Differences of Opinion: The Debate on Thai Theravāda Bhikkhunīs

This paper attempted to summarize the findings regarding the question about the acceptance of Theravāda bhikkhunīs in Thai society across different sections of the Thai population. The statistics approach to this research article and questionnaire sample is cross-sectional data from April 20 to May 12, 2017. Interviews and group discussions have also been utilized as a method to facilitate an open-conversation atmosphere to get our subjects speaking. Nevertheless, since the questionnaire method is anonymous, our subjects feel more at ease to express their opinions regarding the Theravāda bhikkhunī ordination debate in Thailand. Thus, it is hoped that this paper provide a better comprehension of how the Thai people perceive the role of Theravāda bhikkhunī in Thai Buddhist culture and the possibilities for their recognition in the future. Moreover, it is hoped that this research will reveal how the Thai Theravāda bhikkhunīs perceive themselves in their role inside the fourfold assembly consisting of bhikkhus, bhikkhunīs, lay men, and lay women in propagating the Gotama Buddha’s teachings.

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THE ROLE OF THAI PEOPLE IN VIETNAM – LAO TRADITIONAL FRIENDSHIP

Tạp chí Nghiên cứu dân tộc ◽

10.25073/0866-773x/393 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pham Van Loi

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Group ◽

Border Crossing ◽

The Past ◽

The Future ◽

Thai People ◽

Northwest Region ◽

Coherent Relationship ◽

National Borders

Vietnam - Laos has more than 2,000 km of common national borders. The coherent relationship between the two nations and the inhabitants of the two countries has been formed and fostered in history and especially developed over the past 7 decades. The Thai ethnic group in Vietnam has over one million people, residing permanently, concentrated in the Northwest region, the region consists of 8 provinces, of which 4 provinces have the Vietnam-Laos border crossing. This paper focuses on clarifying the practical basis for the Thai people to play a role in the traditional Vietnam-Laos friendship and propose some solutions to promote the role of Thai in maintaining, developing the traditional friendship between Vietnam and Laos, now and in the future.

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THE ROLE OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP AND WHISTLEBLOWING INTENTIONS: MEDIATING APPARATUS OF MORAL IDENTITY

American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences ◽

10.46545/aijhass.v3i1.221 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20-32

Keyword(s):

Ethical Leadership ◽

Moral Identity ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Working Environments ◽

Research Article ◽

Unethical Practices ◽

Regression Test ◽

Ethical Leaders

Separation of strategic approaches and morals prompted various business outrages and untrustworthy practices in working environments. This encouraged researchers and practice holders to examine significance of ethical quality at work environment. In particular, the job that moral chiefs play in advancing positive representative practices is urgent. This examination article has featured the part of moral innovators in molding whistleblowing goals of their subordinates. Alongside, this exploration article has likewise researched the part of good character. An aggregate of four speculations, analyzing the immediate impact of moral initiative on moral personality and whistleblowing expectations and meditational job of good character were proposed. This exploration article embraced a period slacked research article plan and gathered data from representative friend dyads at three focuses on schedule. Number of respondents was 214; Cross-sectional technique was used for data collection. Respondents were selected from different services organizations from Multan. Data was analysed on SPSS and AMOS. Results were obtained by applying reliability test, ANOVA, Correlation test, and regression test by using PROCESS Macro. Results gained verified that the role of ethical leaders in shaping moral identity of employees as well as their whistleblowing intentions. The findings suggest that employees working under ethical leaders are inclined to stand up against malevolent and unethical practices taking place at their workplace. Thus, organizations must hire leaders with higher ethical inclinations and also train the existing leaders about importance of ethics. Moreover, this research article has highlighted multiple avenues for future research.

