scholarly journals Sanitary-parasitological condition of the environmental objects of the Astrakhan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Rudolf S. Arakelyuan ◽  
Khalil M. Galimzyanov ◽  
Anna E. Maslyaninova ◽  
Tatyuna M. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Presence Of People

The sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects of the Astrakhan region is analyzed. It was found that out of 689 samples taken and studied from various environmental objects, 114 (16,5%) did not meet sanitary and parasitological standards. The share of soil samples taken was 554 (80,4%), of which 107 (19,3%) did not meet sanitary and parasitological standards. In 83 (15%) cases, living larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were found, in 12 (2,1%) fertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, in 10 (1,8%) eggs of Toxocara canis, in 1 (0,2%) sample mixed invasions were noted: fertilized eggs of Ascara canis of 126 (18,3%) washes from hard surfaces, 4 (8,6%) were unsatisfactory (in 7,35% of cases, fertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides were found and in 1,25% eggs of Enterobius vermicularis. Dead larvae of Anisakis simplex were found in 3 (0,4%) fish samples examined. All 6 (0,9%) river water samples complied with sanitary and parasitological standards. The presence of living strongilid larvae and toxocar eggs in the soil indicates its contamination with faeces of infected animals. The presence of people or about flooding or flooding of these objects sewer drains allows to assume existence of oosperms of ascarids in the soil about her pollution by excrements. The presence of eggs of ascarids and pinworms on various household surfaces indicates non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene of persons infected with ascarids and/or pinworms who use these household appliances. The presence of aniacid larvae in the internal organs of fish is not a contraindication for its sale to the population.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Parasites as Contaminants of Currency Notes in Akure, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Iyabo Adepeju Simon-Oke ◽  
Oluwaseun David Ajileye
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Currency notes are used as a means of exchange during buying and selling of goods and commodities; thereby making them agents of disease transmission. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of contamination posed on these currency notes in Akure metropolis by parasites. Materials and Methods: A total of 160 different naira notes (5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000) were collected from food vendors, butchers, petrol attendants and fishmongers into transparent containers and transported to the laboratory. Based on the physical appearances of the notes, they were categorized as mint, clean, dirty, very dirty and mutilated. Standard parasitological techniques were employed to detect parasitic organisms on the notes. Results: Of the 160 naira notes examined, 106 (66.3%) harbored eggs and other stages of the parasites. Mint notes did not harbor any parasite. 14 (70%) of clean notes, 31 (62%) of dirty notes, 61 (74.4) of very dirty and mutilated notes were contaminated, respectively. Parasites recovered from naira notes included Enterobius vermicularis (19.8%), Hookworm (8.5%), Giardia lamblia (22.6%), Ascaris lumbricoides (77.4%), Hymenolepis nana (21.7%), Strongyloides stercoralis (10.4%), Trichuris trichiura (25.5%), Isospora belli (2.8%), Entamoeba histolytica (87.7%), Balantidium coli (34%) and flagellates (7.5%). We found that 5, 50 and 100 naira notes had the highest contamination (45%) while 20 and 1000 naira notes had the least contamination (35% each). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the sources of the collection (P<0.05). Conclusion: Citizens should be educated on ways of handling money through personal hygiene by not abusing, mishandling or mutilating the currency notes.

scholarly journals Food safety by parasitological indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Viktoria A. Irdeeva ◽  
Rudolf S. Arakelyan ◽  
Gennadii L. Shendo ◽  
Darya S. Aleksashina ◽  
Anna M. Sosnina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Opisthorchis Felineus ◽  
Vegetable Products

