scholarly journals INDICATORS AFFECTING VIDZEME REGION SMART DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Sarmite Rozentale ◽  
Aigars Andersons
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Development Analysis

The study aims to determine the main indicators of rural smart development concept for territorial development analysis and decision-making in Vidzeme region (Latvia). In the framework of the study the theoretical literature and planning documents were analysed, focusing on the indicators of rural areas and sustainable development. For a long time the development was associated primarily with the economic growth - GDP, employment and income growth. In recent years, the economic dimension is supplemented with social, environmental, cultural and political aspects. A holistic approach interprets close relations and balanced integration between the economic, social, political, ecological and cultural dimensions of local and regional development. Such approach requires the search for new indicators that describe the development of rural areas and are directly relevant to each individual area. The results present that in the development of Vidzeme smart specialization, the local governments and the state has the greatest impact. It is most affected by the local government's capacity to develop cooperation with residents and entrepreneurs, and a stable and sustainable economic situation in the country.

The Status and Financing of Off-System Bridges

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26
Author(s):  
Norman Walzer ◽  
Lori A. Sutton ◽  
Steven C. Deller
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Federal Aid ◽  
Bridge Program ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Alternative Means

The network of off-system bridges supporting the rural economy has been a concern for a long time. Federal Highway Administration data show that 31.4% of the bridges off the federal aid system qualify for replacement and/or rehabilitation funds, the worst category under the federal bridge program. Although there is some evidence that the quality of these bridges has marginally improved in recent years, the sheer number of deficient bridges in rural areas necessitates major expenses for rural local governments in the future. Study results suggest, however, that local highway officials expect to be able to spend far less than what they believe the system requires. The outcome is that part of the transportation backbone of the rural economy is at risk, and additional sources of revenue and/or alternative means for reinvesting in the bridge network are needed.

Features of forming the investment needs of local governments

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Zenoviy Siryk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Investment Capacity

The paper researches some aspects of regulative maintenance of investment activity in Ukraine and at the level of territories (on the example of Lviv) in the condition of reforming local governments. The author suggests his interpretation of “an investment capacity of a territorial community”. The specifics of managing the investment activity of territories is outlined, and the groups of needs of local governments, the realization of which is the ground for territorial communities’ activity, are defined. The sources of funding of local governments’ investment needs are characterized. The scheme of balancing investment needs and investment opportunities (sources) as a component of management of a territory’s investment activity is suggested. The conditions of securing positive consequences of the process are examined. The analysis of directions of state support of economic and social development of territories in 2020 shows that regional development programs are funded at 12.7%, while other social, environmental, and innovative directions – at a level less than 5%. The paper emphasizes the need of local governments to independently search for ways to implement socio-cultural projects by efficient use of their investment resources and capacity. For a general analysis of investment activity, the investment in the socio-economic development of Lvivska oblast in 2017-2019 is analyzed. The growing volumes of capital investment and the prevailing share of investment in the purchase of machines and equipment are emphasized. The conclusion on insufficient growth of rural areas’ capacity is made. The problems in the attraction of investment in the economies of cities and consolidated territorial communities are defined. The solution of these problems will contribute to the implementation of new approaches to investment activity at the territories of local communities from the viewpoint of the need to secure their financial capacity and sustainable development of settlements.

scholarly journals PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING AS A PROSPECTIVE TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TERRITORIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
С.В. Подгорская ◽  
Т.А. Мирошниченко
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Participatory Budgeting ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Low Levels

Достаточно новой формой практики муниципального управления в РФ становится партисипаторное бюджетирование, основанное на непосредственном участии граждан в местном самоуправлении. Целью исследования явилось изучение вовлеченности сельского населения в процессы управления сельскими территориями через механизм партисипаторного бюджетирования. Совершенствование системы управления сельским развитием на основе самоорганизации селян с активной гражданской позицией и партисипаторного бюджетирования является важнейшим фактором новой научной модели развития сельских территорий. Представлена диагностика состояния партисипаторного бюджетирования в России, 69 регионов реализуют проекты на основе этого механизма публичного управления общественными финансами, существуют многочисленные успешные практики вовлечения местных сообществ в управление территориальным развитием. Несмотря на то, что в 2019 г. по сравнению с 2014 г. количество реализованных проектов на селе увеличилось вдвое, относительно 2016 года оно уменьшилось почти на 40%. Выявлены ключевые факторы, сдерживающие развитие гражданского участия селян в управлении общественными финансами: недостаточный уровень институционального доверия сельского населения, высокая субсидированность и низкий уровень собственных доходов местных бюджетов, недостаточность компетенций органов местного самоуправления для подготовки инициативных проектов. Participatory budgeting, based on the direct participation of citizens in local selfgovernment, is becoming a fairly new form of municipal governance practice in the Russian Federation. The aim of the study was to study the involvement of the rural population in the management of rural areas through the mechanism of participatory budgeting. Improving the rural development management system based on the self-organization of villagers with an active civic position and participatory budgeting is the most important factor in the new scientific model for the development of rural areas. The diagnostics of the state of participatory budgeting in Russia is presented, 69 regions are implementing projects based on this mechanism of public management of public finances, there are numerous successful practices of involving local communities in the management of territorial development. Despite the fact that in 2019, compared to 2014, the number of implemented projects in rural areas doubled, compared to 2016 it decreased by almost 40%. The key factors hindering the development of civic participation of villagers in the management of public finances were identified: insufficient level of institutional trust of the rural population, high subsidies and low levels of local budgets' own revenues, insufficient competence of local governments to prepare initiative projects.

