scholarly journals Effect of different durations of exposure to food-grade organic lactic acid on the growth of S. aureus and E. coli in meat from Persian sheep (Afshari breed) stored at refrigeration temperature

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Mogharei ◽  
Hamed Ahari ◽  
Ali Akbar Safekordi ◽  
Shabnam Haghighat Khajavi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Sample ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minced Meat ◽  
Time Point

The effect of lactic acid in extending the shelf life of sheep carcasses stored at 4°C was evaluated. Carcasses were assigned to four testing groups: T1 (control group), T2 (1% lactic acid spray), T3 (2% lactic acid spray) and T4 (3% lactic acid spray). There were statistically significant differences among the groups in the colour score for each minced meat sample at 48, 72, and 96 h (X2 = 9.9, P = 0.019; X2 = 9.7, P = 0.021, respectively). The minimum mean rank of the odour score was found using 1% lactic acid at 72 h (3.0), which was significantly different (P < 0.05) when compared to the other groups. The MANOVA test showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the percentage of protein during the days of the experiment. The interaction effect between the sampling time and acid concentration levels on the measurement of S. aureus log10 CFU showed that the marginal mean of that measurement was significant (P < 0.05) at 48, 72, and 96 hours. The minimum value for E. coli log10 CFU was observed at the time point of 96 h in groups 2 and 4 (3.3 ± 0.03) with no significant difference (P > 0.05) between them. In conclusion, 1% lactic acid is more effective in extending the shelf life of sheep meat in comparison to 2 and 3% lactic acid.

EFFECT OF LEMON PEEL AND PULP EXTRACT ON SOME LOCAL KURDISH RAM MEAT QUALITIES AND ITS SHELF LIFE

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Sample ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Lemon Peel ◽  
Meat Samples

To investigate the effectiveness of adding lemon peels and pulp extracts on some quality properties and shelf-life of the sheep longisimussdorsi muscle during refrigerated storage at 4±1°C for 0, 4, and 8 days for this purpose am meat trim of visible fat and connective tissue, they cut in small cubes. The meat samples divide into four equal proportions and mix with different concentrations of lemon peel and pulp extract according to the following formulations: Control; T1 1%; T2 2% and T3 3% of lemon peel and pulp extract, by applied immersion method. The results showed acceptable results of moisture content, Water-holding capacity cooking loss, thiobarbituric acid, met-myoglobin, myoglobin, and sensory traits of the samples treated with lemon peel in comparison to the control group. The phiso-chemical traits changed during the storage periods but the meat sample treated with lemon extract was more stable than control groups. These results suggested that using lemon peels and pulp extracts to maintain physio-chemical properties of ram meat and extend shelf-life during refrigerated storage, which may have implications of meat processors.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity assessment of different doses of ozonated water on dental pulp cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdiye Küçük ◽  
Sibel Yıldırım ◽  
Serap Çetiner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pulp Cells ◽  
Time Point ◽  
Ozonated Water

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of various concentrations of ozonated water (OW) on human primary dental pulp cells. Methods Human primary dental pulp cells were isolated from exfoliated primary canine teeth of an 11-year-old patient with good systemic and oral health. Afterwards, cells were divided into 6 experimental groups; four groups of OW in concentrations of 2 mg/L, 4 mg/L, 8 mg/L, and 16 mg/L, untreated control group, and cell culture without cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated after exposure for 5-min exposure using Mosmann’s Tetrazolium Toxicity (MTT) assay at 0 h and 48 h time points. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance and Post-hoc tests were performed using Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Results All experimental groups showed proliferation at 0 h time point. However, all groups also experienced a decrease in overtime at 48 h time point (p < 0.05). At both time points 2 mg/L OW showed the highest cell viability as well as proliferation. At 0 h time point, the increase in cell viability for all experimental groups was found statistically significant when compared to positive control group (p < 0.05). At 48 h time point, although 8 mg/L and 16 mg/L OW showed statistically significant reduction in compare to 0 h time point, 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L OW groups didn’t experience any statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion Considering our findings, due to ozonated water's induced a higher proliferation rate of dental pulp cells, indicating their biocompatibility and a possible adjuvant on irrigating agent in regenerative endodontic procedures.