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Leadership in the role of motivators and creators of employees performance

Ekonomika APK ◽

10.32317/2221-1055.202105064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 319 (5) ◽

pp. 64-76

Author(s):

Vladimir Radovanovic ◽

Gordana Davidović

Keyword(s):

Leadership Style ◽

Critical Dimension ◽

Psychological Problem ◽

Business Environment ◽

Practical Significance ◽

The Future ◽

Questionnaire Method ◽

General Business ◽

Contingent Approach

The purpose of the article is to highlith a new dimension of business that takes place in completely different conditions and that is based primarily on knowledge, creativity and post-modern leadership. Radical changes, in which today's economy and its entities exist and develop, require the new ways of leadership. Hence the modern form of business articulates and gives a critical dimension of leadership, as an interaction between leaders and employees, with the intention to change it, based more on emotional and ethical assumptions than on forced active influence. The aim of the analysis is to determine the professionalism of leadership treatment of employees and what is the projection of the further trend of these relationships, given that this relationship directly affects the motivation of employees in achieving their performance. Research methods. The research was carried out using common scientific approaches and methods, in particular the empirical method.This paper analyzed the different theoretical and practical approaches to the phenomenon of leadership as a result of the changes within which today’s Serbian business and inverse role of this phenomenon occurs. Relevant employee data was collected using the questionnaire method. For the needs of the research, and based on the literature in the field of leadership and experience of the authors, a questionnaire with 40 questions was developed (this is not a standardized questionnaire model, but a personal projection). Research results. The research resulted in the confirmation of the set hypotheses that the performance of the organizations depends on the style of leadership and the characteristics of employees and that leadership is not only the management but also a psychological problem. Research novelty. Leadership in the future imposes an unwritten rule that some things will never be the same, as well as that some new forms will appear that will improve our knowledge, the systems in which we work and general business environment. New leadership will rely on the complex knowledge and innovations that come from employees. Future leaders will be those who make entrepreneurs out of their employees and who create an atmosphere of direct innovation. Serbian companies need to invest much more in the future development of leaders and managers. The research sheds light on the role and importance of leadership as a direct reflection on changes in employee behavior, motivation and increased performance. Practical significance. The results of this research can be applied in all areas of business and economy. Having in mind the contingent approach, the obtained results can be used as a basis for creating the most efficient leadership style possible. Tabl.: 6. Refs.: 20.

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The Emergence of Bukusu-Christian Rite of Initiation and its implications on Societal Value system among the Youth in Bungoma County, Kenya

Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS) ◽

10.35544/jjeoshs.v2i1.16 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Hellen Sitawa Wanyonyi

Keyword(s):

Cultural Practices ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Dropping Out ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Societal Values ◽

Christian Churches ◽

Depth Interview

Christian churches have been in existence in Bukusu land for over a hundred years and their influence on African cultural practices cannot be overemphasized. The role of traditional circumcision initiation of boys into adulthood, as practiced by various communities in Kenya has been transformational, especially in the development of positive social values such as morality. Over the years, traditional Bukusu circumcision has however failed to produce moral ‘graduates’, especially because the focus has been to instill values such as bravery, which requires encouraging boys to violence and coarse talk. This has resulted to increased sexual promiscuity among the youth, violent behavior, dropping out school prematurely, robbery et cetera. Many people in Bungoma, especially Christians, have adopted a Christian circumcision model, to provide an alternative rite of passage, which would allow for both developments of positive values and propagation of their Faith. The purpose of the research was to find out how Christian circumcision model helps to enhance positive societal values among the boys in Bungoma County. This was an ethnographic study which was cross-sectional and exploratory in nature. Qualitative methods of data collection were employed, that is, focus group discussions, in-depth interview, and observation. The central question of this study was how the Christian circumcision as practiced by Bukusu Christians enhances inculcation of values among the initiates. This study operated with three objectives: to find out how Bukusu Christian circumcision and initiation into adulthood processes are designed to inculcate positive societal values; to explore the circumcision candidates’ perspectives on the role of Christian circumcision in the development of positive societal values; to examine existing challenges which inhibit Christian circumcision initiation from successful development of positive societal values. The findings of this study revealed a relationship between the adoption of Christian circumcision, and the growing attraction to good morals and values.

