scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of various long-term fertilization systems on the content and fractional composition of humic compounds in Lessive soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Wiera Sądej ◽  
Andrzej Cezary Żołnowski
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
Humic Compounds ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
Limed Soil

A field experiment was established in 1972 on Luvisol. Three types of fertilizers – cattle manure (CM), cattle slurry (CS) and mineral fertilizers were used. CS was applied in the following doses: I – balanced with CM in terms of the amount of introduced total nitrogen and II – balanced with CM in terms of the amount of introduced total organic carbon (C<sub>tot</sub>). 39 years after the experiment was established, half of each experimental plot was limed and since then the experiment was carried in two series – non-limed and limed soils. The paper presents the results of soil analyses 41 years after the experiment was started. It was found that each fertilization system increased the C<sub>tot</sub> content in soil in relation to the unfertilized control plot. The increase of C<sub>tot</sub> fluctuated between 0.35–6.22 g/kg of dry matter. In both series, the highest C<sub>tot</sub> content was observed in the soil fertilized with CM and CM + PK. Limed compared to non-limed soil contained nearly 25% more carbon of humic acids than fulvic acids and nearly 20% lower content of low molecular humic bonds. Liming considerably widened the humic acids carbon:fulvic acids carbon (C<sub>HA</sub>:C<sub>FA</sub>) ratio of the fertilized soils, up to 1.32–1.87, while the corresponding objects of the non-limed series showed the C<sub>HA</sub>:C<sub>FA</sub> ratio between 0.75–0.97.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND LIMING ON THE AGROCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF SOIL AND LOSSES OF PLANT NUTRIENTS THROUGH DRAIN WATER

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Jānis Vigovskis ◽  
Aivars Jermušs ◽  
Agrita Švarta
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Drain Water ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Limed Soil ◽  
Crop Succession ◽  
Term Field

The aim of the research was to study the influence of mineral fertilizers and liming on yields of field crops and agrochemical parameters of soil and loss of plant nutrients through drain water. Since 1982, long-term field trials were carried out under crop succession with long-term grass, grain (rye, triticale, spring wheat, barley, oat), potatoes and rape. Annually from soil thought drains were leached about 3.0 - 21.9 kg ha-1 nitrogen, 0.1 - 0.5 kg ha'1 and 0.6 -1.7 kg ha-1 potassium. Application of P0 and P30 led to the further decrease of phosphorus content as fa r as 0-6 mg kg especially in limed soil. Significant increase of phosphorus content was observed only using phosphorus rate P90. Positive NPK balance in limed trial plots was achieved with annual inputs of 90 kg ha-1 N, 100 kg ha-1 P20 s and 90 Kg ha-1 K20.

Productivity and feed value of herbage mixtures on the basis of Festulolium in the Upper Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
S. Esedullaev
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Mixed Crops ◽  
Feed Unit ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

The results of long-term experiments on the productivity and feed value of Festulolium herbage mixtures with meadow clover and variegated alfalfa have been presented. It has been found that in mixed crops with the participation of Festulolium the productivity and quality of herbage mass were higher than in traditional crops. In mixed clover crops with Festulolium the yield of herbage mass was higher by 8,7–14,1 % and amounted to 41,3 and 43,5 t/ha, dry matter 6,89 and 7,60 t/ha, collection of feed units 6,13 and 6,94 thousand/ha, digestible protein 663 and 690 kg/ha, respectively, in the control and against the background of mineral nutrition. The supply of a feed unit with digestible protein reached 106–108 g, the sugar-protein ratio was 0,79–0,82, which corresponds to zootechnical standards or close to them. Herbage mixtures of alfalfa with Festulolium formed yields of herbage mass 42,9 t/ha, dry matter 9,29 t/ha, feed units 8,73 thousand/ha, digestible protein 1103 kg/ha in control and 47,9 t/ha, 9,89 t/ha, 8,73 thousand/ha, 1160 kg/ha, respectively, when applying mineral fertilizers, which was higher than traditional herbage mixtures by 9,2–14,0 %. When the ratio of sugar and protein was close to the optimal ratio (0,77–0,81), the supply of digestible protein to the feed unit significantly exceeded the norm (132–140 g). Joint crops of cereals and legumes are also important agrotechnical value. Due to the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic activity of legumes when they are grown together with cereals, nitrogen is transferred from legumes to cereals, which completely eliminates or significantly reduces the need for such crops in mineral fertilizers.

