scholarly journals A Lexicographic Description of the Concept “Anger”

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Y.V. Yarovikova
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
Further Development

The paper seeks to outline the content of the concept “anger” as it is represented both in print and online lexicographic resources. The study is based upon the data gained directly from mono- and bilingual thesauruses, dictionaries of etymology, phraseology and idioms. The subject of the study is the semantic structure of the lexeme “anger” that names the corresponding concept in the English language. Etymological, definitional and contextual analyses revealed the lexeme’s diachronic transformations that underlie its semantics in Modern English. The data obtained in the analyses also contributed to identifying a wide range of usual cognitive characteristics that constitute the notional component of the concept. The choice of this issue is determined primarily by linguists’ continuing interest in representing a person’s interior by language means. The findings of the study make a contribution to the further development of issues relating to the linguistic expression of the human inner world in Modern Germanic languages from linguocognitive and anthropological perspectives.

scholarly journals The problem of human tragedy in the genre of science fiction (on the example of R. Bradbury’s works "Tomorrow's Child" and "The Veldt")

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
O. M. Byndas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
English Language ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fantastic Fiction ◽  
The Future ◽  
Absolute Dependence ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

This article deals with the problem of relationships among people in the future, which are based not on respect and understanding of each other's value, but on absolute dependence on technical progress. The purpose of this work is to highlight the problem of humanity’s tragedy in the genre of science fiction, using the example of Ray Bradbury’s works „Tomorrow's Child” and „The Veldt”. Firstly, it is noted that the difference and, accordingly, the problem begins immediately with terminology, because there is no single stable definition of the term „fantasy” (as a generic phenomenon) in English-language science. The options offered by scientists are speculative fiction, fantastic fiction, fantasy literature. The author notes that science fiction (Sci-Fi) describes many different super important problems of the human society: technological progress, information wars, the desire of people to be immortal, powerful, rich, possessing the Universe. In fact, the tragedy of humanity begins from these desires. However, R. Bradbury’s works „Tomorrow's Child” and „The Veldt” have a wide range of topics, affecting aesthetic, intellectual, moral and scientific problems. In addition, the science fiction writer reveals his special interest in the inner world of the child. In the mentioned-above stories, the idea of the coexistence of people and the techno world is traced, which leads to a tragic situation. Covering the problem of humanity’s tragedy in the future, described back in the distant 1950s, R. Bradbury aims to present another idea of the future, he describes, at the same time, possible threats to us, and shows what significant consequences this can lead to.

scholarly journals THE RETROSPECTIVE OF THE PHONOSEMANTISM FORMATION AND PHONOSEMANTIC REALITIES IN ENGLISH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Tetiana Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Object Perception ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
Human Thinking

The scientific search for phonosemantic realities, carried out in modern promising areas of linguistic research, contributes to the determination of language cognitive capabilities. In the study of language, linguists actively use new principles, which require integration from different sciences to understand language carrier and diverse aspects of the human thinking process, to extensively analyse a wide range of language functions, and to profoundly explain linguistic phenomena. Phonosemantics is now a certain linguistic branch of psycholinguistics, which has gone through several stages of its formation. In practice, its foundation and principles have become the cornerstone of linguistic reasoned searches for the connection between sound and meaning in a multi-genre discourse. There are two approaches to the study of phonosemantism. Researchers' experiments confirm the existence of primary or elementary phonosemantism, showing the dependence of symbolic meaning on the acoustic-articulatory characteristics of sound. Secondary sound-symbolism arises as a result of the speaker's desire to reveal the correlation between the sonority of a word, develops in accordance with the phonetic laws of a particular language and its meaning. Both points of view need to be analyzed only in conjunction, since secondary, or contextually, phonosymbolism is possible due to the existence of the so-called primary, or elementary phonosymbolism. This phenomenon is due to the ability of the human brain to establish an associative relationship between sound and meaning, between objectivity and polymodality of human perception. Experiments have shown that the subject image is polymodal. The polymodal nature of object perception, in turn, presupposes the emergence of auditory images based on the action of only visual stimuli, and vice versa: visual images are born on the basis of auditory stimuli. The results of this study are well-argued evidence of the constancy of the associative meanings of the phonemes of the modern English language.

