scholarly journals Molecular identification and antimicrobial resistence of Escherichia fergusonii and Escherichia coli from dairy cattle with diarrhoea

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Parin ◽  
S. Kirkan ◽  
SS Arslan ◽  
HT Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hypothetical Protein ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Holstein Friesian

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of Escherichia fergusonii in dairy cattle with clinical signs of diarrhoea. The specimens were obtained from three different farms in Denizli province of Turkey, between August 2016 and December 2016. Rectal contents of 57 Holstein-friesian dairy cattle with diarrhoea were collected from farms located in the Aegean Region (Denizli province, Turkey). Rectal swabs were inoculated into enrichment, differential and selective culture media. A total of 49 (86%) Escherichia spp. were isolated by phenotypic identification from 57 rectal swab samples. Presumptive E. fergusonii isolates were tested with the API 20E identification kit and all isolates (100%) were identified as E. coli. Primers targeting specific E. coli and E. fergusonii and genes, including the beta-glucuronidase enzyme, conserved hypothetical cellulose synthase protein and regulator of cellulose synthase and hypothetical protein, putative transcriptional activator for multiple antibiotic resistance were used for detection and differentiation of E. coli and E. fergusonii. Thirteen of the 49 E. coli-verified isolates were identified as E. fergusonii after duplex PCR using EFER 13- and EFER YP-specific primers. Confirmation of strain identity was conducted using Sanger sequencing analysis. The rates of antibiotic resistance of E. fergusonii to penicillin G and erythromycin were 100% and 77%, respectively. In conclusion, field strains of E. fergusonii were detected in cattle with diarrhoea in Turkey, and the strains were found to be resistant to multiple antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Lake Nainital, Uttarakhand State, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Giri ◽  
Anchal Lodhi ◽  
Devendra Singh Bisht ◽  
Suvarna Bhoj ◽  
Deepak Kumar Arya
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mar Index ◽  
Collection Sites

Researchers have encountered new challenges with the discovery of multiple drug resistance in microbes. Currently, multidrug resistant bacteria are considered a major public health concern and an emerging global epidemic. Presence of Escherichia coli in water is used as a faecal pollution measure. In this study E. coli isolates were collected from 20 sample collection sites at Lake Nainital. 20 E. coli isolates, 1 from each sample collection sites, were examined for their antibiotic response patterns against a panel of widely used 15 antibiotics. The result of this study showed 100% resistance to Penicillin G followed by Erythromycin (80%). All isolates (100%) were found susceptible for Gentamycin. The susceptibilities for Chloramphenicol and Co-trimoxazaole were found next to Gentamycin as 90 and 85% respectively. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index was also determined. 0.73 MAR index was observed as highest in 1 isolate. 13 out of 20 isolates had more than 0.2 MAR indices. The result reveals the origin of E. coli isolates from an area of high antibiotics use.

scholarly journals Multidrug Resistance among Gram Negative E. coli in Chicken Meat (Rafha-Saudi Arabia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Akbar Ali ◽  
Vijay R. Chidrawar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Northern Border

Aims: Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria pose a major public health issuer globally. The genes for antibiotic resistance are transferred vertically in the form of genomic DNA and horizontally in the form of plasmids or transposons. Antibiotic are extensively used in animal farming to treat and prevent animal diseases, and at sub-therapeutic doses, they are used to promote animal growth. This extensive use of antibiotics is causing an increase in resistance among bacteria. More frequent, chicken meat available at retail shops is reported to be contaminated with a variety of drug resistant bacteria including E. Coli. The aim of the present study was to investigate antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli strains isolated from chicken meat available in the local shops of Rafha, Saudi Arabia. Place and Duration of Study: Department of basic health sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia, between February and October, 2019 Methodology: Eighty-six E. coli strains, isolated from chicken meat, were tested for their antibiotic resistance profile, using the disc diffusion method.    Results: All the isolated E. coli strains were tested against 14 antibiotics. The maximum resistance was found against penicillin G (95%) followed by amoxicillin (85%), Cephalothin (81%), Erythromycin (72%), and Tetracycline (50%). Imipenem was the most effective agent of all with only 1% resistance followed by Cefepime with almost 6% resistance. A high percentage of the isolates (57%,) were multidrug resistant as they were non—susceptible to at least one antimicrobial in ≥3 antimicrobial classes including amoxicillin, erythromycin and tetracycline. Conclusion: The prevalence of MDR E. coli in retail chicken meat is very high and could pose a serious threat to public health.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Foodborne Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Cattle and Poultry Manure Amended Farms in Northeastern Ohio, the United States