Correlation Between Intestinal Microflora and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Elderly Patients with Sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1030-1037
Author(s):  
Hailing Yang ◽  
Xiaolin Zhang ◽  
Weijun Chen ◽  
Libo Shang ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Wbc Count

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a key factor that leads to death in elderly patients with sepsis. Therefore, early prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction (GIDF) in elderly patients with sepsis is an important measure to prevent MODS occurrence. This research explores the correlation between intestinal microflora and GIDF in elderly patients with sepsis and provides ideas for the prevention and treatment of GIDF in elderly patients with sepsis. In this study, 152 patients with sepsis (122 patients with sepsis and GIDF) treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine from January to September 2019 were selected as the sepsis group and 100 elderly who had normal physical examination results were selected as the control group. The common intestinal microflora of the two groups was compared. Patients with sepsis and GIDF were treated as the GIDF group and the other patients with sepsis were treated as the non-GIDF group. The common intestinal microflora, gastrointestinal indicators, serum inflammatory factors, and immune function indices were compared between the two groups. Correlation analysis of the observed indices with statistical significance was carried out. The results showed 152 patients with sepsis and 122 patients with sepsis and GIDF; thus, the incidence of sepsis with GIDF was 80.26%. The total average score of sepsis with GIDF was 3.61±0.09. There was no statistically significant difference in GIDF scores of patients ages 65–75 and > 75 years old. The number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in elderly patients with sepsis was lower and the number of Escherichia coli was higher than in the control group. In elderly patients with sepsis, the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the GIDF group was lower and the number of E. coli was higher than in the non-GIDF group. White blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), gastrin (GAS), and diamine oxidase (DAO) in GIDF patients were higher and motilin (MOT), CIT (CIT), CD4+, and CD8+ were lower than in the non-GIDF group. WBC count, PCT, CRP, TNF-α, GAS, and DAO were negatively correlated with the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus but positively correlated with E. coli. MOT, CIT, CD4+, and CD8+ were positively correlated with the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus but negatively correlated with E. coli. There was a negative correlation between Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and GIDF score and a positive correlation between E. coli and GIDF score. Therefore, the change in the intestinal microflora in elderly patients with sepsis is related to GIDF.

scholarly journals Capacity of Human Nisin- and Pediocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria To Reduce Intestinal Colonization by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1997-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Millette ◽  
Gilbert Cornut ◽  
Claude Dupont ◽  
François Shareck ◽  
Denis Archambault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

ABSTRACT This study demonstrated the capacity of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to reduce intestinal colonization by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a mouse model. Lactococcus lactis MM19 and Pediococcus acidilactici MM33 are bacteriocin producers isolated from human feces. The bacteriocin secreted by P. acidilactici is identical to pediocin PA-1/AcH, while PCR analysis demonstrated that L. lactis harbors the nisin Z gene. LAB were acid and bile tolerant when assayed under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. A well diffusion assay using supernatants from LAB demonstrated strong activity against a clinical isolate of VRE. A first in vivo study was done using C57BL/6 mice that received daily intragastric doses of L. lactis MM19, P. acidilactici MM33, P. acidilactici MM33A (a pediocin mutant that had lost its ability to produce pediocin), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 18 days. This study showed that L. lactis and P. acidilactici MM33A increased the concentrations of total LAB and anaerobes while P. acidilactici MM33 decreased the Enterobacteriaceae populations. A second in vivo study was done using VRE-colonized mice that received the same inocula as those in the previous study for 16 days. In L. lactis-fed mice, fecal VRE levels 1.73 and 2.50 log10 CFU/g lower than those in the PBS group were observed at 1 and 3 days postinfection. In the P. acidilactici MM33-fed mice, no reduction was observed at 1 day postinfection but a reduction of 1.85 log10 CFU/g was measured at 3 days postinfection. Levels of VRE in both groups of mice treated with bacteriocin-producing LAB were undetectable at 6 days postinfection. No significant difference in mice fed the pediocin-negative strain compared to the control group was observed. This is the first demonstration that human L. lactis and P. acidilactici nisin- and pediocin-producing strains can reduce VRE intestinal colonization.

scholarly journals Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophillus) in Yogurt Inhibit the Growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sp. In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
IDSAP Peramiarti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Test Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

