scholarly journals Evaluation of Miscanthus grown for energy use

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Z. Strašil
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields

In the years 2003–2012 the effects of nitrogen fertilization and term of harvest on the dry matter yield and biomass quality of Miscanthus × giganteus were examined. The harvest was carried out each year in the autumn and in the spring following year. No significant differences in yields between the sites were observed but the effect of weather conditions in individual years dominated. The nitrogen fertilization increased average biomass yields at the site Prague-Ruzyně by about 14% at the dose of 100 kg/ha and at the site Lukavec by about 11% at the dose of 150 kg/ha in comparison without N fertilization. Average yields of dry matter at Prague-Ruzyně 19.60 t/ha and at Lukavec 18.24 t/ha were achieved at the autumn term of harvest. The loss of biomass over the winter period was 24.3% at Prague-Ruzyně and 24.0% at Lukavec. In the spring term of harvest lower contents of all monitored elements were detected in the biomass of Miscanthus compared to the autumn term of harvest.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of elephant grass biomass produced in the cerrados region for bioenergy

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rilner A. Flores ◽  
Segundo Urquiaga ◽  
Bruno J. R. Alves ◽  
Leonardo S. Collier ◽  
Robert M. Boddey
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield And Quality

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two genotypes of elephant grass, fertilized with and without N, for biomass production for energy use under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Cerrado. The genotypes Roxo and Paraíso, grown in a field experiment in a Latosol in the Cerrado region were evaluated for biomass yield, nitrogen accumulation, C:N and stem:leaf ratios, fibre, ash and P and K contents and calorific value. The accumulated dry biomass ranged from 30 to 42 Mg ha-1 and showed no response to nitrogen fertilization with the lowest biomass obtained by the genotype Paraíso and the highest by Roxo. The total N accumulation followed the same pattern as for dry matter, ranging from 347 to 539 kg N ha-1. C:N and stem:leaf ratio of the biomass produced did not vary with treatments. The fibre contents were higher in genotype Paraíso and the highest levels of ash in the genotype Roxo. The K content in the biomass was higher in genotype Roxo and P did not vary between genotypes. The calorific value averaged 18 MJ kg-1 of dry matter and did not vary with the levels of N in leaves and stems of the plant. Both genotypes, independent of N fertilization, produced over 30 Mg ha-1 of biomass under Cerrado conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Dynamics of Concentration and Uptake of Selected Microelements in the Biomass of Miscanthus x giganteus

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Izabela Gołąb-Bogacz ◽  
Waldemar Helios ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
Marcin Kozak ◽  
Anna Jama-Rodzeńska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Mn Concentration

This paper presents the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization on the concentration of selected micronutrients as an important issue in reducing combustion-induced air pollution. We studied the effects of the dose of 60 kg ha−1 N in different terms of biomass sampling on the concentration and uptake of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in the dry matter of the underground and aerial parts of Miscanthus x giganteus in the years 2014–2016. The order of microelement concentrations (mg kg−1) in rhizomes and the aboveground parts of plants was as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. N fertilization had no significant effect on the concentrations of the selected microelements in the Mischanthus biomass (except for the Mn concentration in the stems and Cu in the leaves). The results indicated that the quality of the combustion biomass did not worsen under nitrogen fertilization. During the whole vegetation period, the iron concentration increased in the rhizomes and decreased for Zn and Cu. In the aboveground parts of the plant, the concentrations of all tested elements decreased. In turn, the uptake of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu (except for Fe in the stems) by rhizomes and the aboveground parts of Mischanthus depended significantly on the N fertilization.

scholarly journals PLANT DENSITY AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON COMMON BEAN NUTRITION AND YIELD

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGÉRIO PERES SORATTO ◽  
TIAGO ARANDA CATUCHI ◽  
EMERSON DE FREITAS CORDOVA DE SOUZA ◽  
JADER LUIS NANTES GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Lower Plant

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of plant densities and sidedressed nitrogen (N) rates on nutrition and productive performance of the common bean cultivars IPR 139 and Pérola. For each cultivar, a randomized complete block experimental design was used in a split-plot arrangement, with three replicates. Plots consisted of three plant densities (5, 7, and 9 plants ha-1) and subplots of five N rates (0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1). Aboveground dry matter, leaf macro- and micronutrient concentrations, yield components, grain yield, and protein concentration in grains were evaluated. Lower plant densities (5 and 7 plants m-1) increased aboveground dry matter production and the number of pods per plant and did not reduce grain yield. In the absence of N fertilization, reduction of plant density decreased N concentration in common bean leaves. Nitrogen fertilization linearly increased dry matter and leaf N concentration, mainly at lower plant densities. Regardless of plant density, the N supply linearly increased grain yield of cultivars IPR 139 and Pérola by 17.3 and 52.2%, respectively.

