scholarly journals   Effects of homobrassinolide in barley callus culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Temel ◽  
N. Gozukirmizi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Green Cell ◽  
Dna Contents ◽  
L 22

Thirty-day-old barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Zafer-160) calli were treated with 0, 0.5, 1 µmol/L 22(S),23(S)-Homobrassinolide (HBL) for four weeks. Transfer of calli to hormone-free or HBL-supplemented medium caused an increase in total soluble protein and DNA contents and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD; E.C. 1.15.1.1) activity. 0.5 µmol/L HBL caused the highest protein and DNA levels and the minimum decrease in fresh weight; while the lowest superoxide dismutase activity was recorded in 1 µmol/L HBL-treated group. Calli developed nodular structures and green cell clusters after transfer onto hormone-free or HBL-supplemented medium. Methylation-sensitive restriction fingerprinting (MSRF) analysis detected a few changes in methylation between control and 0.5 µmol/L groups. Combination of data led us to the conclusion that HBL favoured regeneration and shoot development and may ameliorate tissue culture stress in a mechanism, which is independent of cytosine methylation.    

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity in Brassica napus L. plants expressing lox-dependent BAR gene

1970 ◽  
pp. 271-275
Author(s):  
L. O. Sakhno ◽  
K. V. Lystvan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Bar Gene ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content

Aim. The study of possible unintended biochemical peculiarities of newly obtained herbicide-resistant canola (Brassica napus L.) plants expressing the lox-dependent BAR gene was the aim. Methods. Total soluble protein content, total free radical scavenging activity, and superoxide dismutase activity have been investigated using Bradford’s, DPPH, and nitroblue tetrazolium assays, respectively. Fresh weight of plants grown on media with or without phosphinothricin was also measured. Results. The antioxidant activity of leaf extracts of untransformed plants under in vitro growth condi-tions had no significant differences in comparison with ones of phospinothricin-resistant plants in the third generation. No significant changes in parameters investigated were observed in transgenic plants cultivated on media with herbicide addition compared to ones grown on media without it. Fresh weight and total soluble protein content were similar in transgenic and untransformed canola plants under growth without phosphinothricin. Conclusions. Lox-dependent BAR gene introduction and expression resulted in no significant differences in leaf antioxidant activity in transgenic canola plants comparing to untransformed controls.Keywords: Brassica napus, antioxidant activity, DPPH, glufosinate, superoxide dismutase.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some physiological and biochemical parameters of Camelina sativa seedlings under osmotic stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
L. V. Nishchenko ◽  
L. O. Sakhno
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aim. To find the most drought resistant spring camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) genotype for further involvement in genetic transformation experiments, the some physiological and biochemical parameters of seedlings have been investigated under normal conditions and osmotic stress in vitro. Methods. Sterile seeds were planted on Murashige and Skoog agarized medium without hormones or the same media supplemented with mannitol as an osmotic stress inductor. Germination, fresh weight, total soluble protein content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity have been investigated in 7-day-old seedlings. Results. The analyzed camelina genotypes were differed in their reactions on water deficit in vitro. It has been revealed that higher SOD activity of FEORZhYaF-1 seedlings was accompanied by higher germination and higher ability to fresh weight accumulation under osmotic stress as compared to other varieties. Conclusions. FEORZhYaF-1 breeding form could be involved in genetic transformation experiments to improve drought resistance. SOD activity should be used as a parameter for selection of osmotic stress resistant plant material. Keywords: Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz  drought resistance, superoxide dismutase, total soluble protein.

