scholarly journals Constructing Women’s Language and Shifting Gender Identity through Intralingual Translanguaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Eriko Sato
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
First Person ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Modernization Process

Japanese has many language varieties based on users’ social attributes such as gender, age and occupation. Regardless of whether each variety represents how people actually speak, each of them has a specific set of linguistic features and a socio-psychological group identity of its users. This paper analyzes women’s language (onna kotoba) and the use of gender-sensitive first-person pronouns (e.g., (w)atashi, boku, ore, jibun) in Japanese based on the perspective of translanguaging and a multifaceted model of the theory of identity. It shows that women’s language in Japanese was constructed by deploying some of the linguistic features of multiple language varieties that have developed in different contexts while being shaped by male-dominant ideology during Japan’s modernization process. It also shows how gender-sensitive linguistic boundaries are manipulated moment by moment by language users, affecting their master, interactional, personal, and/or relational identities.

CONVERGENCE AND THE FORMATION OF AFRIKAANS

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Roberge
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Important Case ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
History Of

As a phenomenon to be explained, convergence in historical linguistics is substantively no different than in creolistics. The general idea is that accommodation by speakers of “established” languages in contact and the formation of new language varieties both involve a process of leveling of different structures that achieve the same referential and nonreferential effects. The relatively short and well-documented history of Afrikaans presents an important case study in the competition and selection of linguistic features during intensive language contact.

Gendered Narrative in Female War Literature: Helen Benedict’s Sand Queen

Hawwa ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Maryam Moosavi ◽  
Azra Ghandeharion ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Ghorban Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
War Literature ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
First Person ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
Military Institutions

AbstractUS novelist and journalist Helen Benedict’s 2011 fictional work Sand Queen, the first novel about the Iraq War (2003–11) written by a woman, has great potential for feminist approaches, especially regarding its use of gender-identity models. Through her positioning of the narrators, her multiple narratives, and the linguistic elements in this work, Benedict has created a unique artistic structure that has broad implications for the study of narrative, the themes of war, displacement, and trauma, and cross-cultural understanding. The current study examines Benedict’s work to demonstrate her gender-conscious view of war in her depiction of US soldier Kate Brady and Iraqi medical student and interpreter Naema Jassim as the central consciousnesses through which the narrative is told. Taking advantage of third-wave feminist approaches to gender, the study discovers diverse perspectives and distinctive viewpoints on the concept of gender identity. Offered by the novel’s first-person character-narrators, these viewpoints explore the fictional universe mapped out by Benedict in the text. In the context of the Iraq War, based on models of gender identity interspersed throughout the narrative, the study reveals how the challenges and/or reaffirmations of normative gender ideologies dominated patriarchal systems of military institutions.

Sinitic as a typological sandwich: revisiting the notions of Altaicization and Taicization

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Yiu Szeto ◽  
Chingduang Yurayong
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Grammatical Variation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Typological Variation ◽  
Sinitic Languages

Abstract Decades of works dedicated to the description of (previously) lesser-known Sinitic languages have effectively dispelled the common myth that these languages share a single “universal Chinese grammar”. Yet, the underlying cause of their grammatical variation is still a matter for debate. This paper focuses on typological variation across Sinitic varieties. Through comparing the typological profiles of various Sinitic languages with those of their Altaic and Mainland Southeast Asian (MSEA) neighbors, we discuss to what extent the variation within the Sinitic branch can be attributed to areal diffusion. Taking into account over 360 language varieties of seven different genetic affiliations (Sinitic, Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Hmong-Mien, Tai-Kadai, Austroasiatic) and 30 linguistic features, we conduct a typological survey with the aid of the phylogenetic program NeighborNet. Our results suggest that convergence towards their non-Sinitic neighbors has likely played a pivotal role in the typological diversity of Sinitic languages. Based primarily on their degree of Altaic/MSEA influence, the Sinitic varieties in our database are classified into four areal groups, namely 1) Northern, 2) Transitional, 3) Central Southeastern, 4) Far Southern. This classification scheme reflects the intricate interplay between areal convergence, regional innovations, and retention of archaic features.

scholarly journals ‘Is it always so fast?’

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Tian Zhang ◽  
Daniel Cassany
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Chinese Translation ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Video Sharing ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Japan And China

Abstract While much research has proved the benefits of subtitled audiovisuals for foreign language learning, few studies address such practices in out-of-classroom settings or focus on Asia-based video-sharing platforms. This study bridges this gap by introducing an increasingly popular viewing-commenting system in Japan and China, known as danmu or danmaku, which displays viewers’ timeline-synchronized comments on video content. We analyse the metalinguistic comments which entail viewers’ knowledge of the language, their comprehension issues and sociolinguistic attitudes toward its use. Adopting an inductive or data-driven methodology, we extracted and manually coded 390 comments that are related to the Spanish language, Spanish–Chinese translation and learning Spanish. Results show that viewers are mostly interested in linguistic features that differ from Chinese or English (e.g. the complex grammar) and they use danmu to access sociolinguistic issues that are central to daily communication such as the fast speech rate, language varieties, and frequent use of vulgarisms.

