scholarly journals STATE FISCAL SPACE RESEARCH FORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Ērika Žubule ◽  
Anita Puzule
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Economic Interpretation ◽  
Government Operation ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fiscal Space ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Budgetary Expenditure

The scientific objective of the research is to carry out the country's fiscal space for the study of public finance policy affects the context of sustainable development. The selection and topicality of the research issue is justified by the fact that each country's sustainable development is affected by the government's policies. One of its main components is fiscal or budgetary policy. Traditionally, it is defined as the money required for setting revenue and expenditure policy that is needed to ensure the government operation, but the economic interpretation says it is the economy regulation system through taxes and government spending. It is emphasized that it is closely linked with the state's role in the redistribution of society profits, determining the state budget's proportion in the gross domestic product, defining objectives for the common tax burden, budgetary expenditure, allowable deficit, volume, and structure of the government debt. In addition, the concept of “fiscal space” correlating with application of the fiscal policy measures becomes topical. Thus, the government is able to influence income of both the society generally and certain groups of residents, their purchasing power and impact on economic development in general. It defines the need of concept fiscal space.

scholarly journals GLOBAL ENERGY SECURITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Envarbik M. Fazelianov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Entire Energy ◽  
Global Nature ◽  
The Common ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
Further Development

This article analyzes the problem of energy security as a factor of global sustainable development. The energy sector faces new challenges, as well as expanding opportunities for both developed and developing countries. The global nature of energy security increasingly requires the formation of an international energy strategy that allows us to look into the common energy future, and the further development of a broad dialogue on energy issues between various countries and relevant international organizations. The relevance of this article is of interest to the entire energy community. The problem and the main components of energy security are in the field of view of summits, attract the attention of various international forums, and its solution is interlinked with sustainable development, climate change and the environment.

ASSESSING PREFERENCES FOR COMPENSATION PACKAGES USING THE DISCRETE CHOICE METHOD: THE CASE OF THE BOLSA FLORESTA PROGRAM IN AMAZONAS, BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350021
Author(s):  
ESSAM YASSIN MOHAMMED ◽  
INA PORRAS ◽  
MARYANNE GRIEG-GRAN ◽  
LUIZA LIMA ◽  
AFRIANO SOARES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Voluntary Program ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Choice Method

Natural ecosystems, including forest ecosystems, continue to be degraded or converted at an alarming rate. To complement or substitute regulatory approaches to ecosystem management, market-based instruments such as "payments for ecosystem services" (PES) have been introduced and are gaining popularity. One of the prominent PES schemes in the world is the Bolsa Floresta Program (BFP) in the State of Amazonas, Brazil. The BFP was established by the Government of the State of Amazonas through its Secretariat for Environment and Sustainable Development in 2006 and is implemented by the Amazonas Sustainable Foundation. The BFP, which is a voluntary program to reduce deforestation and promote sustainable development by rewarding the communities for changing their land use practices, has four main components: the Bolsa Floresta Income; Bolsa Floresta Social; Bolsa Floresta Family; and Bolsa Floresta Association. A study was conducted to assess the preferences of the participating households in three reserves, namely: Rio Negro, Juma, and Uatumã, for different payment packages with varying combinations of the bolsas relative to the status quo option. The discrete choice method and an open ended question format were used to elicit the preferences of the participant households. The discrete choice model results showed that the majority of the respondents (about 80 per cent) in the three reserves chose an alternative which offered a 20 per cent increase in direct cash payments to households as their most preferred alternative. On the other hand, the majority of respondents who were subjected to open question stated that they would like to see an increase in benefits that fall under the Bolsa Floresta Social category.

scholarly journals Social innovation in traditional Norway: background and features

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
I.S. Balanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Bright Green ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Common Future ◽  
The Ideal

