scholarly journals Physical Properties of Latvian Hemp Fibres

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Baltiņa ◽  
Z. Zamuška ◽  
V. Stramkale ◽  
G. Strazds
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Pre Treatment

Each year more and more people focus on healthy, ecological and environmental-friendly living. Environmentally friendly lifestyle doesn’t mean that we are using only natural products, but attention is pointed to the manufacturing and production process also. The rapid development of recycled and biodegradable products causes expanding usage of hemp fibers both in household and technical textiles. The analysis of hemp cultivation and usage trends in the world and Europe shows that hemp cultivation and processing in Latvia has good perspectives. Product quality is influenced by raw materials. In this case it is hemp fiber descriptive characteristics. Hemp fibers are natural fibers and their properties varies according to plant growing regional climatic conditions, amount of manure, plant density, harvesting time and pre-treatment technological processes. There are studied the influence of above mentioned factors on chemical composition, geometrical and physical properties of the Latvian hemp fiber both local and foreign cultivars. The work was carried out in cooperation between Riga Technical University, Textile Technology and Design Institute and the Agriculture Science Centre of Latgale.

Hemp Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Composites: Effects of NaOH Concentration on Fiber Pre-Treatment Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Phattharachai Maichin ◽  
Teewara Suwan ◽  
Peerapong Jitsangiam ◽  
Prinya Chindaprasirt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Geopolymer Composites

High demand for using parts of natural materials, e.g., cores, fibers or leaves, as alternative additives are being increased. The main reasons are that natural materials can be served as renewable and eco-friendly choices such a sustainable development. Nevertheless, some limitations of applying those natural products, such as biodegradation, UV degradation, or weak bonding, are raised and need to be modified before further handling. One of the modification techniques for bio-based materials is chemical treatment by using alkaline solution (alkalization). Treatment process allows the plant's fiber to have fewer impurities as well as to increase the bonding on its contacting surface area. This research focuses on (i) effects of NaOH solution concentration on the pre-treatment properties of hemp fibers and (ii) self-treatment behavior of hemp fiber in geopolymer composites. The results show that the concentration of NaOH solution directly affected the pre-treatment process of hemp fiber as higher concentration from 1, 3, 5, 8, 10 to 12 Molar provided more vanishing level of fiber impurities, indicated by Contact Angle (CA) measurement and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy analysis. With the concept of alkaline treatment, the self-treatment process was therefore applied for hemp fiber incorporated in alkaline-activated geopolymer matrix. The results illustrate the self-treatment behavior of hemp fiber in geopolymer composites, which could improve the final performances of the hardened products without conventional pre-treatment process.

scholarly journals Comparación entre redes de fibras sintéticas y redes de fibras de cáñamo para el refuerzo de muros de albañileria = Comparison between synthetic fiber networks and hemp fiber networks for the reinforcement of masonry walls

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Alessandra Vilardi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Fiber Networks ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Bidirectional Networks

ResumenLa existencia de una gran cantidad de edificios antiguos ha movilizado la investigación para estudiar nuevos sistemas de refuerzo a aquellas construcciones que sean dañadas por decadencia fisiológica o por terremoto. El presente documento demuestra la eficacia de un sistema de refuerzo innovador para los muros de mampostería, constituyentes los elementos estructurales de los edificios históricos. Se hace una comparación entre unas redes bidireccionales de fibras sintéticas tradicionales y las de fibras naturales, ambas pegadas a las dos fachadas del muro con matriz de mortero. El resultado muestra la aplicación de las fibras de cáñamo como refuerzo sísmico y una mayor compatibilidad de estas con el material que caracterizan los edificios antiguos. AbstractThe existence of a large number of old buildings has mobilized research to study new systems of reinforcement to those buildings that are damaged by physiological decay or earthquake. This document demonstrates the effectiveness of an innovative reinforcement system for masonry walls, which are the structural elements of historic buildings. A comparison is made between bidirectional networks of traditional synthetic fibers and those of natural fibers, both glued to the two facades of the wall with mortar matrix. The result shows the application of hemp fibers as seismic reinforcement and a greater compatibility of these with the material that characterize the old buildings.

