scholarly journals Exclusión residencial de la población indígena urbana en la región noroeste de la República Argentina / Residential exclusion of the urban indigenous population in the northwestern region of the Argentine Republic

Ería ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Ana Ester Batista Zamora ◽  
Juan José Natera Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Argentine Republic ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Nous Examinons ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Population Indigène

A partir de la información del Censo de Población, Viviendas y Hogares de 2010, indagamos acerca de los niveles de exclusión residencial de la población indígena urbana de la región noroeste de la República Argentina, comparándolos con los correspondientes a la población no indígena. Los resultados indican que los niveles de exclusión residencial de los primeros son peores, empeorando la situación en los departamentos donde se localizan los principales centros urbanos.À partir des données du Recensement de la Population de 2010, nous examinons les niveaux d’exclusion résidentielle qui touchent la population indigène urbaine de la région nord-ouest de la République argentine, en les comparant à ceux correspondant à la population non indigène. Les résultats indiquent que les niveaux d’exclusion résidentielle des premiers sont pires, ce qui aggrave la situation dans les départements où sont situés les principaux centres urbains.Using information from the 2010 Population Census, the levels of residential exclusion affecting the urban indigenous population from Northwest region of the Argentine Republic are examined, comparing them with those corresponding to the non-indigenous population. The results indicate that the levels of residential exclusion of the former are worse, aggravating the situation in the departments where the main urban centers are located.

scholarly journals Determinantes de la adopción de estándares en el subsector hortícola del Noroeste de México.

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Martínez R. ◽  
Belem Avendaño R. ◽  
Ana Acosta M.
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Northwest Region

<p>La producción de hortalizas en la región Noroeste de México es una actividad económica relevante, lo cual se atribuye a factores naturales como el clima, calidad de los suelos y la cercanía al mercado de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. Es evidente la creación de ventajas competitivas mediante la diferenciación del producto, por su calidad, a través de la aplicación de normas. La adopción de estándares es una práctica generalizada, sin embargo no está cuantificado el rol de las instituciones en estos procesos y su contribución a aumentar o inhibir los niveles de adopción de los mismos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los factores que mas influyen en la implementación de grados y estándares en el sector hortícola en la región noroeste de México. Para la medición de la adopción se utilizó un modelo logit que permite determinar el efecto de las variables del entorno microeconómico que incide en la adopción de estándares. Se concluye que los cambios en los sistemas de producción mediante la aplicación de buenas prácticas agrícolas y las organizaciones de productores con actividades de capacitación, seguimiento y acompañamiento son lo que han contribuido en mayor forma al proceso de adopción de estándares por parte de las empresas productoras de hortalizas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Determinants of the adoption of standards in the horticulture subsector of Northwestern Mexico.</strong></p><p>Vegetable production in the northwestern region of Mexico is an important economic activity; this is attributed to natural factors such as climate, soil quality, and proximity to the U.S. market. Clearly, the creation of competitive advantages gained by product differentiation, while maintaining quality, is extremely important and can be achieved through the application of standards. The adoption of standards is widespread; however, the role of institutions in these processes and their contribution to enhancing or inhibiting levels of implementation has not yet been quantified. The aim of this paper is to analyze the factors that most influence the execution of grades and standards in the horticultural industry in the northwest region of Mexico. Implementation levels were measured using a logit model that determined the effect of microenvironmental variables on them. The paper concludes that changes in production systems through the application of good agricultural practices and changes in organizations through training, monitoring, and support are what have helped companies that produce vegetables adopt and implement more standards.</p>

scholarly journals Geographical Concentration of Knowledge- and Technology-Intensive Industries and City Innovation in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang Qi ◽  
Shenghe Liu ◽  
Wei Qi ◽  
Zhen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Geographical Concentration ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Economic transformation and re-industrialization constantly change the geographical landscape of knowledge- and technology-intensive industries (KTI) globally, and the role of KTI agglomeration in city innovation is becoming increasingly decisive. Based on the employment data with a two-digit code in China’s 2010 Population Census, this paper compares the spatial difference between absolute and relative concentration of knowledge-intensive business service (KIBS) and technology-intensive manufacturing (TIM) in prefecture-level units, and interprets the diverse impact of KIBS and TIM specialisation on innovation in 286 prefecture-level cities. Results indicate that KIBS is concentrated mainly in the provincial capital cities, while the level of KIBS specialisation exceeds the national average in some border cities of the northwestern region and resource-based cities of the northeastern region. Unlike KIBS, TIM is highly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing–Tianjin and Shandong Peninsula urban agglomerations. KIBS specialisation matters more in boosting city innovation than does TIM specialisation, and TIM specialization exerts a significant positive spatial spillover effect on city innovation. Our empirical results could be considered by policy-makers for the development of KTI and the promotion of city innovation.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence estimate and associated risk factors for neosporosis in dairy cattle in the northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carvalho Gindri ◽  
Bruna Mion ◽  
Jorgea Pradieé ◽  
Tatiane Senna Bialves ◽  
Guilherme Nunes de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Northwest Region