scholarly journals Semantic Originality of the Nest *MORK- in Russian Dialects

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
N. V. Galinova
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Points ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Semantic Space ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Complete Darkness ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Russian North ◽  
The Subject

The article analyzes the semantic structure of the nest * mork - ‘flicker’ in Russian dialects. Extensive lexical material extracted from dialect dictionaries, as well as unpublished card indexes containing materials from field collections of the Toponymic expedition of Ural University (Russian North and Upper Volga Region). A hypothesis is proposed and proved that the values of the * mork - continuants turn out to be related to different stages of flickering, which is a return movement, when either one of the extreme points (darkness or light) comes to the fore, or the intermediate stage is actualized - movement from light to complete darkness and vice versa. A thematic and motivational classification of dialect vocabulary is carried out, during which two main semantic blocks are distinguished: “Nature” and “Man” (there is a third block - “The subject world” - but it is extremely small and contains values derived from the sphere “Man”). It is emphasized that the first block implements primarily meteorological semantics, while the second one shows a wide range of meanings (behavioral, communicative, perceptual, related to the field of physiology, mental, intellectual activity, etc.). Contamination processes are analyzed, the actants of which become elements of the nest being studied (during attraction to the extensions of mor -, smorod -, morsh -, etc.). An explanation of the phenomenon of enantiosemia observed in the semantic space of the studied nest is proposed.

Paper 18: Emission Control by Carburation

1968 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Development Work ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Proposition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
Induced Charge ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Made In

This paper presents basic data and information relating to the experience gained from further development work associated particularly with the application of ‘CDSE’ carburettors and ‘Duplex’ manifold systems to a wide range of engines. It is intended to be read against the background of the earlier papers published on the subject (1) (2)†. No attempt has been made in this short paper to examine particular criteria in depth, especially since many of the developments are still in the experimental stages. The basic proposition presented is that intake system treatment of the induced charge is more viable commercially than alternative techniques to reduce exhaust pollutants below the legislated standards and that close limit fuel metering consistency is in any event indispensable to adequate field results, whatever system be adopted.

scholarly journals THE HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN, DISTRIBUTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE GERMANIC LANGUAGE

2017 ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
E. G. Zheleznova
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
Further Development

English is the most known and spoken language in the world. In this regard, we are interested in the history of the English language. English belongs to the largest and most widespread group of languages called Germanic languages. Germanic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by more than 500 million people across the globe. The article considers the modern Germanic languages, their distribution and classification, and their ancestors - the Germanic languages. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that Germanic languages are the ancestors of the modern Germanic languages that are native languages for most countries of Europe and South Africa. It is also possible to increase interest in the science of language as interlinguistics, and as a result, further development of linguistics as a whole. The aim of this work is to investigate the role of the Germanic languages in the history of linguistics, and also give the knowledge about phonetic and morphological features. The objectives of this article: to give a classification of modern Germanic languages, to indicate the distribution area, to highlight the phonetic and morphological features of old Germanic languages. In the paper we have used the following research methods: analysis, synthesis, and abstracting

scholarly journals Semantics and functioning of epithets for the designation of the wreath in Ukrainian calendar ritual poetry

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
Folk Poetry

Considerable attention to the study of specific Ukrainian folk oral literature, observed recently led to the need for linguistic exploration of calendar ritual songs, because they most clearly record the echoes of the past and at the same time fix the peculiar changes caused by modern civilization processes. The folk poetry epithets are a conceptually important component of the artistic structure of folk works, including calendar-ritual poetry, as they relate to all the main images depicted in the songs. In the attributive space of calendar-ritual texts, the basic features of the outlook of the people are coded, as well as the meanings necessary for understanding the reconstruction of the mythological model of the Ukrainian world. Wreath is a ritual object that appears in all calendar ritual genres and has a wide range of epithets. It is determined that the names of plants are the most productive attributives for the designation of the wreath. This is due to the ritual practice of making wreaths from certain plants, endowed with symbolic semantics. Instead, epithets related to the names of jewels and express the idea of value are later in origin. It is observed that among the analyzed attributives, those whose have the positive evaluative component in the semantic structure are predominant. This is due to pragmatic studied texts, the purpose of ritual practices, mainly to the preservation, enhancement and production of important and useful things for person, and an overall positive reflection of the symbol of the wreath in the folk tradition. Attention is drawn to rarely used, but symbolically spacious epithets, the analysis of which contributes to the conceptualization of individual fragments of the world's mythological model. Consequently, the epithet characteristic of the wreath as a ritual object depends on the subject of the text, the speaker's orientation on the appropriate speech strategy to achieve the desired goal, as well as on the peculiarities of the mythopoetic model of the world. Epithets of the autumn-winter cycle are mostly secondary, transposed both from texts of spring-summer songs, and borrowed from the wedding ritualism of Ukrainians.

Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

Typologization of security regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Denis Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Procedural Understanding ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Understanding

The purpose of the article is to typologize terminological definitions of security, to find out the general, to identify the originality of their interpretations depending on the subject of legal regulation. The methodological basis of the study is the methods that made it possible to obtain valid conclusions, in particular, the method of comparison, through which it became possible to correlate different interpretations of the term "security"; method of hermeneutics, which allowed to elaborate texts of normative legal acts of Ukraine, method of typologization, which made it possible to create typologization groups of variants of understanding of the term "security". Scientific novelty. The article analyzes the understanding of the term "security" in various regulatory acts in force in Ukraine. Typological groups were understood to understand the term "security". Conclusions. The analysis of the legal material makes it possible to confirm that the issues of security are within the scope of both legislative regulation and various specialized by-laws. However, today there is no single conception on how to interpret security terminology. This is due both to the wide range of social relations that are the subject of legal regulation and to the relativity of the notion of security itself and the lack of coherence of views on its definition in legal acts and in the scientific literature. The multiplicity of definitions is explained by combinations of material and procedural understanding, static - dynamic, and conditioned by the peculiarities of a particular branch of legal regulation, limited ability to use methods of one or another branch, the inter-branch nature of some variations of security, etc. Separation, common and different in the definition of "security" can be used to further standardize, in fact, the regulatory legal understanding of security to more effectively implement the legal regulation of the security direction.

History of the Study of Apocrypha in Early Medieval England

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Early Judaism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early English

Literature written in England between about 500 and 1100 CE attests to a wide range of traditions, although it is clear that Christian sources were the most influential. Biblical apocrypha feature prominently across this corpus of literature, as early English authors clearly relied on a range of extra-biblical texts and traditions related to works under the umbrella of what have been called “Old Testament Pseudepigrapha” and “New Testament/Christian Apocrypha." While scholars of pseudepigrapha and apocrypha have long trained their eyes upon literature from the first few centuries of early Judaism and early Christianity, the medieval period has much to offer. This article presents a survey of significant developments and key threads in the history of scholarship on apocrypha in early medieval England. My purpose is not to offer a comprehensive bibliography, but to highlight major studies that have focused on the transmission of specific apocrypha, contributed to knowledge about medieval uses of apocrypha, and shaped the field from the nineteenth century up to the present. Bringing together major publications on the subject presents a striking picture of the state of the field as well as future directions.

Museum Preserves in the Sphere of “Cultural Tourism”: Through the Example of the Cultural Preserves of Tatarstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Lyudmila S. Timofeeva ◽  
Albina R. Akhmetova ◽  
Liliya R. Galimzyanova ◽  
Roman R. Nizaev ◽  
Svetlana E. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourist Center ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract The article studies the existence experience of historical cities as centers of tourism development as in the case of Elabuga. The city of Elabuga is among the historical cities of Russia. The major role in the development of the city as a tourist center is played by the Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve. The object of the research in the article is Elabuga as a medium-size historical city. The subject of the research is the activity of the museum-reserve which contributes to the preservation and development of the historical look of Elabuga and increases its attractiveness to tourists. The tourism attractiveness of Elabuga is obtained primarily through the presence of the perfectly preserved historical center of the city with the blocks of integral buildings of the 19th century. The Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve, which emerged in 1989, is currently an object of historical and cultural heritage of federal importance. Museum-reserves with their significant territories and rich historical, cultural and natural heritage have unique resources for the implementation of large partnership projects. Such projects are not only aimed at attracting a wide range of tourists, but also stimulate interest in the reserve from the business elite, municipal and regional authorities. The most famous example is the Spasskaya Fair which revived in 2008 in Elabuga. It was held in the city since the second half of the 19th century, and was widely known throughout Russia. The process of the revival and successful development of the fair can be viewed as the creation of a special tourist event contributing to the formation of new and currently important tourism products.

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