scholarly journals Prospect of Ion Channel Inhibitors and Cholesterol Lowering Drugs to Combat COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewari DN ◽  
Chakrabarti AK ◽  
Dutta S
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Ion Channel Inhibitors ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Day By Day

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated COVID-19 pandemic is a major global healthcare problem because there is no specific drug to combat the disease. Number of infection is piling up day by day in exponential rate creating new record every week. Entire world is looking for urgent remedy but till now there is no specific treatment available for COVID-19 patients. In this critical situation, although vaccination is in its way, drug repurposing is very important which may be useful to overcome the unprecedented situation of COVID-19 pandemic. Cholesterol lowering drugs like statin therapy may be an additional support to combat the disease. Hexamethylene amiloride which has shown its effect in blocking E protein ion channels of coronaviruses leading to inhibition of viral replication may be considered for investigative trial.

scholarly journals Single cell-derived clonal analysis of human glioblastoma links functional and genomic heterogeneity

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Meyer ◽  
Jüri Reimand ◽  
Xiaoyang Lan ◽  
Renee Head ◽  
Xueming Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Clonal Analysis ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Naive Patient ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Genomic Analyses

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a cancer comprised of morphologically, genetically, and phenotypically diverse cells. However, an understanding of the functional significance of intratumoral heterogeneity is lacking. We devised a method to isolate and functionally profile tumorigenic clones from patient glioblastoma samples. Individual clones demonstrated unique proliferation and differentiation abilities. Importantly, naïve patient tumors included clones that were temozolomide resistant, indicating that resistance to conventional GBM therapy can preexist in untreated tumors at a clonal level. Further, candidate therapies for resistant clones were detected with clone-specific drug screening. Genomic analyses revealed genes and pathways that associate with specific functional behavior of single clones. Our results suggest that functional clonal profiling used to identify tumorigenic and drug-resistant tumor clones will lead to the discovery of new GBM clone-specific treatment strategies.

scholarly journals MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA: CURRENT APPROACHES TO PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Евгений Ким ◽  
Evgenij Kim ◽  
Владимир Горбачев ◽  
Vladimir Gorbachev ◽  
Виталий Унжаков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Inhaled Anesthetics ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Russian Federation

One of the most serious complications of modern anesthesia is malignant hyperthermia, which is a pharmacogenetic disease phenotype manifested by skeletal muscle hypermetabolism and rhabdomyolysis during or after general anesthe- sia with the use of inhaled anesthetics and succinylcholine. In Russia, the problem of malignant hyperthermia remains unresolved. This is mainly due to the fact that the only specific drug dantrolene created for the effective treatment of malignant hyperthermia is still not legalized and thus formally prohibited to import, disseminate and apply on the domestic pharmaceutical market. This article deals with the regulatory framework of specific treatment of malignant hyperthermia in Russia, allowing the possibility to legally import to the territory of the Russian Federation dantrolene as an unregistered drug, if it is a question of rendering medical assistance on vital indications to a particular patient, or its unauthorized use for vital indications in a situation of extreme necessity. The article presents the recommendations of domestic experts on the treatment of malignant hyperthermia. In this case, as a possible alternative to dantrolene, magnesium preparations are considered, whose role in the treatment of the crisis of malignant hyperthermia continues to be specified. Thus, given the increasing use of inhalation anesthesia by Russian anesthetists, to ensure the safety of patients with regard to the development of malignant hyperthermia, it is possible only in the case of official registration in the do- mestic dantrolene market. Also, in the territory of Russia, a network of relevant consultative and diagnostic centers should be established. These measures will undoubtedly increase the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of severe consequences of this disease in our country.