EFFECT OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA ON DIFFERENT HUMIC SUBSTANCES IN MIXED BATCH CULTURES

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. YANZE KONTCHOU ◽  
R. BLONDEAU
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Carboxyl Content ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Humic Compounds ◽  
Reducing Conditions

Humic substances extracted from different soil samples and synthetic humic compounds (two melanoidins and one synthetic polymer) were used as the sole carbon source in liquid media inoculated with a mixed bacterial community selected by adaptation culture technique, and incubated for 90 or 100 d. The results show a high resistance to degradation of humic compounds by heterotrophic bacteria. Only a slight decrease in carbohydrate content and some modifications in carboxyl content were observed with the natural compounds. This resistance to biodegradation does not seem to be related to sample origin (e.g., forest humic substances compared to cultivated soil humic substances), or extraction procedure (sodium pyrophosphate compared to sodium hydroxide). Fulvic acids were as refractory as humic acids. The action of heterotrophic bacteria on incubated humic substances was similar under anaerobic (with nitrate reducing conditions) and aerobic conditions. Key words: Fulvic acids, humic acids, humus recalcitrance, melanoidins

scholarly journals   Effect of long-term cattle slurry and mineral N, P and K application on concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in peeled potato tubers and peels

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Šrek ◽  
M. Hejcman ◽  
E. Kunzová
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Neutral Soil ◽  
Potato Peels

Little information is available on how fertilizer application affects concentration of many elements in peeled potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers and peels. We analyzed how long-term application of cattle slurry and mineral N, P and K fertilizers affects the yield of tubers, their dry matter content and concentrations of elements. In 2009, potatoes tubers were collected in control, cattle slurry (CS), mineral N<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>K<sub>2</sub> and combined CSN<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>K<sub>2</sub> treatment of the Ruzyně Fertilizer and Crop Rotation Experiment established on Illimerized Luvisol in Prague (Czech Republic) in 1955. Amount of N, P and K supplied by CS was 138, 30 and 172 kg/ha and the amount supplied by N<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>K<sub>2</sub> was 110, 31 and 186 kg/ha. Yield of fresh potatoes ranged from 20.6 in the control up to 31.2 t/ha in CSN<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>K<sub>2</sub> treatment. Dry matter content of unpeeled tubers, peeled tubers and potato peels was not significantly affected by fertilizer treatments probably because of not excessive N application. Normal cropping practices with application of CS and mineral N, P and K fertilizers did not significantly increase concentrations of trace elements in peeled tubers or potato peels on neutral soil with low trace elements availability. Concentrations of many elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn) were higher in potato peels than in peeled tubers, but the differences in the case of trace elements were relatively small. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Group fractional composition of humus of alluvial soils of floodplain of Western Bug River

2013 ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Yuriy Nakonechnyy
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Soil Humus ◽  
Bog Soils ◽  
Fractional Composition Of Humus

Fractionally-group composition of humus alluvial turf, meadow, meadow marsh and bog soils of floodplain of Western Bug River was characterized. The results of studies of quality of soil humus of floodplain of this river by Ukrainian and foreign researchers were analyzed. The main indicators of fractionally-group composition of humus soils were studied. Key words: alluvial soils, humus of soil, fractionally-group composition of humus, humic acids, fulvic acids.

Quality and dynamics of soil organic matter in a typical Chernozem of Ukraine under different long-term tillage systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kravchenko ◽  
N. Rogovska ◽  
L. Petrenko ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
C. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Typical Chernozem ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Molecular Masses

Kravchenko, Y., Rogovska, N., Petrenko, L., Zhang, X., Song, C. and Chen, Y. 2012. Quality and dynamics of soil organic matter in a typical Chernozem of Ukraine under different long-term tillage systems. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 429–438. Tillage has been reported to induce changes in soil organic matter (SOM) concentrations and quality. Conversion of plow-tillage to minimum till and no-till (NT) farming enhances the SOM pool. Enrichment of the SOM pool is essential for maintaining fertility of Chernozems, advancing food security, and improving the environment. The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of different tillage systems on the SOM concentration, its quality and dynamics including CO2 assimilation by heterotrophic bacteria and humus characteristics – the carbon (C) concentration in humic substances and the labile soil organic C fraction (SOCL) extracted with 0.1 N NaOH – as well as the molecular masses, spectroscopic parameters and physiological effects of humic acids on germinating pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds. Our study was conducted on a long-term experimental site on a Haplick Chernozem in the Poltava region of Ukraine over a 10-yr period from 1996 to 2006. Results indicate that conversion from conventional to reduced soil tillage systems increased SOM concentrations in 0- to 10-cm soil layer and led to the accumulation of C in fulvic acids and humins. No significant differences in SOM storage in the 0- to 100-cm layer were observed among tillage systems. However, reduced tillage systems had a higher proportion of SOCL, a lower ratio of C in humic acids/C in fulvic acids and more humic acids with molecular masses from 110 to 2000 kDa. Our study demonstrated that the quality and dynamics of SOM are closely related to soil tillage practices.