Marine engineering and sub-disciplinary variations: a rhetorical analysis of research article abstracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-363
Author(s):  
Ju Chuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
First Person ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Rhetorical Structure ◽  
Electronic Engineering ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Marine Engineering ◽  
Verb Tense

Abstract This study explores the rhetorical structure and linguistic features of research article abstracts in an applied discipline. Recently, many emerging applied disciplines have evolved to incorporate knowledge from a variety of disciplinary areas. Therefore, the writing style may vary within one discipline. While most studies have compared rhetorical variations between disciplines, few have examined sub-disciplinary variations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which variations exist among research article abstracts in three sub-fields of one applied discipline: marine engineering. A small specific corpus consisting of 60 marine engineering abstracts was compiled. By examining similarities and differences in the rhetorical structure, frequently used verbs, tense, and the use of first person pronouns, the analysis showed that sub-disciplinary variations existed among the three sub-fields. For example, the abstracts in the sub-field of automatic control (a discipline closely related to electronic engineering) differ from the abstracts of the other two sub-fields as for rhetorical structure, verb tense, and frequency of use of first-person pronouns. The findings of this study indicate that English for Specific Purposes (ESP) instructors should take into account sub-disciplinary preferences when teaching academic writing so that students can make informed choices when writing in their specific sub-field.

scholarly journals Wie 'Haar' zu 'Maus' wird: Geschlechtsbezogene pronominale Referenz im Thailändischen

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Korakoch Attaviriyanupap
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
First Person ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Thai Language ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Pronominal Reference ◽  
Self Reference ◽  
Selection Of

The use of gender-related personal pronouns is mostly found in different forms of third person singular (e. g. he/she/it in English or er/sie/es in German). In Thai, an isolate language without grammatical gender, the gender-specification can be observed in the use of first person singular pronominal reference. The selection of gender-related self-reference depends not only on sex but also on gender identity of the speaker. In this article, the complex system of pronominal reference in Thai language will be briefly introduced. After that, forms of self-reference used in the Thai film Iron Ladies are analyzed to show how the gender identity of speakers can influence their selection of pronominal reference.

scholarly journals The varieties of the modern Udmurt language

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (62) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Edygarova
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
The Third

The present paper classifies and describes the main linguistic varieties of the modern Udmurt language across the community of speakers and gives some examples of their linguistic specificities. The study takes a particular look at the vernacular and standard language varieties. The first section defines the main terms and notions that are employed in the article. In the second part, the sources of the study including the empirical data are briefly described. The third section is devoted to the description of the linguistic features of the main varieties. The last part consists of a conclusion.

Introduction

Pragmatics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Kyratzis ◽  
Jennifer F. Reynolds ◽  
Ann-Carita Evaldsson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Language ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Play Interactions

The five articles in this issue examine how children, in naturally occurring school and neighborhood peer and sibling-kin groups across a variety of cultures and societies, socialize one another to do heteroglossia, drawing upon a diverse repertoire of linguistic and discursive forms in their everyday cultural practices. Through the use of ethnographic techniques for recording natural conversations, they demonstrate how children, in their peer play interactions, make use of and juxtapose multiple linguistic and cultural resources at their disposal in linguistically diverse and stratified settings. The analyses provide detailed insights into children’s heteroglossic verbal practices (Bakhtin 1981, 1986), that is, their use and differentiation of multiple codes and registers in the creation and negotiation of social distinctions. Bakhtin’s concept of heteroglossia addresses the dialogic relationship between multiple and sometimes conflicting codes or registers and the larger socio-political and socio-historical meanings that are negotiated through those linguistic forms. In particular, the concept refers to tensions between the multiplicities of language varieties within a national language, which are drawing it towards a standard central version, and those that are moving away from national standards through hybrid linguistic forms of official and unofficial languages. Research on heteroglossia entails an examination of how speakers indexically hail socio-historical tensions and contradictions in situated instances of language use that result in the regimentation of codes and associated notions of collective membership and personhood (Blommaert & Verschueren 1998; Hill & Hill 1986; Kroskrity 2000; Pujolar 2001; Schieffelin 1994; Silverstein 2003; Woolard 1998, 1999). Bailey (2007) recently remarked that much of the sociolinguistic and discourse analytic work on code-switching and other so-called syncretistic discourse practices are productively reinterpreted through the prism of heteroglossia, which attends equally to monolingual and multilingual forms. The perspective of heteroglossia allows the analyst to focus on alternations of officially authorized codes and languages, without neglecting “the diversity of socially indexical linguistic features within codes” (Bailey 2007: 268). As will be demonstrated in the articles, the concept of heteroglossia provides a conceptual framework that draws from diverse traditions that address different social and temporal scales while simultaneously attending to the indexical and meta-pragmatic properties of language.

Suicidal Traits in Marilyn Monroe’s Fragments

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fernández-Cabana ◽  
A. García-Caballero ◽  
M. T. Alves-Pérez ◽  
M. J. García-García ◽  
R. Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
First Person ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Emotion Words ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
Linguistic Categories

Background: Linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC), a computerized method for text analysis, is often used to examine suicide writings in order to characterize the quantitative linguistic features of suicidal texts. Aims: To analyze texts compiled in Marilyn Monroe’s Fragments using LIWC, in order to explore the use of different linguistic categories in her narrative over the years. Method: Selected texts were grouped into four periods of similar word count and processed with LIWC. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess changes in language use across the documents over time. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare means between periods and for each of the 80 LIWC output scores. Results: Significant differences (p < .05) were found in 11 categories, the most relevant being a progressive decrease in the use of negative emotion words, a reduction in the use of long words in the third period, and an increase in the proportion of personal pronouns used as Monroe approached the time of her death. Conclusions: The consistently elevated usage of first-person personal singular pronouns and the consistently diminished usage of first-person personal plural pronouns are in line with previous studies linking this pattern with a low level of social integration, which has been related to suicide according to different theories.

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