When we hear someone say “Norway”, in the imagination immediately emerges pictures of the ideal world: fairytale houses, bright green grass, picturesque nature, incredible fjords and wealthy and happy people. All in all, the above is the case in traditional Norway. This northwestern kingdom is perhaps the only state of its kind in which economic and political reforms are perfectly combined with social change and the evolutionary stages of civil society, giving what we now call the “ideal of socialism” model. However, it is quite obvious that the path to such a model was quite difficult; the Norwegians received their “ideal” state, through a total restructuring of their own consciousness, the creation of a unique system of upbringing of the younger generation, the belief in the common future of every Norwegian, which is both unique for each and for all. It is harder for a person who is not accustomed to hearing such postulates and, moreover, to live by following them, to grasp the whole content of these ideas. However, to make it easier to understand, there is only one fact: the gap between the very rich and the very poor in Norway is the lowest in the world. However, in Norway there is no such thing as “very poor”. Like the “very rich” by the way. Every Norwegian lives in the community, following the ten so-called “Yanté laws”, according to which “you, as an individual, do not exist; there is only a collective organism”. And as in every normal healthy organism, all the components cooperate together for the sake of further health of that organism. Amazingly? Yes. Radically? Yes. But does it work? Yes. Following this logic, the Norwegians have built a practically ideal place where all migrants and the needy want to live. Norway has become a kind of “Eldorado” for residents of third and, what to hide, second world countries. The author suggests in this study to familiarize with the main components of Norwegian “ideal socialism”, the preconditions that prompted the government to move in one way or another, as well as to list some of the most significant socially oriented innovative projects in Norway.

scholarly journals Components for Measuring the Efficiency of the Intervention Measures to Support Business, Initiated and Implemented by the Government of Lithuania during the First Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Jelena Nikolajenko ◽  
Rasa Viederytė ◽  
Agnė Šneiderienė ◽  
Ignas Aničas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Main Components

A lockdown is a set of restrictive actions, in the implementation of which countries face a case of chain reaction: In order to protect human lives and health, the states, due to imbalances in fiscal and monetary policies caused by uncollected planned revenues and unplanned excessive budget expenditures, experience a socio-economic recession. The current paper focuses on the first lockdown implemented in Lithuania to control the spread of COVID-19, which took place from 16 March, 2020 until 16 June, 2020. The main object of the paper is the components that defined the efficiency of the government intervention measures intended to support businesses affected by the first lockdown regime. By generating the mentioned components, we followed the principle of the philosophy of sustainable development: the interdependence of economic, social, environmental, and institutional elements; coherence; and sustainable development. Efficiency is the art of choice, where it is necessary to anticipate the final aim, resulting in maximum benefit from the arrangement of the available limited resources. However, in order to measure the effectiveness of government interventions, we were faced with differences in interpretations of the measurement of the effectiveness of policy decisions. In the course of the research, after analysing secondary data, we identified and, by means of modelling techniques, visualised the main components to estimate the efficiency of the government intervention measures. The theoretical model demonstrated that economic instruments—volume, price, time, transparency, and results—defined the efficiency of their implementation.

EVALUATION OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE PLANNING METHODS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 537-547
Author(s):  
Ērika Žubule
Keyword(s):  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Economic Interpretation ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Finance Theory

The topicality of the research problem is justified by the fact that each country's sustainable development is affected by the government's policies. One of its main components is a fiscal or budgetary policy. Traditionally, it is defined as the money required for making a revenue and expenditure policy that is needed to ensure the government’s functioning, but the economic interpretation says it is the economy regulation system through taxes and government spending.In the finance theory and practice, great attention is paid to the part of expenses, saying that the most efficient budget reforms are possible in the area of government expenses.  It is emphasized that the diminishing of state expenses is possible already in the process of budget planning by increasing the reliability of users of budget funds. The state`s finance practice offers several models reflecting problems in the sphere of planning budget expenses. The aim of the research – to evaluate methods of planning government budget expenses used in the state`s finance practice and identify the figures of their efficiency, their problems and suggesting possible solutions.

ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1656
Author(s):  
E.M. Chernenko ◽  
◽  
I.S. Lebedeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components

Human capital is the basis of economic growth in modern Russia. One of the results of the work of the Government of the Russian Federation to achieve the goals and objectives of sustainable development, fixed in the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development for the period up to 2030, was their inclusion in the main strategic and program documents. The basic concept of national goals and strategic objectives of the country is an orientation towards a post-industrial economy in which the main socio-economic advantages of Russia in the global economy lie in the area of human capital. The article discusses approaches to the definition of “human capital”. The authors consider the human capital of the region as a set of human resources concentrated in its territory and possessing professional skills and knowledge, as well as health status and labor motivation. It was revealed that such peculiarity of the region as its agro-industrial orientation provides a significant contribution of agriculture to its economy, but at the same time requires increased attention to the human capital. The three main components of the region’s potential (income, longevity and education) should be the priority areas for public investment. The article presents a comparative assessment of the human capital of the Krasnodar Territory and other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The disadvantages of using the methodology for calculating the human development index are revealed, in particular the imbalance of individual components of the index when assessing regions. The authors found that the human capital of the country largely depends on the human capital of the industries that ensure the population’s life quality. An indicator of an effective connection between the economy and health care is the improvement in the quality of life of the population and, as a consequence, the potential of the region.