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to estimate neosporosis seroprevalence and its associated risk factors in milk herds (Bos taurus taurus) located in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Three hundred twenty-two blood samples were collected from dairy cows on 18 farms in 17 cities of this region. An epidemiologic questionnaire was completed for each farm. It consisted of questions about the general characteristics of the herd, reproduction, and animal management. Serum samples were tested for Neospora caninum using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Results indicated a seroprevalence of Neospora in 88.9% (16/18) of herds and 31.1% (100/322) of individuals. Risk factor analyses demonstrated that culling by reproductive disorder (OR = 0.6), flooding (OR = 0.5), and commercial sale (OR = 0.4) were associated with seroprevalence. Nevertheless, the purchase of replacement animals in the herd played an important role in disease occurrence (OR = 2.2). Results of this study suggested that Neospora caninum was present in the studied herds under investigation and that there are risk factors associated with its seroprevalence on the farms of the northwestern of Rio Grande do Sul.

Use of nitrogen as a tool for the study of the trophic state of vulnerable coastal ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Camacho-Cruz ◽  
Nestor Rey-Villiers ◽  
Diana Medina-Contreras ◽  
Paula Gonzalez-Jones ◽  
Fernando Arenas-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Trophic Dynamics ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
A Value ◽  
Mangrove Wetlands ◽  
Mexican Caribbean ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Wastewater Pollution ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

&lt;p&gt;Concentration and flux of nitrogen in mangrove wetlands and coral reefs are modified by chemical and hydrodynamic mechanisms determined by natural and anthropic factors. Nearby anthropic activities impact ecosystems making them vulnerable, mainly due to nutrient flow increase which modifies biogeochemical cycles and trophic dynamics. Here, spatial-temporal variability of N in three tropical coastal ecosystems under different levels of anthropic pressure were studied; 1) trophic dynamics of mangroves in the Colombian Pacific using stable isotopes (&amp;#948;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;C, &amp;#948;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;N); 2) quantification of &amp;#948;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;N in octocorals from the northwestern region of Cuba as an indicator of wastewater pollution, and 3) determination of the trophic status of coastal and continental sites in the Mexican Caribbean using Karidy&amp;#8217;s index and CE-CCA-001-89. In the mangrove food web, a value of 5 &amp;#8240; for &amp;#948;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;N was found, principally in systems with modified trophic structures close to tourist and urban centers. In octocorals, &amp;#948;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;N was significantly higher in reefs close to polluted river basins, evidencing a positive and significant correlation with the concentration of fecal and total coliforms, fecal streptococci, heterotrophic and sulfate-reducing bacteria. The nutrients analyzed in the Mexican Caribbean, exceeded the permissible limit for the protection of marine life, with Karidy&amp;#8217;s index suggesting in some sites concentrations of nitrates in a mesotrophic and eutrophic state, principally during the months of highest tourist influx. The results confirm the effect and vulnerability of these ecosystems towards anthropic N, which could result in a reduction of ecosystem services and diversity.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Resignificación de la Región Sierra de Tabasco a partir de elementos históricos y políticas públicas de etnicidad

2020 ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Felipe Javier Galán López ◽  
Sergio Iván Navarro Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Politiques Publiques ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Politica Educativa ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Groupes Ethniques ◽  
Population Indigène ◽  
Groupes De Population ◽  
Over Time

La Región de la Sierra de Tabasco cuenta con grupos de población indígena ch’ol y zoque de gran importancia para la configuración del territorio, la cual tiene que ver con límites políticos en un largo proceso histórico. Este ensayo analiza la conformación histórico-cultural de la zona, resaltando los elementos de identidad étnica y estableciendo la diferencia, principalmente, entre la región instrumental y la ontológica. El trabajo examina también la política educativa indigenista de aculturación que, durante el siglo xx, influyó en la definición de estos grupos étnicos en el área de estudio, frente a un proceso en el cual se impuso un imaginario de identidad relacionada con el mundo olmeca. Los procesos temporales presentados en este estudio llevan a identificar a la región como producto de un proceso contradictorio determinado por elementos mezclados, a lo largo del tiempo, en dinámicas yuxtapuestas.Palabras clave: Etnicidad, Identidad, Indigenismo, Territorio, PolíticasResignification of the Sierra de Tabasco Region based on historical elements and public policies of ethnicityAbstractThe Sierra de Tabasco Region has Ch’ol and Zoque indigenous population groups of great importance for the configuration of the territory, which has to do with political limits in a long historical process. This essay analyzes the historical and cultural conformation of the area, highlighting the elements of ethnic identity and establishing the difference, mainly, between the instrumental and the ontological region. The work also examines the indigenist educational policy of acculturation that, during the 20th century, influenced the definition of these ethnic groups in the area of study, faced with a process in which an imaginary of identity related to the Olmec world was imposed. The temporal processes presented in this study lead to identifying the region as the product of a contradictory process shaped by a mixture of elements over time in juxtaposed dynamics.Key words: Ethnicity, Identity, Indigenism, Territory, PoliticsResignification de la Région Sierra de Tabasco à partir d’éléments historiques et de politiques publiques d’ethnicitéRésuméLa Région de la Sierra de Tabasco dispose de groupes de population indigène ch’ol et zoque de grande importance pour la configuration du territoire, laquelle implique des limites politiques dans un long procès historique. Cet essai analyse la conformation historique-culturelle de la zone, en mettant l’accent sur les éléments d’identité ethnique et en établissant la différence, principalement, entre la région instrumentale et l’ontologique. Le travail examine aussi la politique éducative indigéniste d’acculturation qui, pendant le XXe. Siècle, a influencé dans la définition de ces groupes ethniques dans l’axe d’étude, face à un procès dans lequel un imaginaire d’identité s’est imposé en relation avec le monde olmèque. Les procès temporels présentés dans cette étude emmènent à identifier la région comme produit d’un procès contradictoire déterminé par d’éléments mélangés  au cours du temps dans de dynamiques juxtaposées.Mots clé : Ethnicité, Identité, Indigénisme, Territoire, Politiques

