scholarly journals Sustainable Geographical Changes in Rural Areas: Key Paths, Orientations and Limits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2059
Author(s):  
Angel Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Rural Studies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rural Restructuring ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Rurality

Rural differentiation processes have formed the backbone of rural studies. Owing to the strength of rural–urban and local–global relationships, the theoretical approaches to rural restructuring in the Anglo-Saxon world and new rurality in Latin America only have a limited capacity to explain contemporary global phenomena of rural spaces. Due to this, transverse theoretical and methodological approaches have emerged to explain social, environmental and spatial (rural) processes. Here, a new approach is proposed called the individual–global field, based on the individual–global binary category to substitute the traditional relevance of the locality–community–globality association This new approach tries to reinvigorate rural geography in a more flexible way, based on minor theory, to adapt to all the phenomena that can occur globally. In any case, various spatial planes are proposed, dominated by specific socioeconomic processes on which the rural individual would move.

scholarly journals RURAL AREAS: THE ESSENCE OF THE CATEGORY AND INDICATORS OF ITS EVALUATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-227
Author(s):  
Daryna KOSTIUCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Security Indicators

The article deals with the scientific-theoretical approaches of scientists to the definition of “rural territories”. It is stated that the formulation will depend on the assessment of rural areas as a platform for economic, social, environmental, etc. development, methodological approaches to the diagnosis of its condition and the choice of management technologies to form an effective mechanism for rural development. The legal base on the interpretation of the concept of "rural territory" is analyzed and the assumption is made regarding the maximum population of the village. Based on the elaborated sources, the author defines the author's definition of the category "rural territories" as a complex, dynamic, open socio-ecological-economic system. As a result of the considered components of the complex analysis of the state of rural territories, the algorithm of study of rural territories and the main indicators characterizing the level of development of social infrastructure, the main blocks of integrated assessment of rural territories are identified. status and analysis of financial security. Indicators, indices and criteria by which scientists evaluate the level of rural development are analyzed. It has been established that a GDP index should be present in the development of a rural development index, but a set of indicators related to the individual and the environment should play a major role. The author proposes indicators that should be included in the integrated indicator of rural development, which are grouped into four components: economic, environmental, social and demographic. It is assumed that this approach will provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the phenomena and processes occurring in rural areas; will identify attractors of their development; identify areas that can be corrected and change the rural development masters.

scholarly journals Determination of parameters of the subject of labor forest preparation for the purpose of predicting the product out of the product at the stage of the rolls tree

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.С. Торопов ◽  
А.Н. Соловьев
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Determination Of Parameters

В данной статье рассматривается новый подход к проблеме прогнозирования выхода продукции из древесины еще на стадии валки деревьев. Проводится анализ научных трудов предыдущих лет по данной тематике, оцениваются методологические и теоретические подходы к аналитическому описанию формы образующих хлыстов и методов его оптимального раскроя. Рассматриваются достоинства и недостатки существующих методик, а также возможные пути их совершенствования. Авторы предлагают и теоретически обосновывают новый подход решения проблемы определения параметров предмета труда лесозаготовок с учетом индивидуальных природных особенностей реального древостоя. По мнению авторов, наиболее точным и целесообразным подходом к описанию предмета труда будет методология, основанная на естественном законе роста древостоя. В биологических науках при изучении роста живых организмов такой методологией является теория относительного роста. Биологическая суть явления относительного аллометрического роста состоит в том, что чаще всего отношение скорости роста разных организмов в онтогенезе остается постоянным, хотя абсолютные величины этих скоростей меняются. Применительно к древесным породам установлена возможность использования этого закона для выявления соотношений между линейными и объемными размерами деревьев и древостоев. В работе приведена структура математической модели определения параметров дерева на основе аллометрического метода. Приведены результаты расчетов, подтверждающие эффективность разработанной модели и достоверность результатов прогнозирования выхода продукции лесозаготовительных и деревоперерабатывающих производств до выполнения валки деревьев. This article discusses a new approach to the problem of predicting the output of products from wood at the stage of felling trees. The analysis of scientific papers of previous years on this subject is carried out, methodological and theoretical approaches are evaluated, the analytical forms described for the forms of the whips and the methods of their optimal cutting are evaluated. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing methods are considered as well as the possible ways of their improvement. The authors propose and theoretically justify a new approach to solving the problem of determining the parameters of the object of labor logging, taking into account the individual natural features of the real stand. According to the authors, the most accurate and expedient approach to the description of the subject of labor will be a methodology based on the natural law of growth of the stand. In the biological sciences, when studying the growth of living organisms, such a methodology is the theory of relative growth. The biological essense of the phenomenon of relative allometric growth is that most often the ratio of the growth rate of different organisms in onotogenesis remains constant, although the absolute values of these speeds vary. In relation to the absolute values of these tree species are established between the possibility of using this law to identify the ration of linear and volumetric sizes of trees and tree stands. The paper presents the structure of a mathematical model for determining a tree based on the allometric method. The efficiency of the developed model and the reliability of the results of forecasting the yield of production parameters are given, the calculation results confirming the logging and wood processing industries before felling trees.