A Study on SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and Machine Learning Based Approach to Detect COVID-19 Through X-Ray Images

2020 ◽  
pp. 2140010
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar Gupta ◽  
Manvinder Sharma ◽  
Ankit Sharma ◽  
Vikas Menon
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Confusion Matrix ◽  
Training Model ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
A New Species

From origin in Wuhan city of China, a highly communicable and deadly virus is spreading in the entire world and is known as COVID-19. COVID-19 is a new species of coronavirus which is affecting respiratory system of human. The virus is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 abbreviated as SARS-CoV-2 and generally known as coronavirus disease COVID-19. This is growing day by day in countries. The symptoms include fever, cough and difficulty in breathing. As there is no vaccine made for this virus and COVID-19 tests are not readily available, this is causing panic. Various Artificial Intelligence-based algorithms and frameworks are being developed to detect this virus, but it has not been tested. People are taking advantages of others by providing duplicate COVID-19 test kits. A work is carried out with deep learning to detect presence of COVID 19. With the use of Convolutional Neural networks, the model is trained with dataset of COVID-19 positive and negative X-Rays. The accuracy of training model is 99% and the confusion matrix shows 98% values that are predicted truly. Hence, the model is able to detect the presence of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Covid-19 in Canadian Provinces and its Anticipatory Measures for a Medical Emergency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Kumar Kamboj ◽  
Chaman Verma ◽  
Anish Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Time Series Forecasting ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Day By Day

AbstractThe spread of COVID-19 is incearsing day by day and it has put the entire world and the whole humankind at the stack. The assets of probably the biggest economies are worried because of the enormous infectivity, and transmissibility of this ailment. Because of the developing extent of the number of cases and its ensuing weight on the organization and wellbeing experts, some expectation strategies would be required to anticipate the quantity of evidence in the future. In this paper, we have utilized time series forecasting approach entitled autoregressive integrated moving average, and bend fitting for the forecast of the quantity of COVID-19 cases in Canadian Province for 30 days ahead. The estimates of different parameters (number of positive cases, number of recouped cases, and decrease cases) got by the proposed strategy is exact inside a specific range, and will be a beneficial apparatus for overseers, and wellbeing officials to organize the clinical office in the distinctive Canadian Province.

scholarly journals Insights on Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Possible Treatment of COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHASHANK KUMAR MAURYA ◽  
Amit Bhattacharya ◽  
Pooja Shukla ◽  
RAJNIKANT MISHRA
Keyword(s):  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Primary Transmission

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 virus of the coronavirus family, created worldwide infectious outbreak affecting millions of people across the globe showing mild to severe symptoms of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress. Absence of precise information on primary transmission, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics for patients with COVID-19 makes prevention and control tough. Treatment of millions of COVID19 patients without any specific drug is one of the biggest challenge, many existing antiviral drugs are in use as an alternative treatment and hunting is still on the way to develop COVID19 specific drug and vaccine. Being the world second largest populated country, fluctuating climatic condition at every 4 months, India is also at the high risk for spread of COVID19 infection. This review article has been intended to discuss biology of COVID-19, mechanism of COVID-19 infection in humans, epidemiology, possible effect of COVID19 infection on pregnancy, nervous system, individuals diabetes and cardiovascular disease, drug repurposing strategy as an alternative line of treatment and clinical practices recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) and other government agencies followed by situation and measures taken by Indian government to minimize the spread of COVID19 in India.

scholarly journals A Promising Strategy Against SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients: Antisense Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Cubuk
Keyword(s):  
Rna Processing ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotide ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Genomic Rna ◽  
Antisense Therapy ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
New Type

<p></p><p>As of July 25-2020, 643,412 people in more than 215 countries have been victims of the new type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Thereby, there is a huge effort to develop a strategy to treat, and or prevent people from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Those efforts could be mainly categorized as drug repurposing, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from people who recovered, and vaccines. However, there is currently no specific treatment available against SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. That`s why many new approaches and ideas are still studied every day for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Antisense therapy is one of these promising approaches to target SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA specifically and inhibit its activity upon incorrect viral RNA processing. In this study, antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) candidates targeting SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA were designed. High-scored ASOs with a high potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and transcription by inducing cleavage of the viral genomic were determined among ASO candidates. For the future, those promising ASOs can be synthesized followed by required modifications and test on SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero cells to screen their efficacy for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.</p><br><p></p>