Objective. To study the sanitary and parasitological state of food products in Astrakhan Region for their contamination with eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on the basis of the Laboratory of Bacteriological and Parasitological Research of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Astrakhan Region in 20152019. A total of 1.430 food samples were examined and 2207 studies were performed during the analyzed period. The number of unsatisfactory samples was 4.6 % (n = 66) the following was found: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis 84.8 % (n = 56), eggs and metacercariae of Opisthorchis felineus 4.5 % (n = 3), cysts of Entamoeba histolytica, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Ascaris lumbricoides 3.0 % (n = 2), eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (n = 1) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + Toxocara Canis 1.5 % (n = 1). Results. The largest number of selected and investigated food samples was accounted for fruit and vegetable samples 54.3 % (n = 777), of which 8.4 % (n = 65) of the samples were unsatisfactory. In these samples, larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were found 86.2 % (n = 56) of all positive findings of fruit and vegetable products, eggs of Opisthorchis felineus and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica 3.1 % (n = 2 each), as well as unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and eggs of Enterobius vermicularis 1.5 % (n = 1 each). In addition to isolated findings, there were noted cases of mixed invasion: larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides-3.1 % (n = 2) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis + eggs of Toxocara canis 1.5 % (n = 1). Conclusions. The presence of Toxocara eggs and strongylid larvae on the samples of fruit and vegetable products indicates soil contamination with feces of invasive animals. The presence of ascarid eggs on food indicates contamination of the soil with the feces of infested persons. The presence of opisthorchis eggs on the samples of cucumbers and tomatoes, and cysts of dysentery amoeba on the samples of cucumbers and cabbage indicates contamination of water used for watering these products with eggs and cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa. The presence of pinworm eggs on cucumbers indicates contact of an infected person with this product. Contamination may have occurred when the product was transported to the laboratory.

scholarly journals Um estudo sôbre a eosinofilia nas helmintoses

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy Gomes de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale

1 - Foram examinadas as fezes de 2.666 indivíduos, operários e funcionários de duas Emprésas industriais, situadas, uma na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e outra no Estado do Rio (Brasil); 2 - Dos 2.666 indivíduos, 1941 (72.80%) estavam parasitados por um ou mais helmintos e 725 (27,20%) tinham seus exames de fezes negativos; 3 - De cada um dos 2.666 indivíduos foi feito um hemograma completo, tendo sido aproveitada a taxa de eosinófilos que, em associação com os exames de fezes, constituiu o objeto principal dêste trabalho. 4 - Na Tabela A observa-se o número de vêzes em que cada um dos vermes foi observado e seus respectivos percentuais. Embora não seja um trabalho de epidemiologia, verifica-se que 46,81% são infestados pelo Trichuris trichiura; 23,85% pelo Strongyloides stercoralis; 22,46% pelo Necator americanus e/ou Ancylostoma duodenale; 20,51% pelo Ascaris lumbricóides; 1,65% pelo Schistosoma mansoni; 0.67% pelo Enterobius vermicularis; 0,26% por Taenia solium ou T. saginata e 0,11% por Hymenolepis nana; 5 - Os exames de fezes foram feitos pelos métodos de Faust (ou de Ritchie), de Willis, de Baermann e de sedimentação; 6 - A eosinofilia anotada foi a relativa ou em seu percentual, sendo considerada hipereosinofilia uma taxa de eosinófilos igual ou superior a 5% (Eo > 5%); 7 - Foram abordados de modo conciso os fatores que provocam oscilações na eosinofilia normal tais como a idade, a raça, as horas do nictêmero, os fatores físicos, o sexo, os fatores químicos e outros; 8 - Tratou-se de modo mais extenso das diferenças entre as hipereosinofilias parasitárias e não parasitárias, tendo sido focalizada a dinâmica da eosinofilia traduzida na curva de Lavier. 9 - A distribuição dos 2.666 casos foi feita pelos diferentes graus de eosinofilia, tendo sido levantados gráficos e traçadas curvas sôbre a distribuição de cada helminto e de suas associações. 10 - Por ser necessário à explanação do assunto, foi criado o "índice eosinofilico", o qual corresponde à relação entre o número de casos de um determinado grupo com Eo > 5% e Eo < 5%. Para o total de casos positivos, ao "índice eosinofílico" denominamos "índice eosinofílico médio" em para o total dos negativos "índice eosinofílico residual"; 11 - Estabelecendo-se o "índice eosinofílico", pode-se ajuizar a capacidade eosinofilogênica de cada helminto isoladamente, bem como a de suas associações; 12 - Atenção especial foi dada aos problemas da existência da hipereosinofilia nos casos com exames coprológicos negativos para helmintos, tendo-se passado em revista vários dos aspectos biológicos que o assunto comporta; 13 - Outra questão de grande importância clínica explanada neste trabalho é a do encontro de casos de parasitismo por vermes, sem hipereosinofilia. O autor, baseado em seus dados e em outros colhidos na literatura sôbre o assunto, discute a fisiopatologia da eosinopoiese nas helmintoses e ojerece uma interpretação para êste fato ainda não defintivamente esclarecido.

