scholarly journals Features of Time Perspective of Gifted Adolescents and their Peers

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Kondratyev
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Future ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Gifted Adolescents

The article presents data from a study of features of time perspective of gifted adolescents and their coevals. The study involved 274 adolescent. To study the features of the time perspective of personality were chosen questionnaire time perspective Zimbardo (ZTPI), as well as processed according to the method of motivational induction J.Nuttin questionnaires with incomplete sentences and writings of the study participants. During the statistical processing of the data, it was found that gifted adolescents characterized by the following features: relatively high scores by type of temporal orientation "negative past" and "future". For a time the future prospects are characterized by: a relatively high frequency of references to objects motivational groups "Work", "Knowledge" (near-term); "Development", "Work" (long term). The length of the prospects for the future in a group of gifted adolescents is higher than the peer group. The study results will be useful for psychologists practitioners in working with adolescents.

The Future of Order

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-244
Author(s):  
Kyle M. Lascurettes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Order ◽  
First Century ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Near Term

Chapter 9 (“The Future of Order”) reviews the empirical findings of the book and discusses their implications for the study of international relations. It then leverages these findings to address the two most important questions for international order in the twenty-first century: In the near term, what changes to the existing liberal order will the United States advocate as it continues to decline in relative power? And in the long term, what is its projected hegemonic successor, China, likely to do with the existing order when it finds itself in a position to fundamentally recast its underlying principles?

THINKING ABOUT THE FUTURE: A PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 889-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Tonn ◽  
Fred Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
Near Term

In this paper, the relationships between three endogenous variables – thinking about, worrying about, and imagining the future – and the relationships between these variables and a rich set of exogenous variables were explored. Data were collected via a web-based survey using a sample of convenience; 572 individuals from 24 different countries completed the survey. The results suggest that respondents think about the near-term future frequently and about the long-term future not at all frequently. Additionally, individuals who are better able to imagine the future think about the future more than those who cannot imagine the future well. Those who worry more about the future tend to think more about the future than those who do not. Older individuals think about the future less than younger individuals even though age is not correlated with worrying about or imagining the future. Christians think more about the future than others although they also tend to worry less about the future. Secularists are less able to imagine the future. Individuals who are worried about major issues like global warming tend to think more about the future. The results suggest that training individuals to better imagine potential futures could give them more confidence to think more and worry less about their futures.

What matters for the future? Comparing Globe's future orientation with Hofstede's long-term orientation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Future Orientation ◽  
Cash Holdings ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to compare the future orientation (FO) society practices dimension of the Globe model with Hofstede's long-term orientation (LTO) by testing their causal effects on three firm-level variables: cash holdings, long-term investments and acquisitions. In doing so, this research challenges the already taken-for-granted assumption in the empirical research that the two dimensions are equivalent.Design/methodology/approachHierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to test the hypotheses on 7,065 firms across 49 countries between 2000 and 2017.FindingsThe findings show that the causal impacts of FO society practices and LTO on a given construct are not consistent. Although LTO increases cash holdings, the impact of FO society practices on this variable is insignificant. Additionally, unlike FO society practices, which significantly increases long-term investments and acquisitions, LTO does not influence long-term investments and decreases acquisitions.Originality/valueThis study is valuable since it addresses the confusion surrounding the similarities and differences between FO society practices and LTO. Despite the dissimilarity also emphasized by Globe, Hofstede claims that they are equivalent, and the great majority of the empirical literature has assumed them to be equivalent in their analyses. Addressing this confusion, this research provides further empirical evidence that these two dimensions are dissimilar. The additional important contribution of the study is theorizing and examining the impact of FO society practices and LTO on the firm-level outcomes that reflect their temporal orientation (i.e. long-term investments and acquisitions), which is surprisingly neglected in the literature.

scholarly journals Section III, Division 5: Development and Future Directions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Morton ◽  
R. I. Jetter ◽  
James E. Nestell ◽  
T. D. Burchell ◽  
T.-L. (Sam) Sham
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Made In

This paper provides commentary on a new division under Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code. This new Division 5 has an issuance date of November 1, 2011 and is part of the 2011 Addenda to the 2010 Edition of the BPV Code. The new Division covers the rules for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of components for high temperature nuclear reactors. Information is provided on the scope and need for Division 5, the structure of Division 5, where the rules originated, the various changes made in finalizing Division 5, and the future near-term and long-term expectations for Division 5 development. Portions of this paper were based on Chapter 17 of the Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Fourth Edition, © ASME, 2012, Reference [1].

Motivation and Future Temporal Orientation: A Test of the Self-Handicapping Hypothesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1070-1072
Author(s):  
C. J. Lennings
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
The Self ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Future Time ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Outcome

Self-handicapping motivation refers to the likelihood a person will project personal ambition into the future, make a pessimistic judgement, and then mobilise effort in the present to avoid an anticipated negative outcome. It should, therefore, be a correlate of future time perspective. This study showed for a sample of 120 first-year students that, whilst future time perspective did strongly predict scores on a measure of self-handicapping motivation, neither variable was a useful predictor of outcome.

