scholarly journals Analysis of the cellular immunity status in patients with pathological placentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Edvard A. Berg ◽  
Alfiya G. Yashchuk ◽  
Il’nur I. Musin ◽  
Raisa A. Naftulovich ◽  
Elena M. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

AIM: The study aimed to investigate the cellular immunity in patients with placental disposition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study analyzed birth histories and clinical and laboratory parameters of 10 patients with placental disposition. The cellular immunity status was determined by analyzing lymphocytes with a cluster of differentiation (CD), including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+56, CD3-СD8+, TNK, and CD38+8+. Obtained data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Patients were 32.0 (29.0; 36.0) years old. As regards reproductive history, 60.0% had a history of three pregnancies, 20% had two pregnancies, 10% had their first pregnancy, and 10% had their fourth pregnancy. Moreover, placenta dispositions most often occurred at the second pregnancy in 70.0%, at the third pregnancy in 20.0%, and first pregnancy in 10%. In terms of cell immunity in comparison with normal indicators, the relative number of natural killer cells (CD16+56+), including activated CD3-СD8+, tended to increase. A relative increase in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (СD8+) was found against the background of lower number of T-helper cells, along with general immunodeficiency (immunoregulatory index in the absolute number of women was less than 1.5). CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation of cellular immunity in women with placental pathology is relevant to detect additional pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of obstetric complications.

Immune Response in Patients with Mandibular Fracture Complicated with Suppuration of a Bone Wound

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M.P. Komskyi ◽  
Y.G. Romanenko
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandible Fracture ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Reduced Parameters

Modern clinical observations focused on the increasing complications at the open mandible fracture, which indicated about severe immune suppression in patients with this pathology. For estimation cellular immunity in a peripheral blood there were examined 25 patients in basic group (15 men, 10 women) with mandible fracture, complicated with abscess of a bone wound; control group included 20 practically healthy persons (10 men and 10 women). To assess cellular immunity in the peripheral blood were determined: absolute number of leukocytes, relative amount of lymphocytes; phagocytic activity. Determination relative number of T–lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+, СD3+) and B – lymphocytes (phenotype СD22+) was performed by method of immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies. In a case of mandible fracture, complicated with abscess of bone wound and leukocytosis, in the patients were reduced parameters of cellular immunity: on 40.3% – phagocytic index, on 47.7% – phagocytic number, on 43.9% – content of CD2+– and CD3+– lymphocytes. Content of null cells was increased on 76.8 %

scholarly journals CLINICO-LABORATORY INDICES CHARACTERIZING THE IMMUNE SYSTEM OF CHICKENPOX PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Yu. S Kalinina ◽  
A. A Savchenko ◽  
I. V Kudryavtsev ◽  
Elena P. Tikhonova ◽  
A. G Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
Declining Populations

The aim of the study was the evaluation of the function of the immune system in chicken pox patients based on clinical and laboratory data. There were examined 75 patients. The study on phenotypic composition of cells in innate immunity was executed with the method of flow cytometry. A detailed study of the immune system in chickenpox patients revealed the alteration in the composition of the subpopulation of T-lymphocytes, with declining populations of T-helper cells, namely, the lowering of relative and absolute number of CD3+ CD4+ and an increase in the relative number of CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes, which is indicative of immunosuppression. No changes according to the number of NK cells, which must actively respond to viral infection (the final stage of activation of cell growth with an increase in their number in peripheral blood). The absence of their increase is indicative of the irresponsive immunity in chickenpox patients

scholarly journals Influence of focal infection on the immune status of psoriasis patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
A. V. Patrushev ◽  
A. V. Samtsov ◽  
V. Yu. Nikitin ◽  
A. V. Sukharev ◽  
A. M. Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Group 2