Commentary on Anthelmintics

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-252
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Larva Migrans ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
The North

Nematode infestation of children in the North American hemisphere is a common problem, although it is not of the magnitude in this area that it is in some other areas of the world. Patients who harbor roundworms are frequently asymptomatic. However, appropriate treatment is required when clinical symptoms occur and significant infestation is found. Correct diagnosis is of paramount importance because choice of the proper drug is predicated on knowledge of the infecting organism. The two roundworms most commonly seen in the United States are Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) and Ascaris lumbricoides (large roundworm). In warmer climates infestation with Toxocara canis, T. cati (visceral larva migrans), Trichuris trichiura (whipworm), Necator americanus, Ancylostorna duodenale (hookworm), and Strongyloides stercoralis occurs. This commentary is limited to the treatment of A. lumbricoides and E. vermicularis infestations because of their widespread occurrence. Enterobius vermicularis is probably the most ubiquitous parasite in the United States and Canada. In contrast to most other helminthic infections, enterobiasis is more of a nuisance than an actual health threat. It is most frequently identified in children and has been blamed, often erroneously, for a wide assortment of symptoms. The majority of pinworm infestations are asymptomatic. The most common symptom is anal pruritus, which in females may also extend to the vulva. Other symptoms less commonly associated with enterobiasis are abdominal pain, headache, diarrhea, and tenesmus.1-3 Symptoms such as poor appetite, behavior problems, nocturnal bruxism, and nightmares have been ascribed to, but are probably not caused by, pinworms. These and other complaints may coexist.

Sanitary parasitological and sanitary–bacteriological condition of the soil in the astrakhan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Rudolf S. Arakelian ◽  
Svetlana A. Shemetova ◽  
Olga A. Vanyukova ◽  
Gennadiy L. Shendo ◽  
Nina V. Polyanskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

This article analyzes the sanitaryparasitological and sanitarybacteriological state of the soil of the Astrakhan region for 2015 to 2019. In total, 7587 soil samples taken from various environmental objects were studied, and 18.197 studies have been performed. Of the samples, 333 (4.4%) samples did not meet the hygiene standards. For parasitic purity, 4566 (60.2%) soil samples were examined, and 9132 (50.2%) studies have been performed. The largest number of soil samples were collected and examined in 2015 and 2016, which amounted to 943 (20.7%) in 2015 and 1046 (22.9%) in 2016. The number of samples that do not meet hygienic standards was 62 (6.6%) in 2015 and 91 (8.7%) in 2016. In 2015, the positive findings were helminthiasis caused by unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (4 [0.5%]), eggs of Toxocara canis (37 [3.9%]), and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis (21 [2.2%]). For microbiological indicators, the largest number of soil samples were collected and examined in 2019 and amounted to 694 (23.0%), of which positive findings in the form of common coliform bacteria of Escherichia coli amounted to six (0.9%). Studies for bacteriological indicators in 2016 have used 662 (21.9%) samples, which is 0.9 times less than the samples taken in 2019. The sanitary condition of the soil of the Astrakhan region remains stably tense, as evidenced by positive findings in the form of eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as pathogenic bacteria of Escherichia coli. The presence of ascarid eggs, toxocars, and strongylid larvae in the soil indicates contamination of these objects with the feces of infected people and animals. The presence of coliform bacteria of Escherichia coli in the soil also indicates contamination with the feces of sick people.

