Novel scouring method of hemp fibers based on electrochemical techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110003
Author(s):  
Ruoying Zhu ◽  
Ye Yu ◽  
Wenfang Yang ◽  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Guigang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Electrical Method ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Pre Treatment

Hemp fiber has excellent performance as a renewable fiber material. It is of great significance to study more efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly pre-treatment methods of hemp textiles. A novel hemp fiber scouring method based on electrochemical techniques was presented in the research. A type of water solution with high and stable oxidative potential due to in-situ- generated oxidative components was produced by the proposed electrical method, and was applied to scouring treatment of raw hemp fibers by just soaking the fibers in it. Hemp fibers with different treatments were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and residual gum rate, lignin content and whiteness of the samples were tested. Experiment results show that electrochemical scouring has a similar degumming effect of hemp fibers compared with traditional chemical scouring, with a better lignin removal and whiteness, implying an effective and short process method of hemp textiles pre-treatment with low impact on the environment.

Hemp Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Composites: Effects of NaOH Concentration on Fiber Pre-Treatment Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Phattharachai Maichin ◽  
Teewara Suwan ◽  
Peerapong Jitsangiam ◽  
Prinya Chindaprasirt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Geopolymer Composites

High demand for using parts of natural materials, e.g., cores, fibers or leaves, as alternative additives are being increased. The main reasons are that natural materials can be served as renewable and eco-friendly choices such a sustainable development. Nevertheless, some limitations of applying those natural products, such as biodegradation, UV degradation, or weak bonding, are raised and need to be modified before further handling. One of the modification techniques for bio-based materials is chemical treatment by using alkaline solution (alkalization). Treatment process allows the plant's fiber to have fewer impurities as well as to increase the bonding on its contacting surface area. This research focuses on (i) effects of NaOH solution concentration on the pre-treatment properties of hemp fibers and (ii) self-treatment behavior of hemp fiber in geopolymer composites. The results show that the concentration of NaOH solution directly affected the pre-treatment process of hemp fiber as higher concentration from 1, 3, 5, 8, 10 to 12 Molar provided more vanishing level of fiber impurities, indicated by Contact Angle (CA) measurement and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy analysis. With the concept of alkaline treatment, the self-treatment process was therefore applied for hemp fiber incorporated in alkaline-activated geopolymer matrix. The results illustrate the self-treatment behavior of hemp fiber in geopolymer composites, which could improve the final performances of the hardened products without conventional pre-treatment process.

Characterization of Hemp Fiber Using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) Pretreatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1594-1599
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Han ◽  
Li Jun Qu ◽  
Xiao Qing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Index Contrast

The main objective of this paper was to investigate a low cost pretreatment method, namely microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) pretreatment, which could be applied to hemp degumming with low environmental impact. Degumming index, contrast of different pretreatment methods, transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and single fiber tensile testing were used to characterise the effect of pretreatment on hemp fibers. In this paper, the results of degumming effect were given comparing MAE pretreatment with acid pretreatment for hemp degumming. It was found that the MAE pretreatment could remove non-cellulosic compounds from hemp bundles effectively with very short period of time. Meanwhile, seen from SEM micrographs, the fibers pretreated by MAE were cleaner than that of fibers pretreated by acid. These results suggested that MAE pretreatment was higher efficiency and more environmental friendly than traditional pretreatment methods.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Latvian Hemp Fibres

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Baltiņa ◽  
Z. Zamuška ◽  
V. Stramkale ◽  
G. Strazds
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Pre Treatment

Each year more and more people focus on healthy, ecological and environmental-friendly living. Environmentally friendly lifestyle doesn’t mean that we are using only natural products, but attention is pointed to the manufacturing and production process also. The rapid development of recycled and biodegradable products causes expanding usage of hemp fibers both in household and technical textiles. The analysis of hemp cultivation and usage trends in the world and Europe shows that hemp cultivation and processing in Latvia has good perspectives. Product quality is influenced by raw materials. In this case it is hemp fiber descriptive characteristics. Hemp fibers are natural fibers and their properties varies according to plant growing regional climatic conditions, amount of manure, plant density, harvesting time and pre-treatment technological processes. There are studied the influence of above mentioned factors on chemical composition, geometrical and physical properties of the Latvian hemp fiber both local and foreign cultivars. The work was carried out in cooperation between Riga Technical University, Textile Technology and Design Institute and the Agriculture Science Centre of Latgale.

Optimization and characterization of flavonoids extracted from Cannabis sativa fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110277
Author(s):  
Qilu Cui ◽  
Jiawei Li ◽  
Chongwen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Degumming Process

In this paper, the extraction process of flavonoids from hemp fibers was studied. Response surface methodology (RSM) analysis of the extraction parameters indicated that optimized results would be ethanol concentration 76 vol.%, bath ratio 1:50, and reaction time 139 min; therefore, an optimal extraction rate of flavonoids of 0.2275% can be obtained. The chemical structure, surface morphology and element composition of flavonoid extracts were analyzed. The test results indicated that hemp extract contains flavonoids, which can be used to extract flavonoids from hemp fiber, so as to comprehensively develop hemp fiber and reduce the discharge of waste liquid in the traditional degumming process.

scholarly journals Hemp Fiber Reinforced Red Mud/Fly Ash Geopolymer Composite Materials: Effect of Fiber Content on Mechanical Strength

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyerusalem A. Taye ◽  
Judith A. Roether ◽  
Dirk W. Schubert ◽  
Daniel T. Redda ◽  
Aldo R. Boccaccini
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Brazilian Tensile Strength ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Geopolymer Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron

Novel hemp fiber reinforced geopolymer composites were fabricated. The matrix was a new geopolymer based on a mixture of red mud and fly ash. Chopped, randomly oriented hemp fibers were used as reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the geopolymer composite, such as diametral tensile (DTS) (or Brazilian tensile) strength and compressive strength (CS), were measured. The geopolymer composites reinforced with 9 vol.% and 3 vol.% hemp fiber yielded average DTS values of 5.5 MPa and average CS values of 40 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were carried out to evaluate the microstructure and fracture surfaces of the composites. The results indicated that the addition of hemp fiber is a promising approach to improve the mechanical strength as well as to modify the failure mechanism of the geopolymer, which changed from brittle to “pseudo-ductile”.

