Immune Response in Patients with Mandibular Fracture Complicated with Suppuration of a Bone Wound

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M.P. Komskyi ◽  
Y.G. Romanenko
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandible Fracture ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Reduced Parameters

Modern clinical observations focused on the increasing complications at the open mandible fracture, which indicated about severe immune suppression in patients with this pathology. For estimation cellular immunity in a peripheral blood there were examined 25 patients in basic group (15 men, 10 women) with mandible fracture, complicated with abscess of a bone wound; control group included 20 practically healthy persons (10 men and 10 women). To assess cellular immunity in the peripheral blood were determined: absolute number of leukocytes, relative amount of lymphocytes; phagocytic activity. Determination relative number of T–lymphocytes (phenotype CD2+, СD3+) and B – lymphocytes (phenotype СD22+) was performed by method of immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies. In a case of mandible fracture, complicated with abscess of bone wound and leukocytosis, in the patients were reduced parameters of cellular immunity: on 40.3% – phagocytic index, on 47.7% – phagocytic number, on 43.9% – content of CD2+– and CD3+– lymphocytes. Content of null cells was increased on 76.8 %

scholarly journals Effect of aquacitrate of micro elements on indices of nonspecific resistance and cellular immunity in chicken broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Medvid
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Control Group ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Micro Elements ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents data on the influence of the complex of micro elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn) in the form of aquacitrate on the indices of non-specific and cellular immunity in chicken broilers. The poultry received a fodder, balanced by nutrients, according to its type, age and productivity. Control group of chickens were added standard mineral premix (SP) from inorganic compounds of bioelements. Broilers of experimental groups were given water with a complex mineral additive of aquacitrates. In particular, the chickens of the first experimental group – in the amount corresponding to their content in the standard premix (SP), and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups – in the amount equal to 3/4, 1/2, 1/4 and 1/10 of the content of mineral elements in the standard premix. It was found that bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum (BASB and LASB) were the highest in broiler chickens of the third and fourth experimental groups and exceeded the control values by 5.7 and 5.3%, respectively. In the bird of the second and fifth groups, the studied indicators were closer to the ones in control. However, in the chickens of the group D1, giving them the highest studied dose of aquacitrate of micor elements, the values of BASB and LASB tended to decrease. Concerning the level of CIC in serum, it was the highest in the chickens of the second, third and fourth groups, the lowest in the group D1. A similar pattern is also characteristic for phagocytic activity of pseudoiesinophils (PhA). The bite of half and even the quaternary amount of citrates of micro elements, compared with the amount of bioelements in inorganic form, provided an increase, compared to control, of PhA. At such a dose of micro elements in the nanoform in the blood of broilers, the number of T-total and T-active lymphocytes increased, including T-heeler cells and decreased the relative number of T-suppressors. The bird of the first experimental group was characterized by a decrease in the percentage of T-heeler against the background of a slight increase of T-suppressors. Thus, the results of studies of indices of nonspecific and cellular immunity suggest that micor elements in the nanodisperse form, due to better bioavailability and high bioactivity, have a positive effect on the formation and development of the immune system in broiler chickens at a dose corresponding to 25 and 50%, from recommended quantity of biometals in the standard premix.

scholarly journals Cellular immunity of rabbits incase of parasite association (Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Y. V. Duda
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
T Helpers ◽  
Experimental Group