Objective: to study the influence of focal infection on the immune status of patients with psoriasis.Materials and methods. 30 patients with psoriasis aged 19 to 61 years (21 people — plaque psoriasis, 9 people — psoriasis guttata) were examined, which were divided into 2 groups. The first group — with the diagnosed of focal infection (18 people), the second group — without the presence of focal infection (12 people). The control group consisted of 15 healthy individuals admitted to the clinic for the removal of benign skin tumors. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical, instrumental and laboratory examination, as well as an immunogram. Determination of lymphocyte subpopulations was carried out on a flow cytometer “Cytom - ics FC500” by Beckman Coulter using various combinations of direct monoclonal antibodies and isotopic controls. The groups were compared using nonparametric Mann — Whitney test, the differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.Results. The absence of significant quantitative changes in the main and small subpopulations of T- and В-lymphocytes in both groups of patients with psoriasis was shown. At the same time, the group of patients with psoriasis and focal infection, was characterized by an increase in the relative number of T-lymphocytes (p = 0.034) and T-helpers (p = 0.012), the relative and absolute number of activated CD3+HLA-DR+cells (p = 0.028 and 0.036, respectively), as well as a decrease in regulatory T-helper (p = 0.031). Subpopulation of CLA+CD3+-lymphocytes tropic to the skin in comparison with control was increased both in the first (p = 0.016) and second (p = 0.044) groups. Also, patients with psoriasis differed from healthy individuals by increasing the number of memory T-cells (p = 0.049 for group 1, p = 0.003 for group 2).Conclusion. Existing focal infection in psoriasis patients lead to an imbalance in the content of individual lymphocyte subpopulations: an increase in the relative number of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+HLA-DR+ cells, as well as a decrease in regulatory T-helper. These changes can lead to a long course of the disease and a reduction in remission periods.

scholarly journals THE CONDITION OF CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHROSIS BEFORE AND AFTER ENDOPROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
S V Belova ◽  
E V Gladkova ◽  
V Yu Ulyanov ◽  
R A Zubavlenko ◽  
V V Blinnikova
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Endoprosthesis Implantation

Impairments of immune system are an important mechanism of the degenerative dystrophic processes in the arthral tissues onset and development.The objective of this research was to study the cellular immunity condition in patients with osteoarthrosis before and after endoprosthesis implantation. The research methods included immunophenotyping of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. The immunologic impairments before the surgery referred to change in T-cell immunity reflecting in the imbalance of immunoregulatory subpopulations (decrease of T-suppressor level and increase of T-helper content). At that the number of NK-cells rose which didn’t exclude a possible connection with the cartilage tissue degradation impurities on the background of B-cell number decrease. During the post-surgery period the decrease in T-helper and T-suppressor numbers was detected which may be related to their migration to implantation area due to the decrease of their number in the systemic circulation, at that no significant changes in T-lymphocytes were observed. By contrast, there was a decrease of NK-cell number at higher level of B-cell number showing an adequate response of the bodies for surgery aggression. The results of immunological research are worth being taken into account when preparing patients for endoprosthesis implantation surgery for the purpose of prescribing the immune-correcting drugs for pre-existing impairments of cellular immunity as well as in the post-surgery period to relieve the effects of surgical interference aggravating the impairments in this population of patients.

scholarly journals Vaccination Against Diphtheria and Tetanus as a Way to Activate Adaptive Immunity in Children with Solid Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Petrovich Kostinov ◽  
Nelli Kimovna Akhmatova ◽  
Svetlana Victorovna Karpocheva ◽  
Anna Egorovna Vlasenko ◽  
Valentina Borisovna Polishchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulation ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
History Of