Diarrhea is defecation with a frequency more often than usual (three times or more) a day (10 mL/kg/day) with a soft or liquid consistency, even in the form of water alone. Pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sp., play a role in many cases, to which antibiotics are prescribed as the first-line therapy. However, since antibiotic resistance cases are often found, preventive therapies are needed, such as consuming yogurt, which is produced through a fermentation process by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This research aimed to determine the activity of lactic acid bacteria (Liactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) in yogurt in inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic bacteria E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigella sp. The research applied in vitro with the liquid dilution test method and the true experimental design research method with post-test-only and control group design. The design was used to see the inhibitory effect of yogurt LAB on the growth of E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigell sp. to compare the effect of several different yogurt concentrations, namely 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The results of the Least Significance Different analysis showed that there was a significant difference between yogurt with a concentration of 0% and that with various concentrations in inhibiting the growth of E. coli, S. typhimurium, and Shigella sp. with a p-value of &lt;0.05. Whereas, there was no significant difference in the various concentrations of yogurt in inhibiting the growth of the three kinds of bacteria with a p-value of &gt; 0.05.<p class="Default" align="center"> </p>

scholarly journals The Potential Impact of Moringa oleifera for Diminishing the Microbial contamination and Prolonging the Quality and Shelf-Life of Chilled Meat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hamada ◽  
Mabrouk Abd Eldaim ◽  
Said I. Fathalla ◽  
Ayman El Behiry ◽  
Mohamed Alkafafy
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Quality And Shelf Life

This study was implemented to assess the mechanism by which Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) improves the quality and prolongs shelf-life of the broilers’ breast meat. Ninety Cobb chicks were randomly allocated to 3 groups. A control group received the standard diet, whereas the other two groups received diets containing MOLE at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg for 21 days. Inclusion of MOLE in broilers diet significantly reduced the detrimental changes in the overall sensory attribute scores, characteristic color and odor, and the loss of breast muscle elasticity during storage. Furthermore, it significantly reduced concentrations of thiobarbituric acid, total volatile nitrogen, non-esterified fatty acids, and peroxide, during storage compared to the control samples. No effect on the concentrations of heavy metals, such as copper, cadmium, and lead, was observed. Decomposition of samples was delayed as indicated by lower pH values and higher sensory scores at 4 and 6 days of storage in the MOLE groups. Reduced contamination with E. coli and Salmonella species indicated an antibacterial effect of MOLE. Finally, the present study highlights that MOLE supplementation may play a role in improving quality and shelf-life of the chilled breast meat in broilers.

scholarly journals Effect of text message follow-up on patient's self-reported level of pain and anxiety

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Keith ◽  
Daniel J. Rinchuse ◽  
Meghan Kennedy ◽  
Thomas Zullo
Keyword(s):  
Text Message ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initial Appointment ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Initial Placement ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine whether a text message reduces the severity of patient self-reported levels of pain and anxiety following initial placement of orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine orthodontic patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups and matched for age, gender, and bracket type (self-ligating vs conventional). The subjects completed baseline questionnaires to ascertain their levels of pain and anxiety before initiating orthodontic treatment. Following the initial appointment, subjects completed the pain questionnaire and anxiety inventory at the same time daily for 1 week. One group received a structured text message showing concern and reassurance, while the second group served as a control and received no postprocedural communication. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in pain in relation to time between the text message group and the control group as it was demonstrated that demonstrated that compared with the text message group, mean pain intensity increased and selfreported discomfort was longer in the control group. Anxiety was determined to be at its peak the day following initial orthodontic appliance placement and gradually tapered off from that time point. No intergroup difference was noted when analyzing anxiety. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a text message sent from an orthodontic office following initial appliance placement resulted in a lower level of patient's self-reported pain. Additionally, patient anxiety is at its peak the day following the initial appointment and decreases from that point forward.

scholarly journals Impact of Probiotic on the Number of Lactic Acid Rods Forming Hydrogen Peroxide Isolated From Porkers and on Changes in Drug Resistance of Selected Escherichia Coli Isolates

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Selwet ◽  
Mariola Galbas ◽  
Piotr Dullin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Hydrogen Oxide