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1450
Author(s):  
Woinshet Hailu ◽  
Yosra A. Helmy ◽  
Geoffrey Carney-Knisely ◽  
Michael Kauffman ◽  
Dean Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
E Coli

Foodborne pathogens significantly impact public health globally. Excessive antimicrobial use plays a significant role in the development of the public health crisis of antibiotic resistance. Here, we determined the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of E. coli O157, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter isolated between 2016 and 2020 from small scale agricultural settings that were amended with dairy cattle or poultry manure in Northeastern Ohio. The total prevalence of the foodborne pathogens was 19.3%: Campylobacter 8%, Listeria monocytogenes 7.9%, Escherichia coli O157 1.8%, and Salmonella 1.5%. The prevalence was significantly higher in dairy cattle (87.7%) compared to poultry (12.2%) manure amended farms. Furthermore, the prevalence was higher in manure samples (84%) compared to soil samples (15.9%; p < 0.05). Multiple drug resistance was observed in 73%, 77%, 100%, and 57.3% of E. coli O157, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter isolates recovered, respectively. The most frequently observed resistance genes were mphA, aadA, and aphA1 in E. coli O157; blaTEM, tet(B), and strA in Salmonella; penA, ampC, lde, ermB, tet(O), and aadB in L. monocytogenes and blaOXA-61, tet(O), and aadE in Campylobacter. Our results highlight the critical need to address the dissemination of foodborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings.

scholarly journals The Atypical Antipsychotic Quetiapine Induces Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kyono ◽  
Lori Ellezian ◽  
YueYue Hu ◽  
Kanella Eliadis ◽  
Junlone Moy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
5Ht1a Receptors ◽  
Target Effect

Atypical antipsychotic (AAP) medication is a critical tool for treating symptoms of psychiatric disorders. While AAPs primarily target dopamine (D2) and serotonin (5HT2A and 5HT1A) receptors, they also exhibit intrinsic antimicrobial activity as an off-target effect. Because AAPs are often prescribed to patients for many years, a potential risk associated with long-term AAP use is the unintended emergence of bacteria with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Here, we show that exposure to the AAP quetiapine at estimated gut concentrations promotes AMR in Escherichia coli after six weeks. Quetiapine-exposed isolates exhibited an increase in minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ampicillin, tetracycline, ceftriaxone, and levofloxacin. By whole genome sequencing analysis, we identified mutations in genes that confer AMR, including the repressor for the multiple antibiotic resistance mar operon (marR), and real-time RT-qPCR analysis showed increased levels of marA, acrA, and tolC mRNAs and a reduced level of ompF mRNA in the isolates carrying marR mutations. To determine the contribution of each marR mutation to AMR, we constructed isogenic strains carrying individual mutant marR alleles in the parent background and re-evaluated their resistant phenotypes using MIC and RT-qPCR assays. While marR mutations induced a robust activity of the mar operon, they resulted in only a modest increase in MICs. Interestingly, although these marR mutations did not fully recapitulate the AMR phenotype of the quetiapine-exposed isolates, we show that marR mutations promote growth fitness in the presence of quetiapine. Our findings revealed an important link between the use of AAPs and AMR development in E. coli.

scholarly journals Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens and Their Susceptibility Isolated from Surgical Site Infections at Selected Referral Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walelign Dessie ◽  
Gebru Mulugeta ◽  
Surafael Fentaw ◽  
Amete Mihret ◽  
Mulu Hassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College