Early studies on vaccination of children with oncological diseases were only dedicated to the assessment of safety and immunogenicity of the drug. Mechanisms of the post-vaccination immune response were not investigated. This study involved 41 patients aged 7-15 years who were treated for solid tumors two or more years ago. Of these, 26 were vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus with ADS-m toxoid. Fifteen children (i.e., controls) were not vaccinated. The vaccination tolerability and clinical characteristics of the underlying disease remission ware assessed. Lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated over time by flow cytometry at 1, 6, and 12 months. IgG anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus toxoids levels were assessed by ELISA. Within the first day of the post-vaccination period, two (7.7%) children demonstrated moderate local reactions and increased body temperature (up to 38.0°C). Relapse and metastasis were not mentioned within a year after immunization. An increase in concentration of IgG antibodies, maintained for 12 months, were noted [2.1 (1.3-3.4) IU/ml against diphtheria (p &lt;0.001), 6.4 (2.3-9.7) IU/ml against tetanus (p &lt;0.001)]. In contrast to healthy children, those with a history of cancer demonstrated a decrease in the relative number of mature T lymphocytes, as well as in absolute number of cytotoxic T cells and B lymphocytes. In a month after the revaccination, a significant increase in absolute (p = 0.04) and relative (p = 0.007) numbers of T lymphocytes and T helpers was revealed. In a year, these values decreased to baseline levels. As for helpers, they decreased below baseline and control values (p = 0.004). In a year after the vaccination, there was a significant (p = 0.05) increase in lymphocyte level with a decrease in the number of NK cells and B cells as compared with controls. Revaccination against diphtheria and tetanus promoted proliferation of a total lymphocytic cell pool along with restoration of the T lymphocyte subpopulation in children with a history of solid tumors. The ADS-m toxoid has a certain nonspecific immunomodulatory effect. These findings are important, also in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic.

scholarly journals Ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care centre of Jharkhand, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2969
Author(s):  
Meetali Parashar ◽  
Meena Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Previous History ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ovum is implanted and develops outside the endometrial cavity. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The present study was conducted to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand during May 2017 to September 2018. A total of 90 cases were included in the study.Results: 80% of the patients presented with amenorrhoea, 98% had abdominal pain and 69% had vaginal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed hemoperitoneum in about 93% patients. 16 (18%) patients had history of infertility whereas 10 patients (11%) had taken treatment of infertility.6 (7%) patients had history of STD or PID.14 (16%) had undergone bilateral tubectomy.2 (2%) had history of IUCD insertion and 12 (13%) patients had undergone previously lscs. 54 patients (60%) had undergone D and C and 6 patients (7%) had a previous history of ectopic pregnancy. 68 (76%) underwent only salpingectomy.12 (13%) had salpingo-oophorectomy and 10 (11%) had salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions:Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy requires clinical suspicion and supportive investigations like UPT, ultrasonography, β HCG and laparoscopy. It is an important cause of admission to RIMS as maternal near miss cases.Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ovum is implanted and develops outside the endometrial cavity. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The present study was conducted to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand during May 2017 to September 2018. A total of 90 cases were included in the study.Results: 80% of the patients presented with amenorrhoea, 98% had abdominal pain and 69% had vaginal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed hemoperitoneum in about 93% patients. 16 (18%) patients had history of infertility whereas 10 patients (11%) had taken treatment of infertility.6 (7%) patients had history of STD or PID.14 (16%) had undergone bilateral tubectomy.2 (2%) had history of IUCD insertion and 12 (13%) patients had undergone previously lscs. 54 patients (60%) had undergone D and C and 6 patients (7%) had a previous history of ectopic pregnancy. 68 (76%) underwent only salpingectomy.12 (13%) had salpingo-oophorectomy and 10 (11%) had salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions: Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy requires clinical suspicion and supportive investigations like UPT, ultrasonography, β HCG and laparoscopy. It is an important cause of admission to RIMS as maternal near miss cases.

scholarly journals Persistent COVID-19 Symptoms Minimally Impact the Development of SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Immunity

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Hengsheng Fang ◽  
Adam D. Wegman ◽  
Kianna Ripich ◽  
Heather Friberg ◽  
Jeffrey R. Currier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Persistent Viral Infections ◽  
Insight Into

SARS-CoV-2 represents an unprecedented public health challenge. While the majority of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 resolve their infection with few complications, some individuals experience prolonged symptoms lasting for weeks after initial diagnosis. Persistent viral infections are commonly accompanied by immunologic dysregulation, but it is unclear if persistent COVID-19 impacts the development of virus-specific cellular immunity. To this end, we analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immunity in convalescent COVID-19 patients who experienced eight days or fewer of COVID-19 symptoms or symptoms persisting for 18 days or more. We observed that persistent COVID-19 symptoms were not associated with the development of an overtly dysregulated cellular immune response. Furthermore, we observed that reactivity against the N protein from SARS-CoV-2 correlates with the amount of reactivity against the seasonal human coronaviruses 229E and NL63. These results provide insight into the processes that regulate the development of cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and related human coronaviruses.