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THE ROLE OF UNDEREMPLOYMENT IN TURNOVER INTENTION THROUGH JOB DEPRIVATION AND JOB STRESS: A MULTIPLE MEDIATION MECHANISM

International Journal of Business and Management Future ◽

10.46281/ijbmf.v5i1.1139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 27-37

Author(s):

Hafiza Fatima Afzal ◽

K. M. Anwarul Islam ◽

Adnan Ismail ◽

Muhammad Yasir Tahir ◽

Muhammad Zohaib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Job Stress ◽

Turnover Intention ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Jel Classification ◽

Future Research ◽

Multiple Mediation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Research Article

Mainly determination focused on examining the 'underemployment 'via exploring its relationship with 'turnover intention'. Furthermore, the other variable 'job deprivation' was analyzed as a mediator for said relationship. In addition, the moderating role of 'job stress' was also premeditated for underemployment and job deprivation. Our targeted audience for this research article was "Traffic Police Wardens" (TPW). We have collected sample data from three cities of Punjab province (1) Lahore, (2) Multan, & (3) Bahawalpur. The population was the whole of Pakistan. Data was collected with the help of a questionnaire via cross-sectional data. 600 were distributed and received N= 499 which were completed by all aspects. The CFA was carried out in SEM (Structural Equation Model), whereas the data was analyzed in SPSS, on the 22nd version. The statistical analysis of this research article retrospection that Cronbach alpha (α) > 0.72 among all variables which are presenting the highest reliability. Further, we check the correlation of the variables among each other, and we found that the dependent variable (DV) is positively correlated to independent variables (IV) because 'underemployment in turnover intention is positively correlated with job deprivation and job stresses. Results of this research article demonstrate that correlation values were r = >0.5 and Regression’s values p = <0.01. It indicates that there was a positive and significant effect of underemployment on turnover intention. The findings also support job deprivation as an intervening mechanism for the relation of underemployment and turnover intention. In addition, job stress acts as a moderator for the relationship between underemployment and job deprivation. The study concludes with a discussion, limitations, and future research directions including implications both for theory and practitioners. JEL Classification Codes: O15.

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Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000364 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 130-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Danica W. Y. Liu ◽

A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽

Richard Burns ◽

Rachel M. Roberts ◽

Kaarin J. Anstey

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Well Being ◽

Current Status ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Life Project ◽

Resilience Factors ◽

First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

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Testing the Strain Theory of Suicide – The Moderating Role of Social Support

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000604 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 82-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bob Lew ◽

Ksenia Chistopolskaya ◽

Yanzheng Liu ◽

Mansor Abu Talib ◽

Olga Mitina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Online Survey ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Strain Theory ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Strains ◽

Moderating Role

Abstract. Background: According to the strain theory of suicide, strains, resulting from conﬂicting and competing pressures in an individual's life, are hypothesized to precede suicide. But social support is an important factor that can mitigate strains and lessen their input in suicidal behavior. Aims: This study was designed to assess the moderating role of social support in the relation between strain and suicidality. Methods: A sample of 1,051 employees were recruited in Beijing, the capital of China, through an online survey. Moderation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro. Social support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and strains were assessed with the Psychological Strains Scale. Results: Psychological strains are a good predictor of suicidality, and social support, a basic need for each human being, moderates and decreases the effects of psychological strains on suicidality. Limitations: The cross-sectional survey limited the extent to which conclusions about causal relationships can be drawn. Furthermore, the results may not be generalized to the whole of China because of its diversity. Conclusion: Social support has a tendency to mitigate the effects of psychological strains on suicidality.

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Challenges of Fear Conditioning Research in the Age of RDoC

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000303 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 225 (3) ◽

pp. 189-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽

Jan Richter

Keyword(s):

Fear Conditioning ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Research Domain Criteria ◽

Major Focus ◽

The Future ◽

Definition Of ◽

Methodological Considerations ◽

Research Domain

Abstract. As the criticism of the definition of the phenotype (i.e., clinical diagnosis) represents the major focus of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, it is somewhat surprising that discussions have not yet focused more on specific conceptual and procedural considerations of the suggested RDoC constructs, sub-constructs, and associated paradigms. We argue that we need more precise thinking as well as a conceptual and methodological discussion of RDoC domains and constructs, their interrelationships as well as their experimental operationalization and nomenclature. The present work is intended to start such a debate using fear conditioning as an example. Thereby, we aim to provide thought-provoking impulses on the role of fear conditioning in the age of RDoC as well as conceptual and methodological considerations and suggestions to guide RDoC-based fear conditioning research in the future.

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