in vitro was studied using a Franz cell, within four hours to determine the release model for each formulation in order to compare the formulas and select the best one. The cream of the (o / w) pattern gave the best release of the active substances because it released the highest percentage (92%) after two hours and the release pattern was of the zero order, while the rest of the formulas had the highest percentage of release after four hours with some deficiency of the active substances in them.

Isolation and HPLC Quantitative Analysis of Antioxidant Flavonoids from Alternanthera tenella Colla

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos J. Salvador ◽  
Eliane O. Ferreira ◽  
Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott ◽  
Whocely Victor De Castro ◽  
Veronika Butterweck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Abstract Phytochemical analysis of the antioxidant ethanolic extract of Alternanthera tenella Colla led to the isolation of six flavonoids, acacetin 8-C-[α-ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside] (1), 2″-O-α-ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl-vitexin (2), 2″-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-vitexin (3), vitexin (4), quercetin (5) and kaempferol (6). All the structures were established by ESIMS and NMR spectroscopic methods. Antioxidant capacity of extract, fractions and isolated compounds was determined using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and extract, fractions and flavonoids isolated showed antioxidant activity in vitro. Moreover, the total soluble phenolic contents of the extract and fractions were measured using the Folin- Ciocalteau reagent and the quantitative analysis of flavone C-glycosides major constituents was performed by HPLC

scholarly journals Increased dietary availability of selenium in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) improves its plasma antioxidant capacity and resistance to infection with Piscirickettsia salmonis

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javiera Pérez-Valenzuela ◽  
Madelaine Mejías ◽  
Daniela Ortiz ◽  
Pablo Salgado ◽  
Liliana Montt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Piscirickettsia Salmonis

AbstractSalmonid Rickettsial Septicaemia (SRS), caused by Piscirickettsia salmonis, is the most important infectious disease in the Chilean salmon farming industry. An opportunity to control this disease is to use functional micronutrients to modulate host mechanisms of response to the infection. Since P. salmonis may affect the host antioxidant system in salmonids, particularly that dependent on selenium (Se), we hypothesized that fish’s dietary selenium supplementation could improve the response to the bacterial infection. To address this, we defined a non-antibiotic, non-cytotoxic concentration of selenium to evaluate its effect on the response to in vitro infections of SHK-1 cells with P. salmonis. The results indicated that selenium supplementation reduced the cytopathic effect, intracellular bacterial load, and cellular mortality of SHK-1 by increasing the abundance and activity of host glutathione peroxidase. We then prepared diets supplemented with selenium up to 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg to feed juvenile trout for 8 weeks. At the end of this feeding period, we obtained their blood plasma and evaluated its ability to protect SHK-1 cells from infection with P. salmonis in ex vivo assays. These results recapitulated the observed ability of selenium to protect against infection with P. salmonis by increasing the concentration of selenium and the antioxidant capacity in fish’s plasma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the protective capacity of selenium against P. salmonis infection in salmonids, becoming a potential effective host-directed dietary therapy for SRS and other infectious diseases in animals at a non-antibiotic concentration.

scholarly journals TOTAL PHENOLICS AND FLAVONOIDS DETERMINATION AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY EVALUATION OF Poincianella bracteosa (FABACEAE) EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Marcel Mark da Silva PASSOS ◽  
Erica Porto FERNANDES ◽  
Simone Andrade GUALBERTO ◽  
Sandra Lúcia da Cunha SILVA ◽  
Débora Cardoso DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Reduction Of Iron

Popularly known as “catingueira”, Poincianella Bracteosa is widely used by communities in the vicinity of the municipality of Tanhaçu, in Bahia to combat cough and bronchitis, therefore, based on data from a survey was performed ethnobotanical Phytochemical prospecting of the ethanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of poincianella Bracteosa, as well as the determination of antioxidant capacity and the levels of total phenolics and flavonoids present in the ethanolic extract and fractions. The study involved the obtaining of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of the species under study, by percolation with a 70% solution hidroetanólica. The fractionation of the ethanolic extract was performed with three different solvent (hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The preliminary analysis of chemical composition was made by in vitro tests, with specific reagents for the different classes of secondary metabolites. The quantification of phenolics and total flavonoids was made by methods espectrofotométricos in the region of visible. The assessment of antioxidant capacity was performed by the method of kidnapping of free radicals DPPH and by method of reduction of iron ions (FRAP). The results of chemical prospecting demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, gums and mucilage, heterosídeos antociânicos and condensed tannins in the ethanolic extract, being confirmed by quantification of total phenolics and total flavonoids. The ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fractions (SAF) and diclorometânica (FD) showed a strong antioxidant capacity, being that the SAF fraction was the most active, with EC50 of 3.07±0.05 μg.mL-1.The results show that the studied species is rich in phenolic compounds and has a strong antioxidant capacity, showing great potential for application as a natural antioxidant.

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