Abstract The presented investigations were conducted on a group of 60 porkers of crossbreed Polish Landrace x Large White Polish. The animals were divided into two equal experimental groups. The control group (K) was fed diets without supplementation with probiotics, group (P) - diets with the addition of probiotic (0.2 kg t-1 feed). The aim of the study was to determine the effect of probiotic preparation on total numberof lactic acid rods from the Lactobacillus genus and those forming hydrogen oxide. The second part of experiment concerned the influence of probiotic preparation on the number, haemolytic ability and changes in drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from animal faeces. The significantly highest number of Lactobacillus sp. were determined in the saliva of porkers fed diets with the addition of probiotic, while the lowest in the control group. Lactobacillus sp. rods capable of forming hydrogen peroxide were isolated from 17 animals in group K and from three animals in group P. E. coli was determined in each examined sample of faeces. In groups K and P, counts of these bacteria were similar and did not differ statistically. High numbers of haemolytic isolates (haemolysis β) were found in faeces of animals fed diets with the addition of probiotic. Number and proportions of resistant isolates in groups K and P were different. Gentamicin was characterised by exceptionally high in vitro effectiveness. The used probiotic increased drug resistance of E. coli and increased frequency of incidence of haemolysis β.

Microbiota and epigenetic regulation of inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetes and obesity

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Remely ◽  
E. Aumueller ◽  
D. Jahn ◽  
B. Hippe ◽  
H. Brath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Significant Difference

Metabolic syndrome is associated with alterations in the structure of the gut microbiota leading to low-grade inflammatory responses. An increased penetration of the impaired gut membrane by bacterial components is believed to induce this inflammation, possibly involving epigenetic alteration of inflammatory molecules such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We evaluated changes of the gut microbiota and epigenetic DNA methylation of TLR2 and TLR4 in three groups of subjects: type 2 diabetics under glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist therapy, obese individuals without established insulin resistance, and a lean control group. Clostridium cluster IV, Clostridium cluster XIVa, lactic acid bacteria, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteroidetes abundances were analysed by PCR and 454 high-throughput sequencing. The epigenetic methylation in the regulatory region of TLR4 and TLR2 was analysed using bisulfite conversion and pyrosequencing. We observed a significantly higher ratio of Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes in type 2 diabetics compared to lean controls and obese. Major differences were shown in lactic acid bacteria, with the highest abundance in type 2 diabetics, followed by obese and lean participants. In comparison, F. prausnitzii was least abundant in type 2 diabetics, and most abundant in lean controls. Methylation analysis of four CpGs in the first exon of TLR4 showed significantly lower methylation in obese individuals, but no significant difference between type 2 diabetics and lean controls. Methylation of seven CpGs in the promoter region of TLR2 was significantly lower in type 2 diabetics compared to obese subjects and lean controls. The methylation levels of both TLRs were significantly correlated with body mass index. Our data suggest that changes in gut microbiota and thus cell wall components are involved in the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory reactions. An improved diet targeted to induce gut microbial balance and in the following even epigenetic changes of pro-inflammatory genes may be effective in the prevention of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Total Lactic Acid Bacteria and Antibacterial Activity in Yoghurt with Addition of Ananas comosus Merr. and Cinnamomum burmannii

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Lusia Yotista Enggal Parasthi ◽  
Diana Nur Afifah ◽  
Choirun Nissa ◽  
Binar Panunggal
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cinnamon Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cinnamomum Burmannii

Background: Diarrhea disease is one of gastrointestinal disorders which is the second leading cause of death in children under five years. Food and beverage contamination is the biggest cause of diarrhea in developing countries. Nanas madu (Ananas comosus Merr.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) have antibacterial properties that can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi causing diarrhea.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the total differences of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and antibacterial activity in yoghurt with the addition of nanas madu and cinnamon extract.Methods: This was an experimental study with various treatment in adding honey cream pineapple (0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%) and cinnamon extract (4% and 6%). Total LAB was calculated using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method and antibacterial activity was tested using Kirby Bauer method.Results: There was no significant difference in yoghurt with the addition of honey cream pineapple and cinnamon extract. Yoghurt with the highest LAB was yoghurt with addition 40% of honey cream pineapple and 6% of cinnamon extract (N40M2) with total LAB 1,43 x 1019 CFU/ml. The results of the antibacterial activity showed no significant difference of inhibition zone against S. typhi¸ while there was significant difference of inhibition zone against E. coli. The highest activity against S. typhi was yoghurt with addition 60% of honey cream pineapple and 4% of cinnamon extract (N60M1) resulting 6,81 mm inhibition zone and the highest activity against E. coli was N40M1 resulting 6,77 mm of inhibition zone. Conclusion: Total LAB yoghurt with the addition of nanas madu and cinnamon extract have met FAO and SNI standards with LAB minimum 107 CFU/ml. Antibacterial activity of all yoghurt treatment categorized as medium inhibition (5-10 mm). 

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