Analysis of pre-service teachers’ perception towards the economic, environmental, social and cultural dimensions of Education for Sustainable Development

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 972-978
Author(s):  
Manisha Jetly ◽  
Dr. Nandita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Class Room

Education for sustainable development (ESD) enjoys a huge momentum worldwide in which the role of teachers for making sustainable development goals a reality has been recognized significantly. Teachers through their knowledge, attitudes and skills can bring the learning about these concepts to the curriculum and class room interaction and are in a position to influence their students. Therefore it is pertinent, that teachers are sensitised towards these issues, so that they prepare and nurture their students for making appropriate and responsible choices which contribute to a sustainable future. At this juncture it becomes crucial to understand their priorities and awareness level in context of the sustainable development. The present research paper aims to analyse the perception of forty post graduate pre-service teachers of the Chandigarh region, towards ESD through the dimensions of economic sustainability, environmental sustainability, social sustainability and cultural sustainability. For this researchers have adopted qualitative content analysis methodology for an in-depth study of the subjective responses through an open ended question. The findings suggest that most of the respondents associated the perception of ESD strongly with environmental sustainability. It is noted that the pre-service teachers lack a holistic approach towards ESD. On the basis of the findings it is recommended that there is an urgent need of integrating the concept of ESD consciously and conscientiously in India’s teacher education programmes.

Traditional and Customary Law: Adat

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Butt ◽  
Tim Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The Past ◽  
Statutory Protection ◽  
Traditional Communities

Many Indonesians—primarily those living in rural areas—still follow customary law (adat). The precise rules and processes of that adat differ significantly from place to place, even within short distances. This chapter shows that for many decades, adat has been subservient to national law. State-made law overrode it, leaving it applicable only in a very small proportion of cases where no national law applied, where judges could apply it as ‘living law’. Even in these cases, many judges ignored adat or distorted it when deciding cases. The 1945 Constitution was amended in 2000 to require the state to formally recognize and respect customary law, as practised in traditional communities. The Constitutional Court has given effect to this in various judicial review cases, as have some statutes enacted in the past decade or so. However, this constitutional and statutory ‘protection’ has been impeded in practice by requirements for traditional communities to be formally ‘recognized’ by their local governments, many of whom have been unresponsive to calls for recognition.

scholarly journals Approaches to formation of strategies for development of administrative territories

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 06026
Author(s):  
Oleksii Klok ◽  
Olha Loseva ◽  
Oleksandr Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
The Eu

The article studies theoretical and methodological bases of the strategic management of the development of administrative territories, considers the essence of strategic management and formulates the advantages of using it in management of administrative territory. Based on the analysis of the key provisions of the EU regional policy, the strategy of “smart specialization” is considered as the most common approach to territorial development. Using the experience of the countries of the European Union as a basis, a BPMN diagram, describing the conceptual bases for the formation of a competitive territory strategy, was built. Practical approaches to the formation of strategies for the development of administrative territories operating in Ukraine, regulatory acts, in particular, that had a direct impact on the formation of the existing model of strategic territorial management, were analyzed. The main requirements to the content of the strategic plan were considered and the list of key provisions and analytical methods (socio-economic analysis, comparative analysis, SWOT-analysis, PESTLE-analysis, sociological analysis) was formulated. Using the comparative legal analysis of the experience of the European Union as a basis, a number of features can be highlighted that must be taken into account in the process of forming the administrative territory development strategy.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Impact of Agricultural Fiscal Expenditures and Gross Agricultural Output on Poverty Reduction: A VAR Model Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5766
Author(s):  
Guanglu Zeng ◽  
Chenggang Zhang ◽  
Sanxi Li ◽  
Hailin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Fiscal Spending