Immunolocalization of antioxidant enzymes in testis of rams submitted to long-term heat stress

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-435
Author(s):  
Thais Rose dos Santos Hamilton ◽  
Gabriela Esteves Duarte ◽  
José Antonio Visintin ◽  
Mayra Elena Ortiz D’Ávila Assumpção
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Testicular Cells

SummaryLong-term heat stress (HS) induced by testicular insulation generates oxidative stress (OS) on the testicular environment; consequently activating antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The aim of this work was to immunolocalize antioxidant enzymes present in different cells within the seminiferous tubule when rams were submitted to HS. Rams were divided into control (n = 6) and treated group (n = 6), comprising rams subjected to testicular insulation for 240 h. After the testicular insulation period, rams were subjected to orchiectomy. Testicular fragments were submitted to immunohistochemistry for staining against SOD, GR and GPx enzymes. We observed immunolocalization of GPx in more cell types of the testis after HS and when compared with other enzymes. In conclusion, GPx is the main antioxidant enzyme identified in testicular cells in an attempt to maintain oxidative balance when HS occurs.

Tissue culture and genetic analysis of somaclonal variations of Solanum melongena L. cv. Nirrala

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1182-1195
Author(s):  
Samar Naseer ◽  
Tariq Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Random Amplification ◽  
Plant Grown

AbstractThe present study was designed to analyze genetically somaclonal variants using biochemical and molecular markers. Efficient tissue culture protocol for Solanum melongena L. cv. Nirrala was developed. Maximum callus induction (100%) was observed for Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 2.0 mg L−1 naphthalene acetic acid +0.5 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine; and nodal explants gave best callusing response (88.8%) as compared to internodes (88.3%) and leaves (87.7%). The best shooting was induced on nodal and internodal callus in the presence of 2.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine. Total soluble protein content of callus and regenerated variant plants was estimated for biochemical analysis, and largest amount of soluble protein was found in callus (6.54 mg g−1 fresh tissue) followed by variant plant grown on 2.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (5.96 mg g−1 fresh tissue). Random amplification of polymorphic DNA technique was done with five decamer primers (OPC1-OPC5) and maximum polymorphism was detected by OPC 2 (26.99%) among all samples, whereas nodal callus on media containing 1.0 mg L−1 naphthalene acetic acid +1.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine showed highest polymorphism producing 22 bands, out of which 8 bands were polymorphic. The study shows that this marker system can provide better evaluation of genetic variation induced by tissue culture.

scholarly journals The beneficial effects of polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase on ovarian tissue culture and transplantation

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1561-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Jung Kim ◽  
Hee Jun Lee ◽  
Jaewang Lee ◽  
Hye Won Youm ◽  
Jung Ryeol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals Aktywność cytokininowa sześciu odmian Hordeum vulgare L. [Cytokinin activity of six cultivars of Hordeum vulgare L.]

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Politycka ◽  
A. Stroiński ◽  
Z. Krzywański ◽  
M. W. Borys
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Cytokinin Activity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Polar Derivatives ◽  
Made In

Cytokinin activity was determined in roots, crowns, ears of six varieties of the barley in the tobacco Wisconsin 38 callus tissue test. Analysis was made in early stage of ears. The order increasing values of the total cytokinin activity (the total activity of compounds fitting their mobility with zeatin, zeatin ribosid and their more polar derivatives) were for most part of varieties: younger roots < older roots < crowns < ears. Dependences between the cytokinin activity and fresh weight of analysed material were not found.

Extraction and Characterization of Gibberellins from Hordeum vulgare L. Seedlings

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
KF Faull ◽  
BG Coombe ◽  
LG Paleg
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Two gibberellins, one GA1-like, the other GA3-like, were identified in the extracts of roots and tops of 8-,11- and 15-day-old barley seedlings by paper chromatography, paper electrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography and bioassay procedures, followed by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The amounts of gibberellins in the seedlings ranged from 7 to 11 ng per plant. The concentrations of gibberellins in the seedlings were 32-320 ng/g dry weight and 5-28 ng/g fresh weight; concentrations in the roots were higher than those in the shoots.

scholarly journals PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF TRIPHALA CHURNA INSTREPTOZOTOCIN (I. C. V.) INDUCED DEMENTIA IN RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Purabi Deka ◽  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Glutathione Level

