scholarly journals Later Chronotype Correlates With Severe Depression in Indonesian College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Alva Supit ◽  
Merry Gosal ◽  
Prycilia Mamuaja ◽  
Sicilia Kumaat ◽  
Achmad Paturusi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Mental Symptoms

Background and Objective The correlation between late chronotype and depression has been well documented, but reports from the equatorial area, where the sun shines throughout the year with less seasonal variation, are limited. In the present research study, we sought to 1) examine the relationship between the chronotype and mental health symptoms in an Indonesian student population and 2) explore the characteristics of those who lie at the extreme chronotype and psychometry.Methods This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study including undergraduate students in an Indonesian university (n = 493). We used the Munich Chronotype Questionnaires and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale to assess the chronotype and mental symptoms, respectively. Following this, a follow-up with an in-depth interview on the selected population at the extreme end of the chronotype was performed as an exploratory approach to identify their common characteristics.Results Among the tested parameters, the depression score was significantly associated with chronotype (p = 0.003), replicating previous findings from other areas with higher latitudes. The correlation persisted when males and females were analyzed separately (p = 0.008 and 0.037, respectively). A follow-up qualitative analysis revealed a potential subclinical, unrealized depression among the subjects; our findings revealed the use of smartphones during or before bedtime as a common factor among those with later chronotypes.Conclusions There is a correlation between depression score and chronotype among Indonesian college students, where subjects with later chronotype are more likely to have a higher depression score.

scholarly journals The prevalence of smartphone addiction and its correlation with depression among higher college of technology students, Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1833
Author(s):  
Adil M. AL Mahrooqi ◽  
Talal A. AL Agbari ◽  
Asma S. AL Shidhani
Keyword(s):  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technology Students ◽  
College Of Technology ◽  
Patient Health

Background: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of smartphone addiction and its correlation with depression among Higher College of Technology students in Oman.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Higher College of Technology, Oman. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed electronically to students between January and February 2017. The questionnaire contained a validated short version of the smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV) and a validated Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), along with a single question to self-assess smartphone addiction.Results: With a response rate of 86.2%, a total of 376 students were considered, of whom 34.6% were males and 65.4% were females, with an overall mean age of 20.9 years. This study showed that the prevalence of smartphone addiction in the study population using the SAS-SV was 63.8%; 88.3% of students were using their smartphones for four hours or more per day and 80% had been using smartphones for more than four years. The overall depression rate was 32.2%. As the total depression score increased by 1 point, the smartphone addiction score increased by 0.428 points (p<0.005). The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 54.9% among those who had no depression, 80.3% among those who had mild depression, 75.9% among those who had moderate depression, and 96.2% among those who have severe depression (p<0.005).Conclusions: This study shows high smartphone addiction levels based on SAS-SV scores and found a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction score and depression scores.

scholarly journals COMORBIDITY OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG STUDENTS AT THE KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Jared Menecha ◽  
Susan Muriungi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity

Objectives: To determine comorbidity of depression and anxiety among students at the Kenya Medical Training College, Kenya Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Study participants were basic diploma students in a middle level college in Kenya. Data was collected using a researcher designed self-administered questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for severity of depression and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for the severity of anxiety in all the students in the seven largest KMTC campuses. All the participants gave informed consent. Results: 18.4% and 20.2% of group A and B respectively had moderate depression while 48.5% and 45.8% respectively had severe depression. The equivalents for anxiety in groups A and B were 24.4% and 23.6% for moderate anxiety and 32.1% and 31.5% for severe anxiety. There was a higher rate of depression and anxiety in thesecond year; with a statistically significant association between depression and anxiety and the year of study in the two groups (p<0.0001 each respectively). All the other social demographic characteristics had no statistically significant association with depression or anxiety in the two groups. There was a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety co-morbidity in both groups which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent and significantly co-existent among the KMTC students. These mental conditions seemed to vary with the level of study training among college students. Therefore, the psychological well-being of college students need to be carefully addressed. There is need to closely monitor anxiety and depression to eliminate the risk factors and consequently prevent the development of adverse outcomes.

