scholarly journals Blockchain in Digital Criminology: Problem Statement

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Elena Antonyan ◽  
Maxim Rukinov ◽  
Maxim Shamrin ◽  
Marina Spasennikova
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Access Data ◽  
Special Case

The problem under consideration is highly topical as damage from cybercrime is predicted to reach six trillion dollar in 2021, compared with 3 trillion in 2015. The authors put forth a hypothesis that blockchain could become the techno­logy that will reduce the scale of damage from criminal infringements in the sphere of digital economy by simplifying control over illegal movement of capital. The goal of this research is to analyze the role that the technology of distributed registers/blockchain plays in digital criminology and counteracting cybercrime. In blockchain, there is no single point of attack on the database, and it is impossible to access data encrypted with a key without that key. There is not centralized storage for keys: each user-owner stores them. The authors study the technology of storing data in blockchain or distributed register (blockchain being a special case of distributed re­gister). If such a server center is attacked, it is impossible to steal all data that are stored on it at once. This will deliver a serious blow on the criminal transactions because the whole history of operations is saved, the financial flows are transpa­rent in the chain of blocks and it will be virtually impossible to hide them, which will eliminate all illegal transactions and make the financing of terrorist and extremist organizations much more difficult. Because all users-owners have the database, the theft will be noticed immediately, and it cannot be hidden. It will get known whose secret key is used for access, and it will point directly at the perpetrator and could, in itself, stop them. The authors describe how distributed registers can be used to fight cybercrime. They believe that 1) the problem of cybercrime is most relevant for developed countries (with high GDP) because the more developed a society is, the more it depends on digital technologies; 2) the distributed registers/blockchain technology will help counteract cyberattacks and, consequently, will protect finan­ces and confidential information against criminal infringements.

scholarly journals Blockchain in air cargo: challenges of new World

2021 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 00021
Author(s):  
Irina Poleshkina
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
New World ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Air Cargo ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Service Delays ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
Operational Processes

The last years’ experience of functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that digital solutions can significantly increase the efficiency of business operational processes. This study focuses on the implementation of digital technologies at the airports to optimize information and financial flows, that are required for the air cargo transportation. The study was carried out based on the analysis of technological schedules of airports and airlines for cargo handling. As a result of this study, we have identified the main problematic operations leading to an increase in the time spent by cargo at the airports. The article examines and summarizes the world practice of using blockchain technology to manage information and financial flows in air cargo. The article has developed a model for the implementation of these technologies in the air cargo industry on the basis of a single blockchain platform. This model allows making optimal use of available airport resources in order to minimize service delays. It solves the main problem of creating the transparency of the information exchange between all air cargo transportation participants.

scholarly journals The Blockchain Challenge for Higher Education Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halvdan Haugsbakken ◽  
Inger Langseth
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Technology Trend

Blockchain technology is argued to be the next “big” digital technology trend that will challenge a number of organizations, including higher education institutions. In contrast, higher education institutions have a history of being slow to adopt new digital technologies in the organizational apparatus. The question that remains discussing is whether universities will approach blockchain technologies in ways that are different from traditional research and education. This paper intends to discuss three particular ways in which blockchain may challenge higher education institution. The paper questions whether blockchain technologies can democratize and automate learning process, reduce costly bureaucracy and be adopted in higher education institutions. In sum, the intent is to invite to a discussion on blockchain and address whether or in what ways higher education institutions should adopt blockchain technologies as a digital technology.

scholarly journals INDUSTRY 4.0: FEATURES OF UKRAINE’S DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Chaikina
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Automated Guided Vehicles ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The World

It was examined in the article peculiarities of the Industry 4.0 introduction in Ukraine, in particular, it was revealed that there are new approaches to the economies functioning, taking into account processes of globalization, development of science and technology. It was determined that the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 and changes in the political, economic, social, environmental, and other spheres are accelerating the process of digitalization. The author analyzed the National strategy of Industry 4.0 and proposed key areas for implementing the concept of Industry 4.0 in Ukraine using the experience of developed countries. Factors that hinder the process of our country’s economic digitalization were identified in the article. A study of world rankings on digital transformation was conducted in order to identify the place of Ukraine in this process, in particular: “The Global Competitiveness Report 2019”, which reflects the competitiveness between countries in the Fourth Industrial Revolution; “Global Digital Readiness Index 2019”; “The Digital Network Index 2020” (Accelerating Digital Transformation in a Post-COVID Global Economy). Research has shown that our country lags behind the developed countries of the world that actively implement Industry 4.0. Author identified the most common digital technologies used in the world: 3D printing, Internet 5G, Artificial Intelligence, augmented reality, automated Guided Vehicles, blockchain technology, cloud technology, Cobot, cybersecurity, Digital Twin, drones, IoT, and IoT platforms, quantum computing, and virtual reality. The regions – world leaders in the introduction of digital technologies and companies that ensure the development of science, technology, further digitalization of their own activities were analyzed. Accordingly, prospects for further research are developing mechanisms to improve implementation of Industry 4.0 at Ukrainian enterprises, as they provide innovative changes in the economy, conduct R&D, create added value, and fill the region's budget and country. Digital transformation of enterprises will allow them to gain new competitive advantages, enter international markets, and ultimately turn our country into a highly industrialized country with a digital economy.

CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL IDEA OF THE “SOCIAL STATE” IN THE HISTORY OF LEGAL AND POLITICAL THOUGHT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Social State ◽  
Classical Liberal ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to the problem of the social state as one of the fundamental constitutional principles of the state structure of modern developed countries. The course of historical development of philosophical and legal thought on this problem is considered. The idea of a close connection between the concept of the social state and the ideas of utopian socialism of Thomas More and Henri Saint-Simon is put forward. Liberals also made a significant contribution to the development of the idea of the social state, they argued that the ratio of equality and freedom is a key problem for the classical liberal doctrine. It is concluded that the emergence of the theory of the social state for objective reasons was inevitable, since it is due to the historical development of society.

IMPACT OF NATIONAL DISASTER COVID-19, INDONESIA TOWARDS ECONOMIC RECESSION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
endang naryono
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Disaster

Covid-19 or the corona virus is a virus that has become a disaster and a global humanitarian disaster began in December 2019 in Wuhan province in China, April 2020 the spread of the corona virus has spread throughout the world making the greatest humanitarian disaster in the history of human civilization after the war world II, Already tens of thousands of people have died, millions of people have been infected with the conona virus from poor countries, developing countries to developed countries overwhelmed by this virus outbreak. Increasingly, the spread follows a series of measurements while patients who recover recover from a series of counts so that this epidemic becomes a very frightening disaster plus there is no drug or vaccine for this corona virus yet found, so that all countries implement strategies to reduce this spread from social distancing, phycal distancing to with a city or country lockdown.

ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ЭКОНОМИКИ РОССИИ:УГРОЗЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.B. Mikulin ◽  
IU.S. Panov ◽  
L.I. Krugliak
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Radical Transformation

развитие цифровых технологий сформировало современный тренд к переходу на цифровую экономику для многих развитых государств, что требует кардинального трансформирования многих сфер деятельности государства и обществаthe Development of digital technologies has formed a modern trend towards the transition to a digital economy for many developed countries, which requires a radical transformation of many areas of activity of the state and society.

Immunotheraphy in Allergic Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1174-1194
Author(s):  
Albert Roger ◽  
Maria Basagana ◽  
Aina Teniente-Serra ◽  
Nathalie Depreux ◽  
Yanina Jurgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
World Population ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Special Case

The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 30% of the world population is now affected by one or more allergic conditions and a high proportion of this increase is in young people. The diagnosis of allergy is dependent on a history of symptoms on exposure to an allergen together with the detection of allergen-specific IgE. Accurate diagnosis of allergies opens up therapeutic options. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only successful disease-modifying therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. New therapeutic strategies have been developed or are currently under clinical trials. Besides new routes of administration, new types of allergens are being developed. The use of adjuvants may amplify the immune response towards tolerance to the antigens. In this review, we analyze different antigen-specific immunotherapies according to administration route, type of antigens and adjuvants, and we address the special case of food allergy.

An Essay on the Origins of the Novel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Whitmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
The Novel ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Scholarship

This chapter discusses the history of scholarship trying to trace the origins of the novel, and the impossibility of attempting to pin down a single point of origination.

scholarly journals Circular Digital Built Environment: An Emerging Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6348
Author(s):  
Sultan Çetin ◽  
Catherine De Wolf ◽  
Nancy Bocken
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Framework Development

Digital technologies are considered to be an essential enabler of the circular economy in various industries. However, to date, very few studies have investigated which digital technologies could enable the circular economy in the built environment. This study specifically focuses on the built environment as one of the largest, most energy- and material-intensive industries globally, and investigates the following question: which digital technologies potentially enable a circular economy in the built environment, and in what ways? The research uses an iterative stepwise method: (1) framework development based on regenerating, narrowing, slowing and closing resource loop principles; (2) expert workshops to understand the usage of digital technologies in a circular built environment; (3) a literature and practice review to further populate the emerging framework with relevant digital technologies; and (4) the final mapping of digital technologies onto the framework. This study develops a novel Circular Digital Built Environment framework. It identifies and maps ten enabling digital technologies to facilitate a circular economy in the built environment. These include: (1) additive/robotic manufacturing, (2) artificial intelligence, (3) big data and analytics, (4) blockchain technology, (5) building information modelling, (6) digital platforms/marketplaces, (7) digital twins, (8) the geographical information system, (9) material passports/databanks, and (10) the internet of things. The framework provides a fruitful starting point for the novel research avenue at the intersection of circular economy, digital technology and the built environment, and gives practitioners inspiration for sustainable innovation in the sector.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis presenting as dacryoadenitis in the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e231694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Ross Powers ◽  
Mark Anthony Diaz ◽  
Julio C Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Orbital Mass ◽  
Antituberculosis Therapy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Filipino Woman

A 25-year-old Filipino woman living in the USA was evaluated for a 5-month history of left eye pain and a subsequent orbital mass. Histopathological analysis of the lacrimal mass showed a mixed inflammatory process with necrotising granulomas and positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She was treated with antituberculosis therapy, with resolution of symptoms. Tuberculosis dacryoadenitis is extremely rare in the USA and other developed countries. It requires a high degree of clinical suspicion with special attention to the patient’s history to make the correct diagnosis. It can be treated successfully with antituberculosis therapy.

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