Influence of High Current Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation on Ni-P Electroless Plating

2011 ◽  
Vol 299-300 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Sheng Zhi Hao ◽  
Xiang Dong Zhang ◽  
Min Cai Li ◽  
Chuang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Electroless Plating ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
High Current ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
6063 Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Better Than

The surface irradiation of 6063 aluminum alloy by high current pulsed electron was conducted with the aim of replacing the complicated pre-treatment in the processes of electroless plating. To explore the microstructure changes, optical metallography, SEM (scanning electron microscope), XRD (X-ray diffraction) analyses were carried out, and the sliding tests were used for the detection of wear resistance. It was concluded that the HCPEB irradiation could replace the pre-treatment of aluminum substrate as required in conventional electroless plating with a decreased surface roughness of Ni-P alloy plating layer. The plates exhibited an amorphous microstructure as demonstrated by XRD analysis. The plates, produced with the routine of HCPEB irradiation, activation and electroless plating possess, also exhibited good quality, even better than that of conventional electroless plating technique.

Hydration of diazoles in water solution: pyrazole. A theoretical and X-ray diffraction study

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 9431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ramondo ◽  
Luana Tanzi ◽  
Marco Campetella ◽  
Lorenzo Gontrani ◽  
Giordano Mancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Synthesis of CaWO4:(Eu3+,Tb3+) Thin Films by a Two-Step Method at Room Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 170-173
Author(s):  
Lian Ping Chen ◽  
Yuan Hong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Step Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rare Earth Doped

It is hardly possible to obtain rare earth doped CaWO4thin films directly through electrochemical techniques. A two-step method has been proposed to synthesize CaWO4:(Eu3+,Tb3+) thin films at room temperature. X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, spectrophotometer were used to characterize their phase, composition and luminescent properties. Results reveal that (Eu3+,Tb3+)-doped CaWO4films have a tetragonal phase. When the ratio of n (Eu)/n (Tb) in the solution is up to 3:1, CaWO4:(Eu3+,Tb3+) thin film will be enriched with Tb element; on the contrary, when the ratio in the solution is lower than 1:4, CaWO4:(Eu3+,Tb3+) thin film will be enriched with Eu element. Under the excitation of 242 nm, sharp emission peaks at 612, 543, 489 and 589 nm have been observed for CaWO4:(Eu3+,Tb3+) thin films.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of biomorphic CeO2 obtained by using egg shell membrane as template

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Prekajski ◽  
Biljana Babic ◽  
Dusan Bucevac ◽  
Jelena Pantic ◽  
Jelena Gulicovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solution ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Shell Membrane ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Egg Shell Membrane ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Chicken Eggs

A new technology based on bio-templating approach was proposed in this paper. Egg-shell membrane (ESM) has been employed as a natural biotemplate. Fibrous oxide ceramics was prepared by wet impregnation of biological template with water solution of cerium nitrate. The template was derived from membranes of fresh chicken eggs. Repeated impregnation, pyrolysis and final calcination in the range of 600 to 1200?C in air resulted in template burnout and consolidation of the oxide layers. At low temperatures, the obtained products had structure which corresponded to the negative replication of biological templates. Unique bio-morphic CeO2 microstructures with interwoven networks were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), whereas low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (BET) method was used in order to characterize porous properties.

scholarly journals Influence of the precursor chemical composition on heavy metal adsorption properties of hemp (Cannabis Sativa) fibers based biocarbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1417-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Vukcevic ◽  
Biljana Pejic ◽  
Ivana Pajic-Lijakovic ◽  
Ana Kalijadis ◽  
Mirjana Kostic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Hemp Fibers

Waste hemp (Cannabis sativa) fibers were used as sustainable and renewable raw materials for production of low-cost biocarbon sorbent for heavy metals removal. Carbon precursors of different chemical composition were obtained by oxidative and alkaline treatments of hemp fibers. Influence of lignocellulosic precursor chemical composition on hemp fibers-based biocarbon (HFB) characteristics was examined by BET surface area measurement, scanning electron microscopy and mass titration. It was found that lignin content and polymorphic transformation of cellulose increase the SBET of microporous HFBs, while hemicelluloses induce more homogeneous distribution of adsorption active sites. Heavy metal ions adsorption onto HFBs is primarily influenced by the amount of surface oxygen groups, while specific surface area plays a secondary role. Equilibrium data obtained for lead ions adsorption were analyzed by different nonlinear adsorption isotherms, and the best fitting model was chosen using standard deviation and Akaike information criterion (AICC). The maximum adsorption capacities of HFBs ranged from 103.1 to 116.3 mg Pb/g. Thermodynamic parameters showed that Pb2+ adsorption onto HFBs is a spontaneous and complex endothermic process, suggesting the coexistence of physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms.

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