Effect of pre-utilisation and harvest time on the quantity and quality of fodder on extensive pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bajnok ◽  
L. Szemán ◽  
J. Tasi
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July

No significant studies have yet been reported in Central Europe on the yield and quality of winter harvest pastures. The aim of the research was to collect information about the effect of pre-utilisation (June, July and August) and winter harvest date (November, December, January) on the quantity and quality of fodder from Festuca arundinacea stands. The dry matter, energy, ADF, ADL and ergosterol contents of the yield were examined and it was found that: 1. A shorter regeneration period between harvests resulted in lower dry matter levels, but also in a higher energy concentration and lower ergosterol concentration. 2. The yield and energy concentrations decreased, whereas the ADF, ADL and ergosterol concentrations increased as the winter progressed. 3. Fodder harvested in November produced the best results in terms of yield quantity and quality. The highest yield and energy values were thus achieved by harvesting in November, regardless of pre-utilisation. Despite the cold and the long period of snow cover, the energy values of samples harvested in December and January showed no significant decrease. The weather conditions were more important for fodder quantity and quality than the frequency or date of harvesting. Thus, under the continental climatic conditions in Hungary, extensive utilisation, until late November or early December, is recommended.

scholarly journals The comparison of single and double cut harvests on biomass yield, quality and biogas production of Miscanthus × giganteus

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Marta Kupryś-Caruk ◽  
Sławomir Podlaski
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research was to determine the impact of double-cut harvest system on yield, as well as on suitability of Miscanthus × giganteus biomass for ensiling and biogas production. Biomass was harvested at the end of June (harvest I) and at the beginning of October (harvest II, regrowth). A single-cut regime at the end of October was also conducted. Biomass from harvests I and II was ensiled and subjected to anaerobic fermentation. The total dry matter (DM) yield from double-cut harvest system was similar to the DM yield from one-cut harvest, but two harvests per year had a positive effect on chemical composition of the biomass. C/N ratio and lignin content in the biomass from harvest I was lower compared to the single-cut biomass. Double harvest biomass was susceptible to ensiling, however, the biomass from harvest I characterized by low dry matter and water soluble sugars content resulted in poorer quality of the obtained silage (butyric acid was present). There were no significant differences between the methane yields obtained from ensiled biomass from harvests I and II.

INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND HARVESTING MANAGEMENT ON YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SPARTINA PECTINATA ON DIKELAND

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-566
Author(s):  
J. E. Langille ◽  
J. W. G. Nicholson ◽  
F. S. Warren ◽  
R. B. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Spartina Pectinata ◽  
Crude Fiber Content

Spartina pectinata (Link.) was harvested at four growth stages (vegetative, late jointing, heads emerged, and mature seed) to stubble heights of 4.4, 7.6, and 12.7 cm. Nitrogen was applied in late spring to one-half the area at the rate of 84 kg/ha. Maximum dry matter yields were obtained from a single harvest at the seed stage on the N-fertilized plots. Harvesting before the seed stage and N fertilization reduced the stand of Spartina pectinata and increased the stand of Agrostis palustris. The percentage of N, P, and K in the tissue decreased and crude fiber increased as the crop advanced in maturity. The application of N increased the N, P, and K content of the forage but had no effect on the crude fiber content. From these data a practical method of best utilizing this native species was determined.

scholarly journals The Effects of Nitrogen Source on Nutritive Value of Irrigated Silage Corn

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyfollah FALLAH ◽  
Solmaz NEISANI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Broiler Litter ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Matter Production

Nitrogen is considered one of the most important nutrients affecting yield and quality of maize forage (Zea mays L.). A two-year field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of broiler litter and mineral fertilizer on dry matter production and silage quality of corn. The applied treatments were: unfertilized (control), 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 in the form of urea fertilizer (217, 434, and 651 kg urea ha-1, respectively) and 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 in the form of broiler litter (7142, 14284, and 21426 kg broiler litter ha-1, respectively). The present findings showed that Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations in forage corn were not affected by urea application; however, broiler litter application significantly increased Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations of corn stover in a linear trend. The broiler litter and urea fertilizer significantly increased both dry matter and protein content of forage corn but no significant differences on those components were obtained between broiler litter and urea fertilizer at each N application rate. The results suggested that N applied to forage corn by broiler litter, at the recommended rate for inorganic N fertilization, is almost more effective in terms of forage nutritive value response than urea fertilizer. The profitability of forage corn production could be enhanced by replacing chemical fertilizers with broiler litter.

scholarly journals PSIV-B-27 Late-Breaking: Effects of grazing management and nitrogen fertilization on Marandu palisade grass production in silvopastoral systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 319-319
Author(s):  
Josimari R Paschoaloto ◽  
José Charlis Alves Andrade ◽  
Marcia Vitoria Santos ◽  
Leandro Diego da Silva ◽  
Priscila Junia Rodrigues da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Silvopastoral System ◽  
Forage Production