Novel scouring method of hemp fibers based on electrochemical techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110003
Author(s):  
Ruoying Zhu ◽  
Ye Yu ◽  
Wenfang Yang ◽  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Guigang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Electrical Method ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Pre Treatment

Hemp fiber has excellent performance as a renewable fiber material. It is of great significance to study more efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly pre-treatment methods of hemp textiles. A novel hemp fiber scouring method based on electrochemical techniques was presented in the research. A type of water solution with high and stable oxidative potential due to in-situ- generated oxidative components was produced by the proposed electrical method, and was applied to scouring treatment of raw hemp fibers by just soaking the fibers in it. Hemp fibers with different treatments were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and residual gum rate, lignin content and whiteness of the samples were tested. Experiment results show that electrochemical scouring has a similar degumming effect of hemp fibers compared with traditional chemical scouring, with a better lignin removal and whiteness, implying an effective and short process method of hemp textiles pre-treatment with low impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Trial using of ultrasonic cavitation in cottonization processes of hemp fibers

ScienceRise ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Olha Hych ◽  
Oksana Zakora ◽  
Mariia Rastorhuieva ◽  
Andrii Zilinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Ultrasonic Cavitation ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Technological Product

The object of research: ultrasonic processing technology of textile materials. Investigated problem: increasing the degree of splitting of complex hemp fibers due to the effect of the mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation on them. The main scientific results: The article shows the potential of textile production to ensure the environmental friendliness of textile products, and the development and implementation of new eco-technologies of physical and mechanical cottonization of hemp fiber is important in this. Analysis of existing methods of cottonization and structural features of hemp fibers has led to the conclusion that the destruction of cellulose satellites in complex fiber can be considered as a process of purification from impurities, since the technologies for purification of substances in the aquatic environment by ultrasound now are widely used. Therefore the process of cottonization of hemp by technology of ultrasonic treatment was used in this investigation for the first time. The basic principle effect on the textile material what placed in the liquid are the hydroacoustic effects formed by the collapse of cavitation bubbles in the contact zone "liquid-material". Experimental studies of the geometric characteristics of the obtained hemp cottonine were carried out, and the effectiveness of the effect of ultrasonic vibrations on the change of the structure of hemp fiber was confirmed. Due to the removal of inlaid substances under the action of cavitation, the complex fibers of hemp were split, as a result of which the range of variation and the absolute value of their length and linear density were decreased. The scope of practical use of the research results: textile enterprises of deep processing of bast raw materials into technical and household yarns. Innovation technological product: technology of ultrasonic cottonization of hemp fibers. The scope of using the innovation technological product: manufacturing of textile hemp products for general use.

Effect of Fiber Treatment on Fiber Strength and Fiber/Matrix Interface of Hemp Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofien Bouzouita ◽  
Michelle Salvia ◽  
Hachmi Ben Daly ◽  
A. Dogui ◽  
E. Forest
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Interfacial Properties ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Interface Properties ◽  
Matrix Interface ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The use of natural fibers as reinforcement in composites is emerging. Several studies are underway to improve the mechanical characteristics of these fibers and its matrix interface properties for better load transfer. However, the treatments generally used are relatively expensive and complicated to apply. This work deals with the effect of new Fibroline process on tensile and interfacial properties of hemp fiber reinforced in polypropylene. Fibroline is a dry powder impregnation method which consists of submitting fibers and polymer powder under strong alternating electric field. Morphology and tensile properties of hemp fibers after different surface treatments (raw, dried, raw and Fibroline-treated, dried and Fibroline-treated) are evaluated. Interface properties of treated hemp fibers on polypropylene matrix are then characterized by fragmentation test of monofilament composites. Results showed the Fibroline treatment reduces the fiber mechanical properties but improves the load transfer efficiency due to random generation of surface cracks and better fiber/matrix adherence, respectively. For the case of dried and Fibroline-treated hemp fibers, large decrease in mechanical and interfacial properties was observed.

scholarly journals Impact of ionic liquids on absorption behaviour of natural fibers/biopolyethylene biocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rakowska ◽  
Magdalena Węgrzyn ◽  
Ewa Rudnik
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
The Impact

AbstractFor many years, there has been a growing interest in technologies enabling the replacement of conventional polymer composites with new materials made from renewable raw materials. It is important to assess the behaviour of biocomposites in various environments, including humid conditions. Recently, ionic liquids have been studied as potential modificators of polymers properties, especially flame retardants. In previous study the impact of ionic liquids on thermal and mechanical properties of biocomposites was assessed. In this study the influence of ionic liquids on moisture absorption properties of biocomposites at different relative humidities (RH) was assessed. The biocomposites were built from polyethylene from renewable resources reinforced with flax or hemp fibers. The effect of the addition of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5 wt.% phosphonium ionic liquids on the moisture absorption properties of biopolyethylene biocomposite reinforced with natural fibers were tested. Mixtures of biopolyethylene, natural fibers and ionic liquid were calendered at 180 °C and then were compounded by injection moulding. The prepared samples were then characterized for their moisture uptake at 30%, 50% and 100% RH. Moisture absorption by biocomposites depended on the structure of the ionic liquid and the type of fiber. The saturation of moisture of about 0.054% was found for samples modified with tributylethylphosphonium diethyl phosphate and reinforced with flax and hemp fibers at RH 100%. The environmental resistance of the materials was found to be improved after the addition of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate. Biocomposites with hemp fibers showed slightly less absorption than with flax fibers. It was also observed that ionic liquids: (bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate trihexyltetradecylphosphonate) and (bis (2-ethylhexyl) trihexyltetradecylphosphonium phosphate) protect PE biocomposites with plant fibers against mold in high humidity conditions (RH 100%).