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers and liming on the properties of sod-podzolic soils and the productivity of legume-grass mixture in the conditions of the Komi Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
N. T. Chebotaryov ◽  
O. V. Brovarova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The research was carried out in 1998-2018 in the conditions of the Komi Republic. Under study was the effectiveness of single application (1983) of lime doses (1.0; 2.0; 2.5 h. a.) and the systematic use of mineral fertilizers (N60P75K75) against the background of lime effect in the cultivation of perennial grass mixtures (meadow clover, meadow timothy and cocksfoot). High efficiency was shown by liming at doses of 2.0 and 2.5 h. a., the effect remained for 35 years since their introduction to the soil. Thus, in 2018, the exchange acidity was 4.5-4.8 pHKCl (the initial 4.1-4.2 pHKCl). A similar decrease was observed in the hydrolytic acidity and the content of exchangeable aluminum in the soil. The amount of humus by 2018 increased to 1.7-1.8 % (the initial 1.4-1.5 %). The average yield of perennial grasses during soil liming at doses of 2.0 and 2.5 h .a. was 24.0-25.1 t/ha of green mass (5.3-5.5 t/ha of good quality dry matter), which is 52.8-59.8 % higher than the variant without fertilizers (15.7 green mass and 3.7 t/ha of dry matter). In the variant with the systematic use of NPK, the exchange acid content of the soil and the humus content remained at the initial level, the amount of the mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium increased to 198 and 121 mg/kg of soil (the initial 42 and 62 mg/kg). The average annual yield of grasses was 25.3 t/ha of green mass (5.4 t/ha dry matter) and was 61.1 and 45.9 % higher than the control. Against the background of the aftereffect of lime flour, the effect of NPK on soil properties was similar to the effect of non-fertilizing cultivation, with the exception of a significant increase in the availability of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium – up to 254-288 and 148-166 mg/kg, respectively. A high yield of green mass of 28.1-30.7 t/ha (6.4-6.7 t/ha dry matter) was obtained, exceeding the control by 78.9-95.5 %. In these variants, grass mixture of high quality was obtained: the content of crude protein – 13.8-13.9 %; dry matter – 21.8-21.9 %; the content of total phosphorus – 0.92-0.94 %; potassium – 2.93-2.95 % and calcium – 0.79-0.81 %. The amount of nitrates in the feed did not exceed the MPC (147-149 mg/kg dry matter). Long-term studies on sod-podzolic poorly cultivated soil showed that the optimal method for the cultivation of long-term legume-cereal grass mixture was the use of lime flour (2.0 and 2.5 h .a.) and the annual use of N60P75K75.

The effectiveness of granular chalk use for growing winter wheat on grey forest soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
M. Tkachenko ◽  
N. Borys ◽  
Ye. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Grey Forest Soil