Abstract Integrated systems have been gaining prominence in recent years, especially the crop-livestock-forestry, which, in addition to being an alternative income per area, increase fertility and organic matter content in the soil, and protect animals against weather conditions. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the management of pastures under such conditions. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the grazing management and nitrogen fertilization in Marandu palisade grass consorted with Eucalyptus to obtain the greater of forage production. The experimental design was a randomized block, arranged in split-plot, the plots were composed of two eucalyptus spacing (12 x 2 or 12 x 3) and Marandu monoculture, the subplots were composed of the nitrogen fertilization rate (0, 100, 200 kg N/ha using ammonium sulfate). The higher DM accumulation rate was observed at 200 kg N ha-1 (69.29 kg DM ha-1 day), while there was no difference between the treatments without fertilization and 100 kg N ha-1 (P > 0.001). DM accumulation rate increased by 30.01% when fertilization increased from 100 kg N ha-1 to 200 kg N ha-1. Marandu palisade grass with 200 kg N ha-1 showed the highest production (28.82 t ha-1) independent of spacing. In the silvopastoral system, the greater accumulation of forage was observed when handled with 80% of the light interception (LI), corresponding to a height of 67 cm. Therefore, we conclude that Marandu grass in a silvopastoral system, without N fertilization, should be managed with a pre-grazing height of 60 cm and 73% LI. Marandu grass in a silvopastoral system, with 100 kg N ha-1 fertilization, should be managed with a height of 68 cm and 84% LI, and, with 200 kg N ha-1, should be managed at 80% of LI for the greater pasture utilization and development.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilization and plant density on seed yield and fat content and quality of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under climatic conditions of Belarus

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Cezary Andrzej Kwiatkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Harasim ◽  
Alena Yakimovich
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Pot Marigold

This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of different N fertilization and seeding rates on yield and some quality parameters (of seeds) of pot marigold. A field experiment was carried out during 2014–2016 under soil and climatic conditions of Belarus (Priluki Research Station near Minsk). The experiment included the following factors: N fertilization rate 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha–1; plant density per 1 m2 (30, 50, 70, 90).  The experiment was set up as a randomized block design in five replicates, with a single plot area of 8.0 m2. The soil in Priluki was characterized by medium nutrient availability (at the level: P = 120–127, K = 164–174, Mg = 59–66 mg kg–1 soil). Regardless of the experimental factors, weather conditions had a significant impact on pot marigold productivity. The year 2016, characterized by an even distribution of rainfall during the growing season and moderate air temperatures, proved to be most beneficial for pot marigold productivity and quality. Hydrological conditions in the other years (2014 and 2015) there was a slight drought. The year 2014 should be considered to be cold, whereas the second year of the study (2015) was moderately warm. Best production effects (seed yield, fat yield) were obtained at rates of 60–80 kg N ha–1. This rate of nitrogen fertilization also modified the fatty acid composition, contributing to a higher content of linoleic acid and calendic acid (∑ α-calendic and β-calendic acids). A nitrogen rate of 100 kg N ha–1 proved to be irrational in terms of the quantity and quality of pot marigold yield. A density of 50–70 plants per 1 m2 resulted in the highest seed and fat yield per unit area. A plant density of 50 plants per 1 m2 resulted in the highest content of C18 unsaturated acids (stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid) in the oil.

scholarly journals ß-Glucan contents of groats of different oat cultivars in official variety, in organic cultivation, and in nitrogen fertilization trials in Finland

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SAASTAMOINEN ◽  
V. HIETANIEMI ◽  
J-M. PIHLAVA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Cultivation Method ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Trial Series

ß-Glucan is a beneficial chemical compound in the diet of humans by decreasing the levels of serum cholesterol and blood glucose. The ß-glucan contents of oat groats were studied in official variety trials (1997-1999), nitrogen fertilization trials (1997-1999) and organic variety trials (1997-1998) in Finland. Eight cultivars were studied in the organic variety trials. Two of them, cultivars Puhti and Veli, were cultivated also with a conventional method at the same fields. The years 1997 and 1999 were very warm and dry and 1998 very cool and rainy. The effects of year and cultivar on ß-glucan content were significant in all three trial series. The Kolbu oat cultivar had a significantly lower ß- glucan content than other cultivars in all trials. N fertilization did not increase the ß-glucan contents of oats in Finland. The effect of cultivation method (traditional vr organic cultivation) had no significant effect on the ß-glucan content. The year x cultivar interaction significantly affected the ß-glucan contents of oat groats in N fertilization trials. The reaction of different cultivars to weather conditions was different. Kolbu oat cultivar had significantly lower ß-glucan contents in 1998 than in warm years in all three trial series.;

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