scholarly journals The Concept, Essence and Modern Prospects of Environmental Crime Prevention in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Tatyanina ◽  
Anastasia Lukomskaya ◽  
Rifat Yuldoshev
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Environmental Crimes

This research is highly relevant because environmental crimes (eco-crimes) greatly harm public relations in economic, political, social and cultural spheres of the lives of individuals, society and the state and cause colossal material damage to physical persons, juridical persons and the state. The goal of this article is to define the concept and essence, as well as to provide the criminological description of environmental crimes, which is essential for identifying contemporary prospects of its prevention. The authors describe the concept of this kind of crime in the broad and in the narrow sense. In the broad sense, environmental crime is understood as an aggregate of crimes where the object of infringement is any public relations in the sphere of protecting environmental order and ensuring environmental safety. In the narrow sense, environmental crime is understood as an aggregate of crimes committed during a certain period of time on a specific territory, manifested by a quantity and quality of homogeneous publicly dangerous, illegal, guilty and criminally punishable acts (actions and inactions), where the object of crime is public relations of protecting environmental order and ensuring environmental safety. The research singles out such attributes of environmental crime as public danger, social causation, sustainability, systemic character, structural properties; the authors examine its highly latent, organized, professional and trans-border varieties separately. They present measures to prevent environmental crimes aimed, among other things, at eliminating contradictions between environmental and criminal legislation; incorporating in law requirements to conduct environmental expertise of the planned business activities; developing a system of state and international standards of Russia in the sphere of environmental protection that reduce anthropogenic impact on the environment; developing and activating the court mechanisms of resolving contradictions between the interests of the population, businesses and the state in the sphere of environmental protection; strengthening the system of prosecutor’s supervision and implementation of prosecutor’s intervention in the sphere of environmental protection, etc.

scholarly journals To the question about the definition of «environmental crime»

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-247
Author(s):  
Elena V Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Environmental Crimes

In this article, on the basis of the analysis of scientific approaches in the theory of criminal law and criminal legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection describes some of the problems of the definition of "environmental crimes". It seems the author's definition of "environmental crime".

scholarly journals Problems of implementation of the state policy in the fi eld of environmental safety and organization of responsible production and consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
З.В. Галазова ◽  
А.В. Шаропатова
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Status

Статус современного государства во многом определяется состоянием и качеством окружающей природной среды и ее компонентов, количественными и каче- ственными показателями ее территории и природных богатств, эффективной «зеле- ной» экономикой, в совокупности демонстрирующих реализацию государством функции по обеспечению прав на благоприятную окружающую среду. Для этих целей государство обязано определять государственную политику на основе экологических принципов; соответствовать высоким международным стандартам по разработке и внедрению экологизированных институтов, сопровождаемых эффективными механизмами реали- зации. The status of a modern state is largely determined by the state and quality of the natural environment and its components, quantitative and qualitative indicators of its territory and natural resources, an effective "green" economy, which together demonstrate the state's implementation of the function of ensuring the rights to a favorable environment. For these purposes, the state is obliged to establish a state policy based on environmental principles; comply with high international standards for the development and implementation of green institutions, accompanied by effective implementation mechanisms.

scholarly journals Legal relations peculiarities as a subject of legal regulation in the complex law branch

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Dobroboh
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The article deals with theoretical study of the selection of specific features of legal relations of complex lawbranches on the example of environmental law. Today, the subject of legal regulation in this area is public relations for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources in order to ensure the quality of the environment in the interests of present and future generations.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF INTERACTION WITH SPECIAL BODIES, SERVICES AND SUBSIDIES IN THE FIELD OF PROVIDING CYBER SECURITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Veselova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Target Program ◽  
Information And Communication

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the interaction of special bodies, services and units in the field of cybersecurity. The specificityof information resources in the cybernetic space, which manifests itself in the rapid development of information and information and communication technologies, is singled out. The problem of national security is multifaceted, one of the most important areas of its support is the creation of an effective law enforcement system that can withstand negative trends in the administrative and legal sphere of public relations. Also, noting the importance of the aforementioned problematic issue, a set of tasks related to ensuring cyber security was identified, with the definition of the role and place in this process of administrative and legal means of regulation. The primary task of all branches of state power at the present stage of the development of the information society is formulated, which consists in the introduction and implementation of mechanisms for generating adopted decisions in the field of cyber security. The adoption of the State Target Program for the Cyber security of Ukraine, which will serve as a starting point for the real interaction of the subjects of the cyber security of Ukraine, is proposed. The peculiarities of the State Target Program for Cyber security of Ukraine, which consist in determining the specific areas of the state policy on counteraction to cyber threats, are characterized, the main among which should be a conceptual change in the philosophy of administration in the field of cyber security, from coordination of activities of public authorities and law enforcement agencies to the operational management of them; the development of public-private partnerships, in terms of giving private business and the public real leverage on the state of cyber security. The article focuses on the aforementioned direction, which can be implemented by the inclusion of cybersecurity entities by public institutions and independent experts; implementation of business projects in the direction of modernization of information and information and communication infrastructure to the level of international standards; implementation of measures aimed at increasing the literacy of cyber-citizens at all levels of education.

scholarly journals Evaluation of pharmaceutical education in the State of Libya: An academic perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 344-355
Author(s):  
Mohamd M. Milad ◽  
Amal Y. Benkorah
Keyword(s):  
Public Universities ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Process Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Education

Objective: This study evaluates the quality of educational standards in the colleges of pharmacy in the State of Libya using FIP-QA framework which is made of five sections representing the five pillars of quality, namely: context, structure, process, outcomes and impact. Method: A questionnaire was constructed based on the indicators in each section of the framework. Answers were collected by distributing the questionnaire to eight colleges of pharmacy at public universities. Results: 42 out of 50 professors completed the questionnaire. Most participants believe that the context, structure and process of pharmaceutical education in Libya require significant improvement in order to comply with international standards. Conclusions: Since the impact of pharmacy education depends on the previous pillars, it is clear that the current curricula are inefficacious in producing graduates who have the competencies to exercise patient-centred roles, and to address the limitations in providing pharmaceutical care-related services.