Despite a huge number of studies, the uniqueness of antiparasitic immunity is so great that there is still insufficient knowledge of the factors contributing to the manifestation of the characteristics of immunity in mixed parasitic diseases of rabbits. Therefore, the question of the influence of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. on indicators of cellular immunity of rabbits is relevant. The study was conducted on 59 male rabbits age 3–5 months of the Californian breed, selected by analogy. Animal were separated into two groups: healthy animals (control group) and sick animals (research group). Intensity of invasion was determined by the method of the Mac-Master. It has been established that the level of damage of rabbits by spirochetosis and eimeriosis was, on average, 1155.17 ± 184.87 and 6668.97 ± 284.16 pathogens in 1 g of feces. The count of T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by the method of spontaneous rosette-formation with sheep erythrocytes. Parasitizing the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. was revealed a high number of leukocytes (1.22 times, P < 0.001), which increased mainly due to lymphocytes, which were 1.45 times higher (P < 0.001), as well as neutrophilic metamyelocytes – 1.48 times (P < 0.05), eosinophils – 1.68 times (P < 0.001) and basophils – 1.57 times (P < 0.001) compared with similar blood parameters of healthy animals. In the blood of sick rabbits, the absolute number of T-lymphocytes (1.56 times, P < 0.001) and B-lymphocytes (3.02 times, P < 0.001) was significantly higher in comparison with a low number of O-lymphocytes (3.46 times, P < 0.001) compared with the control. This indicates the redistribution of lymphocytes to cells that carry T and B lymphocyte receptors on the plasma membrane. The absolute number of T-lymphocytes became high due to T-helpers, which in these animals were higher both in absolute (1.87 times, P < 0.001) and percentage (by 9.18%, P < 0.001) compared to control. Moreover, the percentage of T-suppressors in the blood of rabbits of the experimental group was significantly lower on 5.46% (P < 0.05) compared with the same blood count of healthy animals. Such a redistribution of the T-cell population in the peripheral blood of this group of rabbits led to an increase in the immunoregulatory index by 1.64 times (P < 0.01) than in healthy ones. High IRI and the number of T-active lymphocytes (by 28.23%, P < 0.05) in the blood of rabbits with parasitism of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. indicate increased immune system tension.

scholarly journals Analysis of the cellular immunity status in patients with pathological placentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Edvard A. Berg ◽  
Alfiya G. Yashchuk ◽  
Il’nur I. Musin ◽  
Raisa A. Naftulovich ◽  
Elena M. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

AIM: The study aimed to investigate the cellular immunity in patients with placental disposition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study analyzed birth histories and clinical and laboratory parameters of 10 patients with placental disposition. The cellular immunity status was determined by analyzing lymphocytes with a cluster of differentiation (CD), including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+56, CD3-СD8+, TNK, and CD38+8+. Obtained data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Patients were 32.0 (29.0; 36.0) years old. As regards reproductive history, 60.0% had a history of three pregnancies, 20% had two pregnancies, 10% had their first pregnancy, and 10% had their fourth pregnancy. Moreover, placenta dispositions most often occurred at the second pregnancy in 70.0%, at the third pregnancy in 20.0%, and first pregnancy in 10%. In terms of cell immunity in comparison with normal indicators, the relative number of natural killer cells (CD16+56+), including activated CD3-СD8+, tended to increase. A relative increase in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (СD8+) was found against the background of lower number of T-helper cells, along with general immunodeficiency (immunoregulatory index in the absolute number of women was less than 1.5). CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation of cellular immunity in women with placental pathology is relevant to detect additional pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of obstetric complications.

scholarly journals Dependence of phenotype and chemiluminescent activity of monocytes on the Tregulatory cells content in patients with kidney cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-356
Author(s):  
A. A. Savchenko ◽  
A. G. Borisov ◽  
I. V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
A. V. Moshev
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Inflammatory Monocytes ◽  
Hla Dr

The aim of this work was to reveal the interrelations between the number of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in patients with kidney cancer (KC) and phenotype of peripheral blood monocytes and their capacities to produce ROS. Patients with KC (T3N0M0, clear cell type) were examined prior to surgical treatment. Tregs phenotype and blood monocytes were identified by flow cytometry. ROS production of purified monocytes was carried out through the determination of lucigenin- and luminol-dependent spontaneous and zymosan-induced chemiluminescence activity. It has been found that the relative number of Tregs within total lymphocyte subset in KC patients was increased if compared to control values (in KC patients — Me = 6.3%). Then the patients were divided into two groups according to the median of Tregs number (less and more than 6.3%). The most pronounced changes in the phenotype of monocytes and their chemiluminescent activity were found in KC patients with the Tregs count of less than 6.3%. Our findings suggest that low frequency of Tregs in the periphery was associated with increased relative numbers of “intermediate” and “non-classical” (“pro-inflammatory”) monocytes as it was shown on the samples from patients with KC with a low level of Tregs. According to our data, both groups of KC patients had low levels of HLA-DR expression when comparing to control group. Furthermore, both groups of patients had decreased rates of HLA-DR and CD64 co-expressing cells. Changes in the phenotype of monocytes in patients with KC were closely linked with imbalance in ROS production. Thus, the monocytes spontaneous superoxide radical (primary ROS) synthesis in KC patients with a low Treg numbers were characterized by redused NADPH-oxidase activation time and increased level of its activity if compared to patients with a high Treg rates in peripheral blood. Next, the activation index for lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence in KC patients was reduced, as well as it was independent of circulating Tregs rates and was determined apparently by the insufficiency of metabolic reserves. Similarly, spontaneous secondary ROS production by the monocytes in KC patients was lower then in healthy controls and was also independent of circulating Tregs rates. Finally, the induced secondary ROS synthesis and activation index for their synthesis in monocytes were reduced only in patients with KC with a low number of Tregs in the blood. In general, the characteristics of the chemiluminescent reaction of monocytes in patients with KC determined the imbalance in peripheral blood monocytes primary and secondary ROS production. Monocytes in patients with KC with a low number of Tregs in the blood were characterized by more pro-inflammatory activity due to the rapid activation and intensity of the synthesis of primary ROS.