Background. The emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens in hospitals is becoming a challenge for surgeons to treat hospital acquired infections.Objective. To determine bacterial pathogens and drug susceptibility isolated from surgical site infections at St. Paul Specialized Hospital Millennium Medical College and Yekatit 12 Referral Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2013 and March 2014 on 107 surgical site infected patients. Wound specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed as per standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media; and susceptibility testing was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.Result. From a total of 107 swabs collected, 90 (84.1%) were culture positive and 104 organisms were isolated.E. coli(24 (23.1%)) was the most common organism isolated followed by multidrug resistantAcinetobacterspecies (23 (22.1%)). More than 58 (75%) of the Gram negative isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance (resistance ≥ 5 drugs). Pan-antibiotic resistance was noted among 8 (34.8%)Acinetobacterspecies and 3 (12.5%)E. coli. This calls for abstinence from antibiotic abuse.Conclusion. Gram negative bacteria were the most important isolates accounting for 76 (73.1%). Ampicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin, cephazoline, and tetracycline showed resistance while gentamicin and ciprofloxacin were relatively effective antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Detection of Several Virulence Properties, Antibiotic Resistance and Phylogenetic Relationship in E. Coli Isolates Originated from Cow Mastitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Seyda ◽  
Dinç Gökçen ◽  
Söğüt Mehtap Ünlü
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin Genes ◽  
Virulence Properties

Abstract Cow mastitis caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) exhibits various local and systemic clinical signs at varying degrees of severity. The aim this study was to elucidate the virulence properties, antibiotic resistance and phylogenetics of 56 E. coli strains. Of all the studied strains, 12 were positive for hemolytic properties and 38 were positive for biofilm production. Additionally, 55 of the strains were positive for multiple resistances in bacteriological tests. PCR analysis revealed that 42 strains carried the traT gene, 20 strains had the shiga toxin gene (stx1-stx2), and 8 strains carried the intimin gene (eae), but all strains were negative for aerobactin gene (aer). All strains encoding shiga toxin genes were also positive for stx1, but only 4 strains were positive for stx2. There were no significant differences in virulence genes between antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-susceptible strains. The random amplifi ed polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction patterns revealed the existence of 13 main groups with 4 subgroups of E. coli. In this study, E. coli strains causing intramammary infections and originating from various sources might show resistance against common antibiotics. Pathogenity of E. coli that cause clinical mastitis, and prognosis of the infection might be predicted by obtaining the traT gene. Additionally, antibiotic resistance should be investigated at the genomic level to detect the relationship between virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. In field conditions, development of antibiotic resistance is the main cause of mastitis treatment failure. Thus, antibiotic resistance profiles in herds should be monitored and effective antibiotics should be administered

scholarly journals Systems Biology–Derived Genetic Signatures of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: A New Avenue for Drug Repurposing

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Somayeh Sharifi ◽  
Maryam Lotfi Shahreza ◽  
Abbas Pakdel ◽  
James M. Reecy ◽  
Nasser Ghadiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Label Propagation ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
E Coli

Mastitis, a disease with high incidence worldwide, is the most prevalent and costly disease in the dairy industry. Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are assumed to be among the leading agents causing acute severe infection with clinical signs. E. Coli, environmental mastitis pathogens, are the primary etiological agents of bovine mastitis in well-managed dairy farms. Response to E. Coli infection has a complex pattern affected by genetic and environmental parameters. On the other hand, the efficacy of antibiotics and/or anti-inflammatory treatment in E. coli mastitis is still a topic of scientific debate, and studies on the treatment of clinical cases show conflicting results. Unraveling the bio-signature of mastitis in dairy cattle can open new avenues for drug repurposing. In the current research, a novel, semi-supervised heterogeneous label propagation algorithm named Heter-LP, which applies both local and global network features for data integration, was used to potentially identify novel therapeutic avenues for the treatment of E. coli mastitis. Online data repositories relevant to known diseases, drugs, and gene targets, along with other specialized biological information for E. coli mastitis, including critical genes with robust bio-signatures, drugs, and related disorders, were used as input data for analysis with the Heter-LP algorithm. Our research identified novel drugs such as Glibenclamide, Ipratropium, Salbutamol, and Carbidopa as possible therapeutics that could be used against E. coli mastitis. Predicted relationships can be used by pharmaceutical scientists or veterinarians to find commercially efficacious medicines or a combination of two or more active compounds to treat this infectious disease.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from dairy cattle feces in Texas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosine Manishimwe ◽  
Paola M. Moncada ◽  
Marie Bugarel ◽  
H. Morgan Scott ◽  
Guy H. Loneragan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cattle Feces