The research aims to establish the eff ectiveness of granular chalk use produced by «Slavuta-Calcium» Ltd. under growing Poliska–90 winter wheat variety, changing the physicochemical properties of grey forest soil and the wheat productivity. It also aims to establish optimal dosis of «Slavuta-Calcium» granular chalk as the meliorant and mineral fertilizer for grey forest soil in the system of winter wheat fertilization. In the temporary fi eld studies, various doses of nutrients N60–90–120P30–45–60K60–90–120 combined with «Slavuta–Calcium» granular chalk in a dose of Ca230–460–690 kg/ha of the active substance were studied against the background of secondary plowing of rotation products – soybean biomass that averaged 2.34 t/ha. Granular chalk is a modern complex highly eff ective meliorant with the content of Ca – 37.7 and Mg – 0.2 %, the mass fraction of carbonates (CaCO3 + MgCO3) makes at least 95 %. It is characterized by a high level of solubility when interacting with moisture in soil. It has a form of white granules, the mass fraction of 4.0–6.0 mm in size granules makes not less than 90 % and the one of 1.0 mm in size makes less than 5 %. Reactivity – 97 %. The granular chalk is advisable to apply on acidic soils, as a highly concentrated calcium-magnesium fertilizer, with the former as the dominant fertilizer, to optimize the physicochemical properties of the soil, as well as the plant nutrition system, in particular, increasing the availability of an element for assimilation by plants and as long-term ameliorants. The eff ectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, in particular acidic nitrogen on highly and medium acidic soils, after chemical reclamation is increased by 30–50 %, and slightly acidic by 15–20 %. The increase in productivity of crops from the combined eff ects of nutrients and chalk granulated is usually higher than when separately applied. The eff ectiveness of the integrated action of these elements is manifested in the growth of plant productivity and the quality of the resulting products, as well as the optimization of physical chemical properties and soil buff ering in the long term. In order to optimize the physicochemical properties of the arable layer of gray forest soil and the productive nutrition of agricultural crops, winter wheat, in particular, biogenic elements should be used in doses N60-90-120P30-45- 60K60-90-120 with granulated chalk «Slavuta-Calcium» in doses of Ca230-460-690 kg/ha of active substance. Granulated chalk obtained as a result of industrial grinding of solid sedimentary carbonate rocks of natural origin, subsequently under the infl uence of the granulation process of the starting material contains Ca and Mg carbonates of at least 95 %, dense granules which facilitates convenient mechanized application, as well as chalk suitable for accurate metered application on the quest map. Key words: granular chalk, gray forest soil, chemical reclamation, crop productivity.

TRANSFORMATION FEATURES OF THE DRAINED PEAT-PODZOL GLEY SOILS UNDER LONG-TERM AGRICULTURAL USE

1970 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
V. А. Shevchenko ◽  
A. V. Nefedov ◽  
A. V. Ilinskiy ◽  
А. Е. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Peat Layer ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineralization Processes ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Plough Layer

Long-term observations of the drained soil of peat-podzolic-gley light loam on ancient alluvial sands state on the example of the meliorative object "Tinky-2" showed that under the influence of agricultural use in the soil, the organic matter mineralization processes are accelerated. During the drainage process, the soil evolutionarily suffered the following changes: the peat layer was compacted, humified and mineralized, which was a reason of the transformation them into the humus horizon. Based on the monitoring studies results it was established that during 21 intensive use years the peat layer thickness was decreased by 74.5% and amounted to 5.51 inch, which in the following 20 years was decreased to a layer of 1.18 inch, and for another 14 years it became a homogeneous humus horizon containing difficulty identifiable plant remains. For half a century, the bulk density increased by 6 times and the total moisture capacity of the soil decreased by 3.6 times. Other indicators were changed significantly. So, the ash content by 2016 increased from 11.2% to 52.7%. It was a reason of the plough-layer decreasing and it mixes with the mineral sand horizon during plowing. It should also be noted that the total nitrogen content in the soil decreased by 1.13%, and total carbon by 15.3% from 1982 to 2016. The dynamics of changes in the soil acidity, phosphorus and potassium content is associated with the introduction of calcareous, organic and mineral fertilizers in the 1980s. The unsystematic exploitation of such soils leads to decrease in the agricultural products productivity and increase in energy costs. When planning these soils usage in agricultural production, it is necessary to develop and implement modern melioration technologies and techniques aimed to increase soil fertility.

Agricultural practices of improve hardiness a winter-annual rape

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (91) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
O.L. Kyrylesko
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Output Capacity ◽  
Careful Preparation ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Selection Of

Influence of top-dressing is considered in the article, norms and terms of sowing on of winter-annual rape. The assessment conducted by the yield of green mass and seeds, output capacity by about 1 hectare of dry matter, feed units and digestible protein, the number of dead plants and density of herbage. Established that hardiness and productivity of winter rape can be enhanced through the use of farming practices as: by creating a moderate density of herbage, using optimal terms of planting and doses of mineral fertilizers, selection of predecessors and careful preparation of the soil ect. The mechanism of influence of agrotechnical receptions is exposed on of winter-annual rape through determination in roots before the offensive of the winter of separate biochemical indexes (sugar, starch, to protein).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document