scholarly journals T Regulatory CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Lymphocytes in the Peripheral Blood of Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer Patients

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dylag-Trojanowska ◽  
Joanna Rogala ◽  
Radoslaw Pach ◽  
Maciej Siedlar ◽  
Jaroslaw Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and objectives: T regulatory lymphocytes (Treg) are one of the subsets of T-lymphocytes involved in the interaction of neoplastic tumors and the host immune system, and they may impair the immune reaction against cancer. It has been shown that Treg are increased in the peripheral blood of patients with various cancers. In colorectal cancer, the prognostic role of Treg remains controversial. Colorectal cancer is a heterogenous disease, with many variations stemming from its primary tumor location. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between the amount of Treg in the peripheral blood of patients with left-sided colorectal cancer in various stages of disease and long-term survival. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis of 94 patients with left-sided colorectal cancer and a group of 21 healthy volunteers was carried out. Treg levels in peripheral blood were analysed using flow cytometry. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the amount of Treg in the Ist and IInd TNM stages (p = 0.047). The number of Treg in the entire study group was significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.008) and between patients in stages II and III and the control group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.018). The group of pT3+pT4 patients also had significantly lower Treg counts in their peripheral blood than the control group (p = 0.005). In the entire study group, the level of Treg cells in the peripheral blood had no influence on survival. The analysis of the TNM stage subgroups also showed no difference in survival between patients with “low” and “high” Treg counts. Conclusion: The absolute number of Treg in the peripheral blood of patients with left-sided colorectal cancer was significantly decreased in comparison to healthy controls, especially for patients with stage II+III disease. Treg presence in the peripheral blood had no impact on survival.

scholarly journals Sex differences of subpopulation composition of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood in experimental acute and chronic ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
O. V. Makarova ◽  
E. A. Postovalova ◽  
Yu. Gao ◽  
M. T. Dobrynina
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Colitis ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
T Helpers

We studied sex differences lymphocytes subpopulations of peripheral blood in adult C57Bl/6 mice during acute and chronic colitis, induced with 1% DSS. We measured subpopulations of lymphocytes with flow cytometry. We showed that in the control group the female mice had statistically significantly higher values of the relative number of regulatory and cytotoxic T lymphocytes comparing to the males. During acute colitis the females showed an increase in the relative number of Thelpers and a decrease of cytotoxic Tlymphocytes, which reflects the activation of immune response. The males had a decrease in the absolute number of leukocytes, lymphocytes and cytotoxic and regulatory T lymphocytes, probably because of an increase in migration of these cells to the inflammation locus and local lymph nodes. In chronic colitis the females had a decrease in the absolute number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, T helpers, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes when comparing with acute colitis. During chronic colitis the males had a decrease in the absolute number of T helpers and B lymphocytes but an increase of regulatory T cells in comparison with the control group; in comparison with acute colitis the males with chronic colitis had higher relative and absolute number of regulatory T cells. The increase of T regulatory lymphocytes is due to an increase in their proliferation rate in the thymus and increase of their migration to the inflammatory locus – the colon. Future clinical studies may be based on these results, which show that the treatment of colitis, especially with immunotropic agents, must take sex differences into account.