scholarly journals DO INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL REFORMS MATTER TO CUSTOMS COLLECTION? EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Rifa'i
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components

Sustainable development requires resources that are not small, especially in terms of funding. The government has always tried to maintain the state revenue post as a form of business to become a sovereign state through financing strategic projects through state revenues. Customs and Excise is one of the main components that are a source of development funding. Several issues related to reform in the government sector were carried out to improve the management of the country including in order to increase customs and excise revenues. This research focuses on analyzing the issue of reform which has become the spirit of the government in collecting customs and excise. The model used in this study is the Error Correction Model (ECM). Based on empirical results show that several institutional and political reform proxies play an important role in increasing customs and excise revenues. In addition, several issues for further research in the future are delivered to further refine the analysis.

REGULATION URGENCY CONCERNING ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTION GUIDELINES IN SPACE ADMINISTRATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhmat Bowo Suharto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Administrative Sanction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

The spatial development can be supported by sustainable development, efforts are needed to divert space through the imposition of sanctions on administration in the spatial field. In the context of a legal state, sanctions must be taken while ensuring their legality in order to provide legal protection for citizens. The problem is, the construction of administrative regulations in Law No. 26 of 2007 and PP No. 15 of 2010 contains several weaknesses so that it is not enough to provide clear arrangements for administrative officials who impose sanctions. For this reason, an administration is required which requires administrative officials to request administrative approval in the spatial planning sector. The success of the regulation requires that it is the foundation of the welfare state principle which demands the government to activate people's welfare. 15 of 2010, the main things that need to be regulated therein should include (1) the mechanism of imposing sanctions: (2) determination of the type and burden of sanctions; and (3) legal protection and supervision by the region.

Shared services beyond sourcing the back offices: Organizational design

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Shouhong Wang ◽  
Hai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Shared Services ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Shared Service ◽  
Strategy Identification ◽  
The Government ◽  
Partnership Network

Shared services have been widely spread in the government and private sectors. Unlike outsourcing, shared service is the standardization and consolidation of common functions across the multiple organizations to reduce information process duplication and increase information and knowledge sharing. Shared services should be viewed less as a phenomenon of cost saving and more as a challenge of organization redesign. Five general leading theories of organizational design are examined in the perspective of shared services. A quasi-general organizational design approach is proposed specifically for shared services projects. The proposed approach emphasizes the organizational support for the shared services strategy identification, collaborative partnership network design, optimal shared services process design, and policy and regulation system design.

scholarly journals Humanitarian crisis and sustainable development: perspectives and preferences of internally displaced persons in the northeastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muazu Shehu ◽  
Adamu Abba
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Durable Solutions ◽  
Local Integration ◽  
The Government ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractThis study seeks to contribute to the knowledge of linkages between humanitarian actions in conflict situations and sustainable development. We analysed data generated from qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with encamped and self-settled internally displaced victims (IDPs) of the Boko Haram insurgency in the northeastern Nigeria. Our analysis searched for themes that summarise their preferences and desires of durable solutions. Overall, the majority of the IDPs were more inclined to local integration or resettlement than return. More than males, female IDPs were likely to cite personal experience of violence as a reason for rejecting voluntary repatriation. Feelings of vulnerability, experience of violence and hope of economic and social empowerment were major reasons given in support of local integration or resettlement. Self-settled IDPs are more disposed to returning to their places of origin than encamped IDPs. The need to rebuild livelihoods and restore social and community networks were the major factors participants associated with the choice of return. Beliefs in divine destiny, lack of trust and confidence in the government were dominant views expressed by participants who were indifferent about durable solutions. There is a sense that cultural androcentric norms which give men the power to make decisions for the family shape decision-making even in emergency situations. We conclude that, regardless of their preferences about durable solutions, IDPs have long-term needs that can only be provided if humanitarian actions are integrated into the overall development agenda and programmes of governments.

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