Productivity of sunflower depending on the plant stand density and the application of bio-fertilizers

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Hybrid Region ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

Among the factors that influence the yield of sunflower, the density of plant standing in specific soil-climatic conditions is important. One of the measures to provide plants with the necessary minerals is the pre-treatment of sunflower seeds with bio-fertilizers in order to improve nutrition, increase productivity and protect plants from phytopathogenic fungi. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of plant density and seed treatment with biological fertilizers on the production of sunflower hybrids. The experiments were conducted in 2012-2014 at the Research Field of the Institute of Oilseeds. Objects of research were hybrids of sunflower of domestic breeding: Institute of oilseeds – Polyet, Region; Institute of Plant Breeding them V.Ya. Yurieva – Site, Borey; Selection-Genetic Institute – Odesskiy 249, Syuzhet. The sowing was carried out at a depth of seeding of 6-7 cm with a width of 70 cm spacing. Three densities of plant standing were studied: 40, 60, 80 thousand per hectare. Variants of application of biological fertilizer polymicobacterin: 1. Control (seed treatment with water); 2. Sowing treatment of seeds (12 ml/kg). According to the results of three years of research, biometric indices and performance indicators of sunflower hybrids: Polyet, Region, Site, Borey, Odesskiy 249, Syuzhet were changed under the influence of plant density and application of biological fertilizer polymicobacterium for processing seeds. Greater plant height of sunflower hybrids: Polyet – 136.1-136.5 cm, Region – 133.8-134.5 cm, Site 138.3-139.4 cm, Borey – 138.1-139.3 cm, Odesskiy 249 – 135.6-137.1 cm, Syuzhet – 138.6-139.3 cm marked by the density of plant standing 60 thousand/ha. In the crops with a plant density of 40 and 80 thousand/ha, this figure decreased. Indicators of the area of the leaf surface on 1 plant, depending on the option of pre-treatment of seeds, decreased with the thickening of crops from 40 to 80 thousand/ha: from 52.7-53.8 to 23.4-23.6 dm2 in the hybrid Polyet; from 53.0-54.3 to 23.6-23.9 dm2 in the hybrid Region; from 50.2-50.4 to 22.7-23.2 dm2 in the hybrid Site; from 48.2-49.1 to 23.4-23.5 dm2 in the Borey hybrid; from 52.2-52.3 to 23.8-23.9 dm2 in the hybrid Odesskiy 249; from 51.6-52.7 to 23.1-23.5 dm2 in the hybrid Syuzhet. The area of the leaf surface on one hectare was greater than the density of planting sunflower 60 thousand/ha and was: in the hybrid Polyet 20.6-20.8 thousand m2; in the hybrid Region 20.8-21.2 thousand m2; in the hybrid Site 20.4-20.8 thousand m2; in the hybrid Borey 19.6-20.0 thousand m2; in the hybrid of Odesskiy 249 21.1-21.6 thousand m2; in the hybrid Syuzhet 20.0-20.4 thousand m2. Indicators of mass of 1000 seeds of sunflower, depending on the application of polymyxactarin, decreased with the thickening of crops, respectively: from 46.4-46.6 to 41.0-41.1 g in the hybrid Polyet; from 47.8-48.0 to 42.2-42.4 g in hybrids Region; from 45.4-45.7 to 40.6-40.9 g in the hybrid Website; from 44.0-44.2 to 39.3-39.5 g in the Borey hybrid; from 50.1-50.3 to 44.1-44.5 g in the hybrid Odesskiy 249 and 45.0-45.2 to 41.4-41.6 g in the hybrid Syuzhet. The largest indices of the mass of 1000 seeds of all hybrids studied were indicated in variants with seed dressing and plant density of 40 thousand/ha. Increase from the use of the drug was 0.1-0.4 g. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the highest yield of hybrids studied in the experiment was obtained for the density of 60 thousand/ha in variants with pre-seed treatment of seeds and was: Polyet 2.00 t/ha, Region 1.99 t/ha, Site 2.09 t/ha, Borey 1.86 t/ha, Odesskiy 249 1.91 t/ha, Syuzhet 2.00 t/ha. Reducing the density of plants up to 40 or up to 80 thousand hectares led to a decrease in yield by 0.02-0.14 t/ha. The most productive among hybrids was the Site. The increase in yield from the use of biological fertilizers, depending on the density of plant standing, was: in the hybrid Polyet 0.02-0.03 t/ha, in the hybrid Region 0.04-0.07 t/ha, in the hybrid Site 0.03-0.08 t/ha, in the hybrid Borey 0.04-0.08 t/ha, in the hybrid Odesskiy 249 0.06-0.07 t/ha, in the hybrid Syuzhet 0.05-0.06 t/ha. At the same time, the largest increase in the yield of six hybrids was obtained for the density of plants standing at 60 thousand/ha. There was no significant effect of biological fertilizer on the fat content of the seeds. Taking into account the level of yield, the highest yield of oil: hybrid Polyet – 859, hybrid Region – 858, hybrid Site – 877, hybrid Borey – 773, Hybrid Odesskiy 249 – 790, hybrid Syuzhet – 834 kg/ha has provided sunflower cultivation with a density of plant standing of 60 thousand/ha and using polymeric bacterium for seed treatment before sowing.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Polypropylene/Ramie Fiber with Hemp Fiber and Coir Fiber Natural Biopolymer Composite for Biomedical Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
T. Sathish ◽  
Kumaran Palani ◽  
L. Natrayan ◽  
Anjibabu Merneedi ◽  
Melvin Victor De Poures ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
The Individual