Rebuilding Life after Burn Injuries in Korea: Using Photovoice

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-922
Author(s):  
Kyung Mee Kim ◽  
Mi So Ban
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Social Oppression ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Burn Survivors ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Time Away

Abstract This study analyzed life after injury for burn survivors using the photovoice research method. Study participants were six burn survivors who lived in the community after being discharged from the hospital. These six participants engaged in a series of photovoice workshops and activities that took place over a period of 4 months. The study results were as follows: burn survivors were able to achieve a positive body image during their physical recovery. They overcame many psychological difficulties that accompanied their burn injuries. Their attitudes toward their lives changed positively. The greatest influence in bringing out these changes was support from family, friends, and other burn survivors. They were better able to fight against social oppression with their recovered self-esteem. The participants had experienced a disconnect from the activities and interpersonal relationships they had prior to their injury owing to long-term hospital stays and time away from work. However, as they began new social activities, they were able to establish new interpersonal relationships. Based on the research results, this study suggests that medical, psychological, and social approaches as well as positive changes in social attitude are necessary to support burn survivors’ recovery.

scholarly journals THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-140
Author(s):  
Т.А. Нестик
Keyword(s):  
Durable Goods ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
Psychological Types ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

Представлен анализ долгосрочной ориентации как социально-психологического феномена. Рассматриваются различные подходы к ее изучению в кросс-культурной психологии, нейронауках, экономической и организационной психологии. Долгосрочную ориентацию предлагается рассматривать как многомерный феномен, включающий ценностно-мотивационные (ориентацию на отложенное вознаграждение и выраженность дисконтирования будущего, ценность преемственности, устойчивых к времени достижений и следа в истории, ценность непрерывного саморазвития, ценность прогнозирования будущего, ценность долгосрочного целеполагания и планирования, ценность долгосрочных отношений, ответственность перед будущими поколениями), когнитивные (протяженность временной перспективы, горизонт планирования, убеждение в возможности влиять на отдаленное будущее и прогнозировать его, убеждение в том, что затраченные усилия будут вознаграждены в будущем), аффективные (удовольствие от фантазирования в отношении долгосрочного будущего, интерес к долгосрочным прогнозам, оптимизм в отношении долгосрочного будущего) и поведенческие компоненты (постановку долгосрочных целей, ориентацию на учет долгосрочных последствий, поиск информации о долгосрочном будущем, готовность обсуждать его с друзьями и коллегами, ориентацию на приобретение товаров длительного пользования). Анализируются социальные и психологические предпосылки долгосрочной ориентации и ее психологические функции, а также ее возможные социально-психологические типы. Намечены перспективы дальнейших исследований в данной области. The article presents an analysis of long-term orientation as a socio-psychological phenomenon. Various approaches to the study of long-term orientation in cross-cultural psychology, neurosciences, economic and organizational psychology are considered. Long-term orientation is proposed to be considered as a multidimensional phenomenon, including different components: motivational (orientation to delayed gratification, future discounting, the value of continuity, time-stable achievements and a trace in history, the value of continuous self-development, the value of predicting the future, the value of long-term goal-setting and planning, the value of long-term relations, responsibility to future generations), cognitive (time perspective extension, planning horizon, belief in the ability to influence the distant future and to predict it, belief that the efforts expended will be rewarded in the future), affective (pleasure from fantasizing about the long-term future , interest in long-term forecasts, optimism about the long-term future) and behavioral components (setting long-term goals, focusing on taking into account long-term consequences, searching for information about the long-term future, readiness to discuss it with friends and colleagues, focus on purchasing durable goods). The social and psychological prerequisites for long-term orientation and its psychological functions, as well as its possible socio-psychological types are analyzed. Prospects for further research in this area are outlined.

Future Time Perspective and Real-Life Utterances About the Future in Young and Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Brianza ◽  
Burcu Demiray
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
Future Time ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Future time perspective (FTP) refers to an individual’s global perception of the future. It has been found to be positively related to life satisfaction. FTP is traditionally assessed via self-report, but recently a few studies have used observable behaviors for assessing FTP. We focused on two real-life behaviors (frequency and qualities of talking about the personal future) and explored whether they could be used as behavior-based measures of FTP. We examined the association between these behaviors and self-reported FTP, and their relationships with life satisfaction. The sample included 55 young (aged 18–31) and 47 older adults (aged 62–83) who completed questionnaires on future time perspective and life satisfaction. Over 4 days, participants carried an electronically activated recorder, which randomly captured 30-second sound snippets from their daily lives – a total of 30,656 sound snippets were collected. Participants’ utterances were coded for temporal orientation. Linguistic inquiry word count was used to analyze the qualities of future-oriented utterances. Structural equation models showed that self-reported FTP was not associated with the two real-life behaviors. It was positively associated with life satisfaction for the whole sample. The frequency of future-oriented utterances and family-related words were positively related to young adults’ life satisfaction. Achievement-related words were positively related to older adults’ life satisfaction.

Delay Discounting in Impulsive Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Moreira ◽  
Fernando Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Future

Abstract. Delay discounting (DD) is the process of devaluing results that happen in the future. With this review, we intend to identify specificities in the processes of DD in impulsive behavior. Studies were retrieved from multiple literature databases, through rigorous criteria (we included systematic reviews and empirical studies with adult human subjects), following the procedures of the Cochrane Collaboration initiative. Of the 174 documents obtained, 19 were considered eligible for inclusion and were retained for in-depth analysis. In addition, 13 studies from the manual search were included. Thus, a total of 32 studies were selected for review. The objectives/hypotheses, results, and the main conclusion(s) were extracted from each study. Results show that people with pronounced traits of impulsivity discount rewards more markedly, that is, they prefer immediate rewards, though of less value, or postponed losses, even though they worsen in the future. Taken together, the existing data suggest the importance of inserting DD as a tool for initial assessment in conjunction with measures of addiction and stress level, as well as the consideration of new therapies.

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