The necessary defense and excess of its limits: legislative improvement opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Andrei Nikulenko ◽  
Maksim Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legislative Improvement ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The article is devoted to the necessary defense as a circumstance that precludes the criminality of an act in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. The significance and importance of the existence of this norm is proclaimed both in the criminal law and in the Basic law of the state – the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The existence of a rule on necessary defense in the state emphasizes the development of its legal system, allowing citizens to defend their own interests and protect the interests of others, in ways not prohibited by law, thereby preventing exceeding the limits of necessary defense. A number of issues related to the application of the norms provided for in article 37 of the Criminal code of Russia, as well as the norms of the Special part of the Criminal code of Russia, which provide for liability for crimes committed when exceeding the limits of necessary defense, were raised. The study of the relevant norms makes it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an act, including the shortcomings of judicial and investigative practice. The author criticizes the existing approach and suggests ways to resolve these problems, including by correcting the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated September 27, 2012, № 19 «About application by courts of legislation on necessary defense and causing harm when detaining a person who has committed a crime». Because of the ambiguous and often inconsistent application of norms of the criminal legislation on necessary defense, the authors give the recommendations (in further reconstruction of the relevant provisions of article 37 of the Criminal Code) to use an enumeration approach of presenting the legal formulation of these rules that allow the defender to cause any harm to an attacker. At the same time, it creates the most understandable, for citizens, formulation of the norm that allows lawfully causing harm to public relations protected by criminal law.

Learning to Innovate

2014 ◽  
pp. 272-297
Author(s):  
Félix A. Barrio ◽  
Raquel Poy
Keyword(s):  
Software Quality ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Software Process Improvement ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
End User ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Point Of Departure

Using a large sample of Spanish organizations, in this chapter, the authors empirically reveal the state of health of the Spanish software industry in terms of software process improvement, both in the monitoring of working methodologies and the usage of tools, and they provide the necessary information in order to understand the real skills and efforts to improve the quality of products and end-user services. Having found that a significant number of organizations do not have specific training programs or their own software quality department, it is an essential point of departure for professionals to increase awareness of the need to implement quality processes to improve the competitiveness of the company. The state of knowledge of the methodologies aimed at quality and existing national and international standards shows that these are barely known by professionals in Spanish companies, especially among SMEs and micro-enterprises. However, most Spanish small businesses and large enterprises think the CMMI model best suits their needs, both business and technical. This growing interest is the main reason behind the fact that Spain has almost 38% of the European CMMI certifications, including 22 new certifications since 2010, and is the fourth country in the world in terms of number of CMMI appraisals.

Application methods of multidimensional comparative analysis to the assessment of environmental state in Dolnośląskie voivodship

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bąk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
The State ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Analysis Quality

The aim of this article is to present the results of multidimensional comparative analysis methods used to assess the state of the environment in Dolnośląskie voivodship in the cross-section of powiats. The research was conducted on the basis of data from the CSO of Poland for 2015 concerning the state and environmental protection in 30 powiats of Dolnośląskie voivodship. The method of linear ordering of objects based on a pattern object (or an anti- -pattern object) was used in the research. Many of them described in the subject literature usually lead to differing results (rankings of objects are not the same). It results from i.a. the adopted methods of normalization and weighing of variables and aggregations (creation of synthetic variables). The article is an attempt to compare the results of linear ordering of powiats due the environmental state with the use of method based on a pattern object (or an anti-pattern object). In the rankings correctness analysis, quality indicators were used to evaluate the quality of linear ordering methods.

scholarly journals Ways to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of environmental safety of cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-232
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
The City

The analysis of the state of the main indicator of ecological safety of the city - environmental protection and the incidence of urban population. The reasons for the low degree of capture and disposal of pollutants have been identified. Appropriate measures are proposed to reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere and ensure the environmental safety of cities.

scholarly journals Corporate Responsibility in the Environmental Protection as an Element of Public-Private Partnership in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Kostruba
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Corporate Responsibility ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
The State ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Business Entities

Individual and corporate responsibility is the basis for sustainable development of society and the world. Environmental responsibility of business entities is a prerequisite for the survival of people, which is why it is an important aspect of corporate responsibility. The purpose of the paper is to determine the content of corporate and social responsibility of business entities in the field of environmental protection in terms of its interaction with the state on the basis of public-private partnership. The general scientific method of comparison made it possible to compare the Ukrainian legislative base on environmental protection with the legal framework of regulation and practice in foreign countries. Through the structural and functional analysis, it was possible to consider the features of the interaction between the state and business structures and between other institutions the activities of which are related to environmental protection. The analysis revealed the necessity to consider and include elements of environmental and social responsibility of business in the mechanisms of public-private partnership. The study shows that public-private partnership is an imperative element in the composition of social responsibility. The author proposes a definition of environmental responsibility that encompasses three factors: legal, economic and social. In the future, this research area will be of interest as a comparison of the legislative support of the types of responsibility for foreign and international standards in the context of implementing the relevant standards in the Ukrainian legislative framework and their implementation on practice.

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