Sound, Technology, and Culture in French Indochina

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Lonán Ó Briain
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
French Empire ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sound Reproduction Technologies ◽  
Cultural Colonialism ◽  
Sound Technology

In the 1920s, European radio enthusiasts organized clubs in Hanoi, Saigon, Hai Phong, Vientiane, and Phnom Penh. Periodicals and letters from the time provide insights on this burgeoning amateur radio culture. Members shared experiences, debated the potential of the technology, and used radio to broadcast records of music, story-telling, and other forms of light entertainment. Chapter 1 examines how these radio clubs were established in the urban centers of French Indochina and how they impacted cultural life in the colonial territories. The chapter begins with a consideration of cultural colonialism, broadcasting technology, and music in the French Empire. Archival sources provide evidence on the styles of music and recording technologies in circulation in early twentieth-century mainland Southeast Asia, when telegraphy, phonograph recordings and radio broadcasts informed the social construction of state and empire. Exclusive membership regulations of the Indochinese radio clubs, which restricted most of the indigenous population, were undermined during the Japanese occupation (1940–45). And the Japanese promotion of a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Dai Tōa Kyōeiken) followed by a famine in 1944–45 fomented unrest among the indigenous population. During the August Revolution of 1945, the Viet Minh and other insurrectionaries commandeered these sound reproduction technologies to broadcast news of their uprising.

scholarly journals Vegetative Development and Productivity of the Watermelon under Different Irrigation Depths in the Northwest Region of Espírito Santo

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Elio José Dos Santos ◽  
Francielly Valani ◽  
Vinicius De Souza Oliveira ◽  
Sheila Cristina Prucoli Posse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Northwest Region

Brazil is one of the main producers of watermelon crops (Citrullus lanatus), which present great water requirement and offer in their irrigated cultivation, when well managed, the possibility of productive gains and fruit quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and the vegetative development of the plant and the watermelon fruits of the ‘Top Gun’ cultivar submitted to different irrigation depths in the Northwestern region of Espírito Santo. The experiment was carried out in the horticulture sector of the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo-Campus Itapina, from September 30, 2017 to December 15, 2017. A completely randomized design was used consisting of six treatments corresponding to 50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, 150% and 175% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) calculated daily, with four repetitions of each treatment. The length of the branches of all the selected plants and the longitudinal and transverse lengths of their fruits were evaluated weekly. In the last analysis, the fruit weight was also collected and the productivity was estimated. Development and differentiated production responses were verified with the different depths applied. Water replacements corresponding to the 125% ETo leaf gave the best vegetative and productive development of the watermelon ‘Top Gun’ cultivar, cultivated in the northwestern region of Espírito Santo.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis in equines in the northwest region of Paraná

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Filipe Corrêa Pacheco ◽  
Maria Augusta Dorigan Bondezan ◽  
Ulisses de Pádua Pereira ◽  
Roberta Torres Chiderolli ◽  
Lucienne Garcia Pretto-Giordano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Northwest Region

Leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis are diseases that may affect man and domestic and wild animals. They also have wide geographical distributions and thus cause large public health issues. The objective of the current study was to conduct leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis seroepidemiology in horses used for animal traction in small rural propertiesof the municipality of Umuarama, in northwest region of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 312 horses from 87 small farms. Microscopic agglutination tests (MAT) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) analysis were performed on sera to detect leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis, respectively. These were performed in conjunction with an epidemiological questionnaire. The MAT results included 180 (57.69%) samples that were considered reactive with titers between 100 and 12800 for one or more serovars. Thirty-three (10.57%) samples subjected to IIF were considered reactive, with titers ranging between 64 and 1024. From the analyzed variables, contact with wild animals (p= 0.012) and animal exchange between properties (p = 0.004) were associated with toxoplasma infection. The study revealed that horses in the northwestern region of Paraná were exposed to Leptospira spp. and Toxoplasma gondii, with an insignificant implication of the animals’ clinical condition; however, since it is possible for animals to transmit infection to other animals as well as humans via the intermittent shedding of leptospires through urine into the environment, it may be considered a problem of one health. As for the presence of T. gondii antibodies, these horses played the role of sentinel of the infection. Environmental sanitation measures, serological studies of herds, control of rodents and felids on properties, and the dissemination of information about these diseases are relevant for disease control at the study site.

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