scholarly journals Changes in Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Tertiary Peritonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleh Matviychuk
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Secondary Peritonitis ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Tertiary Peritonitis

The objective of the research was to give a comparative characteristic of parameters of humoral and cellular immunity in the development of secondary and tertiary peritonitis.Materials and methods. The research enrolled 109 patients with secondary peritonitis, 20 of whom developed tertiary peritonitis. Changes in humoral and cellular immunity were evaluated by serial blood tests for the determination of leukocyte count, the relative number of lymphocytes, Ig A, M, and G levels, as well as by counting the phagocytic index, the phagocytic number and the leukocyte intoxication index. The statistical processing of the obtained data was made using the STATISTICA 5.0 software (StatSoft, USA).Results. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: the group of patients with secondary peritonitis (n=89) and the group of patients with tertiary peritonitis (n=20). In the development of tertiary peritonitis, leukocytosis, relative lymphocytopenia and high values of the leukocyte intoxication index persisted during the entire observation period. In tertiary peritonitis, the phagocytic index was significantly lower only on the day of hospitalization. In the group of tertiary peritonitis, the phagocytic number decreased significantly until the 7th day after surgery. Ig A, M and G levels were lower since admission and subsequently decreased as compared to the results in the group of patients with secondary peritonitis.Conclusions. 1. Tertiary peritonitis is the most severe form of abdominal sepsis with high rates of mortality and rather difficult early diagnosis. 2. With the development of tertiary peritonitis, leukocytosis increases and relative lymphocytopenia develops. 3. The reduction in phagocytic index is indicative for the prognosis of tertiary peritonitis. 4. Ig A and M levels are significantly lower, and the leukocyte intoxication index is high at the time of hospitalization in patients who subsequently develop tertiary peritonitis.

scholarly journals RELATION OF Th1, Th2, Treg, Th17 CYTOKINES OF PERITONEAL FLUID IN WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS, ASSOCIATED WITH INFERTILITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
H.D. Koval ◽  
O.M. Yuzko ◽  
A.I. Kurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Th17 Cytokines

Endometriosis is one of the leading diseases of the female reproductive organs and is the cause of almost a third of all cases of female infertility. It has been suggested that in women with endometriosis associated with infertility, the levels, nature of production and the ratio of cytokines of cells of different profiles in the peritoneal fluid change, which may play a pathogenetic role (to promote the development of immune inflammation of a certain type) in the development of the disease itself infertility. Aim of the study: to determine the features of the ratio of Th1, Th2, Treg, Th17 cytokines of peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis associated with infertility. Materials and methods: The study group included 58 women who were diagnosed with external genital endometriosis, namely: peritoneal form and infertility for at least 2 years. The control group consisted of 30 women with tubal genital infertility. No other pathological process, at the time of observation, was detected in control patients. The study was conducted at the Center for Infertility Treatment (Chernivtsi) from 2009 to 2015, following the concept of informed consent of the patient to conduct research and other ethical principles in relation to persons who are the object of the study. Peritoneal fluid was collected during laparoscopy during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. Cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of the study. The cytokine profile in the peritoneal fluid of women with infertility-associated endometriosis is characterized by an increase in levels of IL-2, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, IL-18. The largest proportion of all cytokines under study in the peritoneal fluid is IL-10 (28%), followed by IL-2, IL-6 and IL-18 in the order of decreasing relative amount (16%, 14% and 13%, respectively). respectively. The TGF-β (7%) was then placed in relative weight reduction. TNF-α and IL-17 6% each; IL-12 (4%); IL-1β and INF-γ are 3% percent each. The lowest proportion, as in the peripheral blood, was IL-4, which was incomplete 1 percent. The total relative number of cytokines Th1 is 25%, cytokines Th2 – incomplete 15%, cytokines Treg cells – 35%, cytokines Th 17 – IL-17 is 6% and cytokines produced mainly by macrophages and killer cells – 20%. Thus, the total ratio of Th1/Th2 cytokines in women with endometriosis was 2.5:1.5. Conclusions: In the peritoneal fluid, pronounced changes in the cytokine profile are observed, significantly prevail over changes in the peripheral blood, and are characterized by the growth of IL-2 (p <0.001), TNF-α (p <0.001), INF-γ (p <0.001), IL -6 (p <0.001), IL-17 (p <0.001), IL-10 (p <0.001), TGF-β (p <0.05), IL-12 (p <0.001), IL-18 (p <0.001). Local production is characterized by a 2.45-fold decrease in the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio, which indicates a predominance of the Th2-mediated immune response.