In the current scenario, many natural fibers available in the world can be used in various applications in the day-to-day life of biomedical products, automobile parts, industrial products, etc. Biocomposites can replace or serve as a framework allowing the regeneration of traumatized, degenerated tissues, and organs, thus, improving the patients’ quality of life. This research work is aimed at fabricating and investigating the natural biopolymer composites for biomedical applications. There are two sets of fiber composites fabricated in this research work. Ramie fiber considers a common base fiber for both composites. Hemp fibers and coir fibers were considered as filler in this research work. Biodegradable and bioresorbable polypropylene resins are used to fabricate the biocomposite using the compression moulding technique. Different proportion specimen mechanical properties were compared for bone fixtures and joint applications. The contour plots and bar charts were plotted to identify the variations in the volume percentage. The individual fiber specimens also have significant properties when compared with the composite fibers. Then, the individual superior property-based combinations such as hemp and coir fiber mixed with biodegradable and bioresorbable polypropylene/ramie fiber were recommended to produce joints and bone fixtures to alleviate pain for patients.

scholarly journals Marine Gelatine from Rest Raw Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Milovanovic ◽  
Maria Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Polypeptide Chains ◽  
By Products

In recent years, demand for consumption of marine foods, and especially fish, has substantially increased worldwide. The majority of collagen available is sourced from mammalian-derived products. Although fish derived gelatine is a viable alternative to mammalian sourced gelatine, there are certain limitations related to the use of fish gelatine that include odour, colour, functional properties, and consistency in its amino acid composition. Chemicals used for pre-treatment, as well as extraction conditions such as temperature and time, can influence the length of polypeptide chains that result and the functional properties of the gelatine. Compared to traditional sources, gelatines derived from fish show significant differences in chemical and physical properties, and great care should be paid to optimization of the production process in order to obtain a product with the best properties for intended applications. The focus of this review is to explore the feasibility of producing gelatine sourced from marine processing by-products using different pre-treatment and extraction strategies with the aim of improving the techno-functional properties of the final product and improving the clean-label status of gelatines. The bioactivities of gelatine hydrolysates are also discussed.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE CARDING PROCESS INFLUENCE ON THE GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HEMP FIBER

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
О. HYCH ◽  
M. RASTORHYIEVA ◽  
О. ZAKORA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Geometric Characteristics

The article analyzes the possibility of processing imported hemp raw materials to obtain household textiles using domestic technologies for processing best fibers. The choice of the carding process is justified as a mechanical effect on the geometric characteristics of hemp. A preliminary visual analysis of samples of hemp fibers, which is imported by a domestic enterprise in order to obtain yarn using a carded spinning system, has been carried out. As a result of the analysis of morphometric characteristics, it was found that the resulting fiber is hemp cottonin. The length and thickness of cottonin vary considerably. Such dimensional characteristics do not allow using it for the manufacture of household yarn. To further break down the complex hemp fibers and reduce their length, a carding process is applied. The study of the effect of the carding process was carried out while implementing five carding cycles on a laboratory fiber mixer, which is an imitation of the carding process on carding equipment in a production environment. After each carding cycle, a card canvas is formed, in which the fibers are evenly mixed and oriented in the longitudinal direction. Sizing of hemp fibers occurs after each carding cycle. According to the dimensional characteristics, staple and modal diagrams of the length distribution and diagrams of the diameter distribution of hemp fibers were constructed. It was found that as a result of the carding process, the average length and thickness of hemp fibers decreased significantly while maintaining the normalized breaking load. But at the same time, the proportion of long fibers remains and a rather high linear density of the fibers remains, which does not allow them to be processed into yarn using a carded spinning system. It is recommended that you continue with the mechanical processing process or use carded hemp fiber to make yarn using the machine’s wool spinning system.

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