scholarly journals More than Pus – Primary Hepatic Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma Masquerading as Liver Abscess

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Wen Hao Justin Leong ◽  
Xia Huang Andrew Tan ◽  
Ennaliza Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Function Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation ◽  
Epithelioid Variant ◽  
Minimal Fluid ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumours

Hepatic angiomyolipomas (AML) are rare mesenchymal tumours of which the epithelioid type is a rare type with malignant potential. We report a case of primary hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma masquerading as liver abscess. A 46-year-old man presented with a 5-day history of fever with epigastric pain and nausea. On the night of admission, his temperature spiked to 39°C, his blood pressure was 135/79, his heart rate 98, his liver function test revealed albumin 37 g/L, bilirubin 25 μmol/L, ALP 298 U/L, ALT 247 U/L, and AST 344 U/L. The clinical suspicion was hepatobiliary sepsis and intravenous ceftriaxone was commenced. CT of the abdomen showed an ill-defined hypodense focus in segment 4A/8 (4.5 × 3.5 cm) with a minimal fluid component implying a developing abscess or phlegmon. The images were reviewed by a radiologist and showed minimal fluid for percutaneous drainage. MRI of the liver was performed to further characterize the lesion and revealed a solid mass with nodular areas of arterial enhancement and washout, suspicious of neoplasm. Ultrasound-guided liver biopsy of the lesion was performed. Histology showed a histiocyte-rich epithelioid neoplasm consistent with the epithelioid variant of AML. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for human melanoma black 45, melan-A and cluster of differentiation 68. He successfully underwent liver resection of segment 4A/8 after 6 weeks of antibiotics. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature of primary hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma masquerading as liver abscess.

scholarly journals Prevalence and echo features of mediastinal lymph nodes in EUS for non-malignant indications: a prospective study in a Southern European Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. E432-E436
Author(s):  
Joana Carmo ◽  
Miguel Bispo ◽  
Susana Marques ◽  
Cristina Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
European Population ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Echo Features ◽  
Portuguese Study ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Ct Studies

Abstract Background and study aims Significant heterogeneity in geographic distribution regarding the prevalence of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) has been documented in autopsy and computed tomography (CT) studies. Awareness of the local prevalence and characteristics of lymph nodes will be relevant when performing endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for staging of malignant neoplasias. The aims of this study were to document the prevalence and echo features of MLN in patients undergoing EUS for non-malignant extrathoracic disease and to identify predictive factors for the presence of MLN. Patients and methods A prospective single-center study was performed over 6 months. Mediastinal stations 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 L and 2 were systematically evaluated using a linear echoendoscope in all patients undergoing EUS due to benign extrathoracic pathology and without history of oncologic disease. Demographic, clinical and EUS features of the lymph nodes were analysed. Results Seventy-five patients were included: male/female 32/43; mean age, 63 years. The majority of patients (72 %) had lymph nodes in at least one mediastinal station and 88 % of these were found in stations 7 or 4 L. Overall, 133 MLN were identified: 19 % were hypoechogenic, 6 % had a short-axis diameter > 10 mm, and 6 % were round. The prevalence of lymph nodes was higher in smokers (83 % vs 64 %, P = 0.024), with a higher average number of lymph nodes per patient in this group (2.1 vs 1.6; P = 0.017). By logistic regression analysis, none of the variables analyzed were independently associated with the presence of MLN. Conclusion This prospective Portuguese study documented a higher prevalence of MLN than previously reported in Northern Europe, in patients with no evidence of oncologic disease. This higher prevalence may negatively influence the specificity and positive predictive value for malignancy of MLN (N) staging by EUS.

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