A Follow-Up Study of the Indicators of Teaching Presence Critical to Students in Online Courses

2013 ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Sheridan ◽  
Melissa A. Kelly ◽  
David T. Bentz
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Teaching Presence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Follow Up Study

The purpose of the study presented in this chapter was to examine students’ perceptions of the importance of various indicators of teaching presence for their success in online courses. A cross-sectional survey design was used to identify the indicators that students perceived to be most important and to determine whether there were potential differences between graduate students and undergraduate students in terms of the students’ perceptions. Although the indicators that students rated as most important were similar for both groups of students, there were statistically significant differences for a few of the indicators. Students’ comments suggested additional indicators and provided insights about the importance of dispositions in online courses.

scholarly journals Alcoholism among Dental Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 475-478
Author(s):  
Nithyanandham Masilamani ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Specific Stage ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Harmful Effects

College students are at a specific stage to experience more freedom in making personal choices about their health than earlier or later in life—some forms of risky such as alcohol consumption peak in this age group. Alcohol use is broadly reported among university students. To evaluate the pattern of alcohol consumption among dental undergraduate students and associated factors with alcohol consumption. This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional type of study comprising 100 dental college students in Chennai. A self-designed questionnaire contains 10 questions based on the knowledge, awareness on the harmful effects of alcohol among dental college students. Questionnaires were circulated through an online website survey planet. After the responses were received from 100 participants, data was collected and . 92% of students are not alcoholics. 90% of students are aware that alcoholism is injurious to health. 76% of students were aware that alcoholics get a risk of hepatic cancer if they drink alcohol. 60% of students consuming alcohol said they drink because of family problems,35% because of work-related stress and 5% because of peer pressure. The alcohol consumption rate is less among dental students and the majority of them are aware of the harmful effects of alcoholism. However, more intense awareness programs should be initiated to discontinue the use of alcohol.

scholarly journals Psychological Impact of Alopecia Areata

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Suchana Marahatta ◽  
Sudha Agrawal ◽  
Baikuntha Raj Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
One Year

Introduction. Alopecia areata is one of the commonest causes of nonscarring alopecia. Since hair is a vital part with very high cosmetic concern, hair loss might have a significant negative impact on patient’s life. Hence, we aimed this to investigate depression and anxiety in patients with alopecia areata. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 75 consecutive eligible patients of alopecia areata were interviewed over one-year period in the dermatology outpatient department. We recorded the relevant history and examination details in the present proforma. Nepali versions of Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used for the assessment of depression and anxiety, respectively. Data analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 11.5. Results. Among 75 patients, the prevalence of depression and anxiety were 66.7% and 73.3%, respectively, with median depression score = 5 (IQR = 0.0–10.0) and median anxiety score = 5 (IQR = 0.0–11.0). Out of all depressed patients, 82.0% had minimal and 18.0% had moderate depression. However, none of them had severe depression. Likewise, out of all patients with anxiety, 89.0% had mild and 11.0% had moderate anxiety, but none of them had severe anxiety. Conclusion. Anxiety and depression are common psychological problems in patients with alopecia areata. Because of their direct impact on treatment outcome, we, treating dermatologist, must be aware of them, and we should counsel our patients for consultation with the psychiatrist on time for their maximum benefit.

scholarly journals A survey of psychological responses during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic among Chinese police officers in Wuhu