scholarly journals Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of bases of formation of social activity of youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
E. V. Domashova ◽  
E. V. Blagovskaya ◽  
T. A. Gonohova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
General Characteristic ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Motivational Structure ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The article reveals the concepts of activity, youth, social activity. The paper notes great attention to young people, especially to the problems of young people, because youth is the most active age group, that can realize itself in all spheres of life: cultural, social, political etc. The authors notice that young people, more than other socio-demographic groups, are focused on raising their social status and on mastering new social roles. The article analyses theoretical approaches to the study of the foundations of the formation of social activity of young people: philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, and sociological. In addition, the paper notes availability of a huge number of author’s interpretations of the definition of «social activity». A common feature of the authors’ study of the phenomenon of activity is the presence of a purposeful, conscious, motivated impact of the personality on society. In addition, social activity is an integral part of the motivational structure of the individual. Based on the author’s interpretations of various scientists, the paper emphasizes the General characteristic of the definition of «social activity» – the presence of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of an individual’s social interaction with the surrounding world.

THE METHODS OF A RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF SPONTANEOUS SOCIALIZATION BASED ON NONCLASSICAL APPROACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Abashina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Subject Domain ◽  
Child Research ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Internet Environment ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Research Complex ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Individual

Relevance and statement of a problem. Now processes of socialization of younger generation undergo profound changes. They are characterized by transformation of space-time characteristics – narrowing of the field purposeful, expansion of processes of spontaneous socialization. At the same time the methodological approaches and methods of a research aimed at the analysis of the static phenomena applied in pedagogics become insufficient for a research of chaotic processes. There is a need for search of methodology and methods of a research within which the analysis of processes of spontaneous socialization of modern children and teenagers is possible. Research search shows that the solution of this task is possible on the basis of nonclassical methodological approach. Research objective: identification of opportunities of nonclassical methodology for a research of processes of spontaneous socialization of the modern child. Research problems: representation of the methods in logic of nonclassical methodology aimed at the analysis of these processes. Object and subject of research: the situation of development of the child which is characterized by experiences concerning the relations and readiness for an exception of social interaction in various spheres of activity and immersion in the Internet environment. Subject domain of a research: complex of the relations which are the cornerstone of purposeful and spontaneous socialization of the teenager. Research methodology - nonclassical (anthropological) approach. Research materials. In the course of work on a problem the research methods based mainly on the individual and communicative practicians aimed at the analysis of experiences and communication of the child were developed. Results of a research. The qualitative methods based nonclassical approach will allow to understand not only experiences of the child, but also as negative trends under what conditions they lead to break in relations and to search of significant network contacts that is under what conditions processes of purposeful socialization are weakened collect in his social situation of development, extend borders of socialization spontaneous.

PREPARING PUBLIC SERVANTS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: ARCHETYPAL APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Oleh Ivanovich Rohulskyi
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
German Model ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Individual

The article describes the main components of the institutional framework of an archetypical approach to public administration. It is determined that the system of preparation of public servants is based on a chain of universal foundations of archetype, in particular, it is influenced by the principle of formation of personnel in the public service, formed on the basis of public opinion. Based on two basic principles relating to admission to public service, three basic models of training civil servants in the European country are defined: German. French and Anglo-Saxon. We analyze each of the models and define the archetypes that influenced their formation and development. The advantages of each model are determined, in particular, the benefits are: the German model of training managers is the balancing between the theoretical knowledge and practical skills that a public servant receives during training, but as a disadvantage one can distinguish the orientation of preparation for legal orientation, which limits the ability to hold managerial positions for many employees The French model of professional training of public servants should include a well-balanced understanding of tasks, namely: decentralization and territorial organization of public services, communication, support of territorial communities, in-depth knowledge and understanding of the need for cooperation with institutions of the European Commonwealth, high-quality human resource management and orientation towards environmentally friendly innovations, such a model of training of public servants is holistic, costly and effective; The Anglo-Saxon model of training of public servants is its orientation towards the implementation of the concept of public administration and the individual approach to employee training, taking into account all the specifics of its activities, providing for the formation of personnel capable of solving specific problems. It is concluded that today in most European countries dominated by mixed models that include elements of different models.