AbstractThis study was conducted to develop and field-test a low cost protocol to estimate the isolate- and sample-level prevalence of resistance to critically important antibiotic drugs among Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from dairy cattle feces. E. coli and Salmonella were isolated from and screened on selective media, with and without antibiotics respectively. Bacterial isolates were further tested for susceptibility to a suite of antibiotics using disk diffusion. Molecular methods were performed on select bacterial isolates to identify and distinguish genetic determinants associated with the observed phenotypes. Among 85 non-type-specific E. coli randomly isolated from MacConkey agar without antibiotics, the isolate-level prevalence of resistance to tetracycline was the highest (8.2%), there was no isolate resistant to third-generation cephalosporin (0.0%) and one isolate was resistant to nalidixic acid (1.2%). Among 37 E. coli recovered from MacConkey agar with cefotaxime at 1.0µg/ml, 100% were resistant to ampicillin and 56.8% were resistant to a third-generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone). Among 22 E. coli isolates recovered from MacConkey agar with ciprofloxacin at 0.5µg/ml, 90.9% were resistant to tetracycline whereas 77.3% and 54.5% were resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin respectively. Sixteen Salmonella were isolated and only one demonstrated any resistance (i.e., single resistance to streptomycin). Among E. coli isolates that were either resistant or intermediate to ceftriaxone, an AmpC phenotype was more common than an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype (29 versus 10 isolates, respectively). Among 24 E. coli isolates that were whole genome sequenced, phenotypic profiles of antibiotic resistance detected were generally substantiated by genotypic profiles. For instance, all isolates with an AmpC phenotype carried a blaCMY2 gene. The protocol used in this study is suited to detecting and estimating prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from food animal feces in resource-limited laboratories in the developing world.

Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni, and Salmonella Prevalence in Cull Dairy Cows Marketed in Northeastern Ohio

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 927-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN DODSON ◽  
JEFFREY LEJEUNE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli

Preharvest management factors are predicted to impact the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in cattle sent to slaughter. We simultaneously examined the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from cull dairy cattle at two livestock auctions in northeastern Ohio. Between April and September 2002, a total of 1,026 fecal samples were collected. C. jejuni was isolated from 48 of 686 (7%) fecal samples, Salmonella was isolated from 39 of 585 (6.7%) samples, and E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from 21 of 1,026 (2.1%) samples. Of the 585 samples tested for all three pathogens, at least one pathogen was identified in 86 of 585 (15%) samples. One sample was positive for both E. coli O157:H7 and C. jejuni, and five samples yielded both C. jejuni and Salmonella. Size of herd of origin could be traced for 75 to 85% of samples collected. Salmonella was isolated at higher frequencies from herds larger than 60 cattle than from smaller herds (9.0 versus 3.5%, P = 0.02). In contrast, size of herd of origin did not significantly affect the E. coli O157:H7 and C. jejuni prevalence. Approximately 90% of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 isolates were pansensitive to a panel of 16 antibiotics. Thirty-six percent of C. jejuni isolates were resistant to tetracycline. In this study, antibiotic resistance among the foodborne pathogens isolated from cull diary cattle was rare. Although size of dairy herd of origin was positively associated with Salmonella prevalence, herd size was not strongly associated with E. coli O157:H7 and C. jejuni prevalence in market dairy cattle. These results can be used to assess the food safety risks associated with the slaughter of cull dairy cattle.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document