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Yuan ◽  
Lele Zhu ◽  
Fangfang Chen ◽  
Qian Cheng ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Response ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused serious threats to people’s health and lives. The police officers are bravely fighting on the front lines of the epidemic. Our study is the first survey of psychological response in the police officers of China during the tumultuous time of the COVID − 19 outbreak. Methods A cross-sectional online questionnaire was conducted to the police officers from 5 districts (Yijiang, Sanshan, Jiujiang, jinghu and Jingkai) and 4 counties (Wuhu, Nanling,Fanchang and Wuwei) of Wuhu City through Wechat, and the data were collected between 10 and 26 March 2020. A total of 3561 questionnaires were received in the study, of which 3517 were considered valid. The questionnaires included the demographic information and psychological survey. The depression scale of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) were employed to assess depression and anxiety, respectively. Results The mean depression score of the participants was 4.10 ± 4.87 (0 ~ 27). 12.17% of the police officers had moderate to severe depression. The mean anxiety score of the participants was 3.59 ± 4.228 (0 ~ 21). 8.79% the police officers had moderate to severe anxiety. The participants of senior high school or below and academy had lower depression and anxiety scores than these of bachelor or above, respectively. The police officers Unmarried had lower anxiety scores than married. The different location and police classification were associated with the different degree of depression and anxiety. The participants who did not take sleeping pills had lower depression and anxiety scores than those who took sleeping pills. The depression scores of the police officers were strongly correlated with their anxiety scores of the police officers. Conclusion The police officers have different levels of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhu. We should call for attention to the psychological response of police officers during the epidemic, and provide them with corresponding help and follow-up.

scholarly journals Does Perceived Stress Differ According to n-3 Fatty Acid Consumption in Undergraduate Students? (P18-041-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Porter ◽  
Nicole Karazurna ◽  
Jesse Stabile Morrell ◽  
Sherman Bigornia
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Objectives Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) have been shown to have a beneficial effect on stress. As college students experience high levels of stress, our objectives were to quantify the relationship of n-3 FAs and fish consumption with perceived stress (PS) in undergraduate students (age 18–24) at a public New England university. Methods Data are from the College Health & Nutrition Assessment Survey, an ongoing cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 2012 - 2017 (68% women, age 18.8 years). Complete data were available on 2477 participants. Diet was assessed by three-day food records; n-3 FA intake was expressed as % of total energy and categorized by quartile. Participants self-reported intake of fish as servings per week over the past 30 days. Fish intake was categorized as <2 or ≥2 servings/week. PS was assessed via 10-item, online PS Scale questionnaire (PSS-10). Possible scores range from 0–40, with higher scores indicating more stress (mean 15.8 ± 6.7). Mean differences between n-3 FA intake and PS were analyzed using ANCOVA. Confounders included sex; BMI; academic year; semester; physical activity level; 1st generation student; hours of sleep; presence of disability; current smoker; total energy; and n-6 FAs, sugar, vegetable, sodium, and alcohol intake. Results Mean intake of n-3 FA was 0.44 ± 0.21% and 38% consumed ≥ 2 servings of fish/week. Mean PSS-10 by n-3 FA quartile was 15.5 ± 0.3; 15.9 ± 0.3; 16.0 ± 0.3; 15.0 ± 0.3. No significant differences were observed in the sex and energy adjusted model. There was a trend towards significance between Q3 and Q4 (P = 0.08) in the fully adjusted model. In addition, the PSS-10 score was not significantly different between those consuming ≥2 vs <2 servings of fish/week in minimally or fully-adjusted models. Excluding those reporting fish oil supplement use (1.8%) did not alter our results. Conclusions We observed null associations of n-3 FA and fish intake with PSS-10 score among college students. Longitudinal studies in this population are needed to clarify the long-term associations. Funding Sources The New Hampshire Agriculture Experiment Station and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project 1010738.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between psychotic and depressive symptoms in depressed adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Kehinde ◽  
◽  
Aamena Valiji Bharmal ◽  
Ian M. Goodyer ◽  
Raphael Kelvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
Subclinical Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
Clear Support