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the memory improving activity of Triphala Churna hydro-methanolic fruit extract on learning and memory functions in Streptozotocin (I. C. V) induced dementia in rats by using morris water maze and elevated plus maze.Methods: A total of 42 albino wistar rats weighing 80-100 g were randomized into 7 equal groups as follows: Normal control group received normal saline (1 ml/kg p. o.) for 24 d, STZ treated group (3 mg/kg, i. c. v) were administered in two dosage regimen i.e. on first day and third day.), Standard group: Streptozotocin (3 mg/kg i. c. v)+Vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day p. o.) were administered for 21 d, Standard group: Streptozotocin (3 mg/kg i. c. v)+Rivastigmine (2 mg/kg/day p. o.) were administered for 21 d. The learning and memory-impaired rats were treated with Triphala Churna Formulation 1, Triphala Churna Formulation 2 and Triphala Churna Formulation 3 for 21 d (100 mg/kg p. o.). AchE activity, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione level of brain homogenate was estimated in Control/STZ (I. C. V)/Standard/Triphala Churna fruits extract treated rats.Results: Administration of Triphala Churna fruits extract significantly restored learning and memory impairment induced by STZ (I. C. V) in the elevated plus maze and morris water maze. Furthermore, in the TPLC F2 and TPLC F3 treated group brain AchE level was decreased (P≤0.01) as well as brain lipid peroxidation was also decreased (P≤0.001). Brain antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione level were increased (P≤0.001) in the TPLC1 and TPLC2 treated group when compared to the STZ treated group, TPLC F2 and TPLC F3 treated group showed significant (P≤0.001, P≤0.01) increase in superoxide dismutase level. Conclusion: Triphala Churna fruits extract has an improving effect on learning and memory impairment rats produced by Streptozotocin (I. C. V) and may have a useful effect in the treatment of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Field evaluation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes derived from tissue culture

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. R. Baillie ◽  
K. K. Kartha ◽  
B. G. Rossnagel
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Somaclonal variation has been observed in plants derived via tissue culture in a number of crops, but evaluation has been on a small scale. This study was conducted to evaluate 72 tissue culture-derived barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes for somaclonal variation in replicated small-plot field trials. Twenty putative somaclones from the cultivar Abee, 20 from Deuce, 15 from Duke and 17 from Heartland were evaluated at three Saskatchewan locations during 1989. Little variation was observed between regenerants and their respective parent cultivars for days to head, height, yield and yield components. When variation did occur it was generally of negative value, i.e., later heading date; lower test weight, 1000-kernel weight, percent plumpness and yield. Of the four groups, those from Deuce and Duke exhibited the most variation. A 5-d difference in heading date was observed for one Duke derivative and 18 of the 20 Deuce derivatives were shorter than the Deuce control. From this study, it was concluded that somaclonal variation would be of no benefit in a plant-breeding program.Key words: Barley, field evaluation, tissue culture, Hordeum vulgare L.

Citrus tissue culture: regulation of stylar abscission in excised pistils

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Einset ◽  
Anne Cheng ◽  
Hamid Elhag
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Test Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Washington Navel ◽  
Citrus Tissue Culture ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Lemon pistil explants were obtained by cutting just above the region of the hypogynous disc (A type explant) or at the base of the pistil (B type explant) and cultured on test medium containing Murashige and Skoog salts, 50 g sucrose/L, 100 mg myo-inositol/L, 5 mg thiamine–HCl/L, and 0.5 mg kinetin/L, plus or minus supplements. Under appropriate conditions an abscission zone formed and styles abscised after 6–8 days of culture; in the field stylar abscission occurred 12–15 days postanthesis. Abscission in A type explants was markedly inhibited by 9 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid but was unaffected by indole-3-acetic, 1-naphthaleneacetic, gibberellic, abscisic, caffeic, or p-coumaric acids. The response to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was reduced in B type explants. In an atmosphere containing 35–200 ppm ethylene, cell division occurred in the zone of stylar abscission producing a proliferating callus, and the content of cellulase increased from 0.6 to 53.7 enzyme units/g fresh weight compared with fresh explants. Stylar abscission was inhibited by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in A type explants of Washington navel orange, Valencia orange, and mandarin pistils, but not of grapefruit pistils. B type explants of Washington navel orange and mandarin pistils were less responsive to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.

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