Feminisation of Multidimensional Poverty in Rural Odisha

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Narayan Biswal ◽  
◽  
S. K. Mishra ◽  
M. K. Sarangi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Order Stochastic Dominance ◽  
The Individual

UNDP’s 2030 agenda of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasized gender equality in augmenting human capital and alleviating poverty. For eradication of extreme poverty and building resilience for persons who are vulnerable to poverty, SDGs calls for a pro-poor and gender-sensitive policy framework. In this context, a gender-based study on multi-dimensional aspects of poverty is highly significant. Extant literature reveals that females are more deprived in different dimensions of poverty such as education, health, living standard, empowerment, environment, autonomy and social relationship. The present study is conducted with the basic objective of examining feminization of poverty in rural areas of Jagatsinghapur district of Odisha. Seven socio-economic dimensions comprising sixteen indicators have been taken into consideration to construct the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) using the Alkire-Foster (AF) Method at the individual level. The novelty of the study lies in analyzing MPI at the individual level for rural Odisha. Higher female deprivation is observed across social groups and all occupation categories except services. Dummy variable regression analysis also supports the major findings of the study. Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function satisfies strict first-order stochastic dominance condition and substantiates the feminisation of poverty at each level of poverty cut-off across all social groups and occupational categories except for services. The findings of the study have significant implications for developing suitable policies for gender equalization and poverty alleviation.

In silico modeling of cellular probabilistic nanoparticle radiosensitization in head and neck cancers

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 2837-2850
Author(s):  
Myxuan Huynh ◽  
Ivan Kempson ◽  
Eva Bezak ◽  
Wendy Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
In Silico Modeling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dose Deposition ◽  
Therapy Treatment

Background: The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as radiosensitizers may offer a new approach in the treatment of head and neck cancers; minimizing treatment-associated toxicities and improving patient outcomes. AuNPs promote localized dose deposition; permitting improved local control and/or dose reduction. Aim: This work aimed to address the theoretical optimization of radiation doses, fractionation and nanoparticle injection schedules to maximize therapeutic benefits. Materials & methods: Probabilistic nanoparticle sensitization factors were incorporated into the individual cell-based HYP-RT computer model of tumor growth and radiotherapy. Results: Total dose outcomes across all radiation therapy treatment regimens were found to be significantly reduced with the presence of AuNPs, with bi-weekly injections showing the most decrease. Conclusion: Outcomes suggest the need for regular AuNP administration to permit effective radiosensitization.

Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy Volume 3

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The papers collected in this third volume of Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy illustrate the ways in which the field continues to broaden, taking on new methodological approaches and interacting with substantive theories from an ever wider array of disciplines. As the papers themselves clearly show, some recent research in experimental philosophy is going more deeply into well-established questions in the field, but at the same time, other strands of research are exploring issues that hardly appeared at all in the field even a few years ago. Thus, we see the introduction of new empirical and statistical methods (network analysis), new theoretical approaches (formal semantics), and the development of entirely new interdisciplinary connections (in the emerging field of “experimental jurisprudence”)

scholarly journals Individualized Hemodynamic Management in Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Marcell Virág ◽  
Tamas Leiner ◽  
Mate Rottler ◽  
Klementina Ocskay ◽  
Zsolt Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Overload ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Hemodynamic Management ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Hemodynamic Optimization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
Insight Into

Hemodynamic optimization remains the cornerstone of resuscitation in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock. Delay or inadequate management will inevitably lead to hypoperfusion, tissue hypoxia or edema, and fluid overload, leading eventually to multiple organ failure, seriously affecting outcomes. According to a large international survey (FENICE study), physicians frequently use inadequate indices to guide fluid management in intensive care units. Goal-directed and “restrictive” infusion strategies have been recommended by guidelines over “liberal” approaches for several years. Unfortunately, these “fixed regimen” treatment protocols neglect the patient’s individual needs, and what is shown to be beneficial for a given population may not be so for the individual patient. However, applying multimodal, contextualized, and personalized management could potentially overcome this problem. The aim of this review was to give an insight into the pathophysiological rationale and clinical application of this relatively new approach in the hemodynamic management of septic patients.

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