AbstractAdults with major depressive disorder (MDD) with psychotic features (delusions and/or hallucinations) have more severe symptoms and a worse prognosis. Subclinical psychotic symptoms are more common in adolescents than adults. However, the effects of psychotic symptoms on outcome of depressive symptoms have not been well studied in adolescents. Depressed adolescents aged 11–17 with and without psychotic symptoms were compared on depression severity scores at baseline and at 28- or 42-week follow-up in two large UK cohorts. Psychotic symptoms were weakly associated with more severe depression at baseline in both cohorts. At follow-up, baseline psychotic symptoms were only associated with depressive symptoms in one sample; in the other, the effect size was close to zero. This supports the DSM5 system of psychotic symptoms being a separate code to severity rather than the ICD10 system which only allows the diagnosis of psychotic depression with severe depression. There was no clear support for psychotic symptoms being a baseline marker of treatment response.

College Students’ Reasons for Using JUULs

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712199229
Author(s):  
Kyra V. Newcombe ◽  
Page D. Dobbs ◽  
Julia S. Oehlers ◽  
Chris M. Dunlap ◽  
Marshall K. Cheney
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Us ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Cross ◽  
Use Factors

Purpose: To identify reasons that college students use JUUL and explore associations between reasons for using JUUL and social and behavioral (tobacco use) factors. Design: On-line, cross-sectional survey. Setting: Large southwestern university in the US. Subjects: Undergraduate students (n = 605) who owned JUUL and used it weekly. Measures: The study measured age of JUUL initiation, JUUL dependence, and use of other e-cigarettes and other tobacco products. Participants described reasons for JUUL use as brief open-ended responses. Analysis: Responses were categorized by 2 researchers using an inductive procedure. Logistic regressions examined associations between demographics and use frequency and categorized reasons for using JUUL. Results: Four reasons for using JUUL emerged: self-help (48.4%), social (30.4%), experience (42.8%), and substance use/addiction (42.3%). Daily JUUL users were 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05-2.63) times as likely to use JUUL for self-help than those who used JUUL 1-3 days/week. Those who had never tried a cigarette were twice (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.22-3.54) as likely as cigarette-first users to use JUUL for social reasons. Males (OR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.32-2.65) had higher odds of using JUUL for the experience than females, and JUUL and other e-cigarettes users were 4.37 (95% CI: 1.83-10.45) times as likely as JUUL-only users to use JUUL due to substance use/addiction. Conclusion: JUUL users report unique reasons for use (e.g., addiction) not previously reported for older models of e-cigarette devices.

scholarly journals Avaliação do desenvolvimento das competências gerais em graduandos de cursos de nutrição

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Edilceia Domingues do Amaral Ravazzani ◽  
Graciele De Matia ◽  
Izabel Meister Coelho ◽  
Roberto Zonato Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Health It ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Skills ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Teaching Learning

The National Curricular Guidelines direct education to changes in the teaching-learning process, seek the appreciation of training when they establish in their structure, general and specific competences and emphasize the importance of a systematic and permanent follow-up evaluation aimed at improving graduation. The present research had the objective of evaluating the development of the general competences of undergraduate students of nutrition. An analytical study with a quantitative approach and cross-sectional method using a questionnaire, elaborated and validated by Matia and Coelho (2015) composed of 44 questions, which was applied to students and teachers, from four educational institutions, through the Google forms Software. For the descriptive analysis of the data, we used measures of central tendency and measures of variability and the tests Mann Whitney, Tukey and Test-t, with level of significance of p <0.05, realized through Free software R version 3.1.1. A total of 210 answers were obtained, of which 110 were students of both sexes and 100 of teachers. The mean age of students was 24.66 ± 7.41 years. The sample consisted of a predominance of female participants (87.3%). In the view of the teachers, the evaluated students seem to be developing more competences and abilities of Management in health and Education in health and in the vision of the students there was small emphasis only in Education in health. It is concluded that the students of the courses of nutrition involved in the research, are not developing the general skills necessary for the training, pointed out in the guidelines, in its entirety.

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