Lymphocytes with Fas-receptors of readiness to apoptosis in non-psychotic mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S743-S743
Author(s):  
V. Nikitina ◽  
T.P. Vetlugina ◽  
O.A. Lobacheva ◽  
V.A. Rudnitsky ◽  
M.M. Axenov
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Clinical Verification ◽  
Organic Personality Disorder

IntroductionApoptosis is a complex physiological process of the organism which supports cellular homeostasis, provides important aspects of development and functioning of the immune system. In various pathological conditions the process of apoptosis can be impaired that leads to decrease or increase in pro-apoptotic activity.Materials and methodsWe conducted investigation of relative and absolute number of CD3+CD95+–lymphocytes in groups of patients with adjustment disorders (n = 90), PTSD (n = 100), organic emotionally labile (asthenic) disorder (n = 232), organic personality disorder (n = 93). Clinical verification was conducted according to ICD–10. Control group included 190 practically healthy persons. Fas protein (CD95) expression on CD3 lymphocytes surfaces was detected using flow cytometry. Cytometric measurements were conducted on flow cytofluorimeter FacsCalibur (Becton Dickinson, US).ResultsIn the control group relative number of CD95+–lymphocytes was 11.6%, absolute–0.21 × 109/L. In all examined patients as compared with control the reliable increase both in relative and absolute number of lymphocytes of CD3+CD95+–phenotype was identified. So, in persons with adjustment disorder content of this indicator made 17.0% and 0.28 × 109/L (Р = 0.0015), in PTSD–18.0% and 0.33 × 109/L (Р = 0.0007) and in patients with organic asthenic disorder–19.0% and 0.32 × 109/L (Р = 0.0048), respectively. The highest content in blood of CD3+–lymphocytes, expressing on the surface of membrane the basic marker of apoptosis CD95 is observed in patients with organic personality disorder: 26.0% and 0.44 × 109/L (Р = 0.0003).ConclusionIn case of intensification of psychopathological symptoms especially in persons with non-psychotic organic mental disorders a receptor-mediated signaling pathway of apoptosis is activated – process of programmed cell death.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The use of the drug "Dextranal" to stimulate cellular immunity and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases calves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Penkova ◽  
N.Y. Balybina ◽  
V.Y. Koptev ◽  
N.A. Shkill ◽  
M.A. Leonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Instructions For Use ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Newborn Animals

The article provides data on the preventive efficacy of the drug "Dextranal" in gastrointestinal diseases of calves and pigs, as well as the effect of the drug on the resistance of newborn animals. Calves and piglets of the experimental groups were injected with the drug from the first day of life, 5 injections at different intervals, depending on the group. During the experiment, the animals were clinically examined daily. When symptoms of gastrointestinal or respiratory tract lesions appeared, clinical signs and duration were recorded. All sick calves, regardless of the group, were prescribed the use of the antibiotic "Dorin-R" in a dosage according to the instructions for use. The shortest duration of the disease was noted in the calves of the first experimental group that received Dextranal at a dose of 0.06 mg / kg (3.0 ml) with an interval of 3 days. This prophylaxis scheme reduces the duration of the disease in animals by 15% compared to the control group. The analysis of the results of the opsonophagocytic reaction (OFR) indicates an increase in the parameters of the phagocytic index, phagocytic number and phagocytic activity of the blood of animals of the experimental groups, which indicates the direct effect of the drug on cellular immunity. The maximum increase in live weight is observed in calves of the first experimental group, exceeding the same indicator of control by 7.4%. When using the drug "Dextranal" to piglets at a dose of 0.02 mg / kg with an interval of 4 days, there is a decrease in animal mortality by 4%. Also, when using the drug according to this scheme, the piglets of the experimental group on the 14th and 42nd days have a maximum increase in live weight in comparison with the same indicator in the control group.

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