China was the first developing country to achieve the poverty eradication target of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 10 years ahead of schedule. Its past approach has been, mainly, to allocate more fiscal spending to rural areas, while strengthening accountability for poverty alleviation. However, some literature suggests that poor rural areas still lack the endogenous dynamics for sustainable growth. Using a vector autoregression (VAR) model, based on data from 1990 to 2019, we find that fiscal spending plays a much more significant role in reducing the poverty ratio than agricultural development. When poverty alleviation is treated as an administrative task, each poor village must complete the spending of top-down poverty alleviation funds within a time frame that is usually shorter than that required for successful specialty agriculture. As a result, the greater the pressure of poverty eradication and the more funds allocated, the more poverty alleviation projects become an anchor for accountability, and the more local governments’ consideration of industry cycles and input–output analysis give way to formalism, homogeneity, and even complicity. We suggest using the leverage of fiscal funds to direct more resources to productive uses, thus guiding future rural revitalization in a more sustainable direction.

scholarly journals Sustainable Geographical Changes in Rural Areas: Key Paths, Orientations and Limits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2059
Author(s):  
Angel Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Rural Studies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rural Restructuring ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Rurality

Rural differentiation processes have formed the backbone of rural studies. Owing to the strength of rural–urban and local–global relationships, the theoretical approaches to rural restructuring in the Anglo-Saxon world and new rurality in Latin America only have a limited capacity to explain contemporary global phenomena of rural spaces. Due to this, transverse theoretical and methodological approaches have emerged to explain social, environmental and spatial (rural) processes. Here, a new approach is proposed called the individual–global field, based on the individual–global binary category to substitute the traditional relevance of the locality–community–globality association This new approach tries to reinvigorate rural geography in a more flexible way, based on minor theory, to adapt to all the phenomena that can occur globally. In any case, various spatial planes are proposed, dominated by specific socioeconomic processes on which the rural individual would move.

Exploring the place of spirituality in Canadian health promotion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Gerhardt-Strachan
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Commission Report ◽  
Social Environmental

Abstract The field of health promotion advocates a socioecological approach to health that addresses a variety of physical, social, environmental, political and cultural factors. Encouraging a holistic approach, health promotion examines many aspects of health and wellbeing, including physical, mental, sexual, community, social and ecological health. Despite this holism, there is a noticeable absence of discussion surrounding spirituality and spiritual health. This research study explored how leading scholars in Canadian health promotion understand the place of spirituality in health promotion. Using the fourth edition of Health Promotion in Canada (Rootman et al., 2017) as the sampling frame of recognized leaders in the field, 13 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with authors from the book. This study is situated within a critical health promotion approach that utilizes methodologies aiming for social justice, equity and ecological sustainability. I argue that by avoiding spirituality within health promotion frameworks and education, the secularism of health promotion and its underlying values of Eurocentric knowledge production and science remain invisible and rarely critiqued. This study intends to open up possibilities for centering spiritual and non-Western epistemologies and ways of knowing that have been marginalized, such as Indigenous understandings of health and wellbeing. Restoring right relations with Indigenous peoples in Canada has taken on new urgency with the calls to action of the Truth & Reconciliation Commission report (NCTR, 2015). This is one important way that health promotion can fulfill its promise of being inclusive, relevant and effective for human and planetary wellbeing.

How Far Scientific is Snakebite Prevention and First Aid Treatment in School Textbook?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-40
Author(s):  
Faiha Fairouz ◽  
Rumana Rashid ◽  
Abdullah Abu Sayeed
Keyword(s):  
Health Problem ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Elementary Science ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
The Subject ◽  
School Books

Background: Snakebite is an old health problem in rural areas. In Bangladesh, the snakebite issue is included in school syllabus, in curriculum since long time, so that people can take/get immediate first aid treatment and can prevent snakebite. The success of snakebite treatment depends more on providing first aid treatment immediately after snakebite by learning and by sending the patients quickly to hospital. Snakebite is a preventable health problem indeed. If it can be prevented the rate of snakebite will also decrease. In the recently published snake bite management Guideline by WHO it has been targeted to reduce 50% of mortality & disability due to snakebite by 2030.1 Methods: a. The snakebite topic or issue has been thoroughly reviewed in the secondary and higher secondary school books. b. National Guidelines on snakebite in providing/ giving first aid treatment has been reviewed.2 c. The correlation between the topic to learn the subject and the national guidelines have been reviewed and given taken into account. d. The similarity or correlation between the national guidelines and the topic in the prevention of snakebite in the book have been observed & reviewed. It was a descriptive/narrative research study. Results: In the book of class IV in Primary and Secondary level students, ‘Elementary Science, (‘Prathomiik Bigghan’) page no. 86 and in book of class VIII Home Science (‘Gharjhastha Biggan’) page no. 16 the Snakebite issue/topic is mentioned.2,3 There are 22 information on the first aid/primary treatment of Snakebite among which 5 (five) are nonscientific rather harmful. (Table & Picture) Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2020; 31(1) : 39-40

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