Drug Discovery by Drug Repurposing: Combating COVID-19 in the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitesh Sanghai ◽  
Kashfia Shafiq ◽  
Geoffrey K. Tranmer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Compassionate Use ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Potential Use

: Due to the rapidly developing nature of the current COVID-19 outbreak and its almost immediate humanitarian and economic toll, coronavirus drug discovery efforts have largely focused on generating potential COVID-19 drug candidates as quickly as possible. Globally, scientists are working day and night to find the best possible solution to treat the deadly virus. During the first few months of 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak quickly developed into a pandemic, with a mortality rate that was increasing at an exponential rate day by day. As a result, scientists have turned to a drug repurposing approach, to rediscover the potential use and benefits of existing approved drugs. Currently, there is no single drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV) that causes COVID-19. Based on only in-vitro studies, several active drugs are already in the clinical pipeline, made possible by following the compassionate use of medicine protocols. This method of repurposing and the use of existing molecules like Remdesivir (GS-5734), Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, etc. has proven to be a landmark in the field of drug rediscovery. In this review article we will discuss the repurposing of medicines for treating the deadly novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).

Future and Perspectives of the Zika Virus: Drug Repurposing as a Powerful Tool for Treatment Insights

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 1917-1928
Author(s):  
Denise Rampini ◽  
Diego Campos Prieto ◽  
Ana Luisa Colzi ◽  
Renan Vinícius de Araújo ◽  
Jeanine Giarolla
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Spreading Disease

The Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a major public health concern in Brazil and worldwide, being a rapidly spreading disease with possible severe complications for pregnant women and neonates. There is currently no preventative therapy or specific treatment available. Within this context, drug repositioning is a very promising approach for the discovery of new treatment compounds, since old drugs may become new ones. Therefore, this paper aims to perform a literature mini-review to identify promising compounds to combat this virus. The mechanism of action at the molecular level and the structure-activity relationship of prototypes are discussed. Among the candidates identified, we highlight sofosbuvir, chloroquine and suramin, which present a greater quantity of experimental data to draw on for our discussion. The current treatment is palliative; therefore, this study is of paramount importance in identifying drug candidates useful for combating ZIKV.

The five axes of COVID-19 treatment: attacking the disease from several angles.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ricardo Martínez-Daniel ◽  
Jorge Rafael Flores-Hernández ◽  
Karla Cecilia Farfán-Lazos ◽  
Miranda Tobón-Cubillos ◽  
Daniela Montaño-Olmos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Five Axes

The emergency situation of the COVID-19 pandemics requires immediate action. As happens with emerging pathogens, there are no specific treatments for this threat, so that the most logical answer in order to find safe and effective candidates seems to be drug repurposing. The main efforts in finding a specific treatment for this disease have been directed to finding antiviral agents, nonetheless, COVID-19 also involves lung and systemic inflammation, coupled with ineffective immunity; bacterial and fungal coinfections; respiratory dysfunction; and coagulopathy. These additional pathophysiologic axes also require a set of treatments, and in this review we will analyze such adjunctive therapies.

scholarly journals Surface modified receptor mediated delivery systems for site specific treatment of cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fenil Vanapariya ◽  
Miteshkumar Malviya ◽  
Shiroya Milankumar Nathabhai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Surface Modified

The treatment of the cancer has many challenges now a days due to side effects of the treatment. However, in the modern formulation development the concept of the site specific drug delivery for disease treatment in the body is considering as continuous challenges. Observing the challenges in convectional technique site specific drug delivery system has good potential to reduce adverse side effects, efficiently improve the human body health with very low toxicity. This review article elaborates the current challenges and prospective of surface modified drug carrier systems for delivery of protein for site-specific treatment of cancer and anti-cancer drug.

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