scholarly journals Enteroparasitismo en indígenas Terena en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Neres Norberg ◽  
Fabiano Guerra-Sanches ◽  
Paulo R. Blanco Moreira-Norberg ◽  
José Tadeu Madeira-Oliveira ◽  
Aluízio Antonio Santa-Helena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

<p><strong>Objetivo </strong>Considerando que más de la mitad de la población mundial está infectada por protozoarios y helmintos intestinales, con alta prevalencia en las zonas más pobres, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la prevalencia de los parasitismos entre indígenas de la etnia Terena, establecidos en el Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul.</p><p><strong>Metodología </strong>Se examinaron 134 muestras de heces de individuos de la comunidad indígena. Estas se conservaron en solución de Merthiolate-iodo-formol (MIF). Los exámenes de laboratorio fueron realizados por las técnicas de Hoffman, Pons y Janer; Willis y Kinyoun.</p><p><strong>Resultados </strong>Se identificaron infecciones por helmintos nematodos de las especies <em>Ascaris lumbricoides,</em> Ancylostomidae,<em> Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, </em>y<em> Trichuris trichiura</em>; cestodos de la especie <em>Hymenolepis nana, </em>y <em>Taenia</em>spp<em>.</em> También por protozoarios de las especies <em>Cryptosporidium </em>spp.<em>, Giardia lamblia, Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli, </em>y<em> Entamoeba histolytica</em>. De las muestras investigadas, 23,1% fueron negativas; de los 76,9 % parasitados hubo diferencia estadísticamente no significativa para el parasitismo en hombres y mujeres examinados, de unoa 33 años de edad, y sobre parasitismo mono específico, o con simultaneidad de especies. Como diversidad parasitaria fueron encontradas siete especies de helmintos nematodos y cestodos, y cinco de protozoarios Archamoebae, flagelados y enterozoários. </p><p><strong>Conclusiones</strong> Los resultados fueron la base para la orientación e intervención adecuada, revelando la necesidad de la implantación de medidas gubernamentales y socioeducativas para mejorar las condiciones de vida de esta comunidad.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalencia coprológica de parásitos gastrointestinales en humanos y porcinos de crianza de traspatio del distrito de Zapatero, San Martín

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Víctor Puicón ◽  
Alicia López-Flores ◽  
Fredu Fabian-Dominguez ◽  
Hugo Sánchez-Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
Trichuris Suis ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
San Martín ◽  
Macracanthorhynchus Hirudinaceus

El objetivo del presente estudio de investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal en porcinos y humanos del Centro Poblado Menor de Bagazan, provincia de Lamas, Perú. Se colectaron 176 muestras fecales de porcinos de crianza de traspatio y 179 muestras de población humana relacionada a la crianza de estos animales. Las muestras fueron colectadas independientemente de la edad y sexo y fueron analizadas cualitativamente mediante la técnica parasitológica de flotación con solución sobresaturada de cloruro de sodio y la estimación de la carga parasitaria se realizó con el método de McMaster modificado. La prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal en los cerdos fue 28.41% (50/176), encontrándose Eimeria spp (63.07%), huevos tipo Strongylus (26.71%), Ascaris suum (12.5%), Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (1.14%), Trichuris suis (0.57%) y Balantidium coli (0.57%). En el caso de los humanos, la prevalencia fue 91.6%, encontrándose Ascaris lumbricoides (34.09%), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.11%), Trichuris trichiura (2.72%) y Enterobius vermicularis (0.55%). No se determinó asociación significativa entre prevalencia parasitaria y los factores sexo y edad en porcinos.

scholarly journals Enteroparasitas e Capillaria SP entre o grupo Surui, Parque Indigena Aripuana, Rondonia

1981 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. A. Coimbra Júnior ◽  
D. A. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana

Este trabalho apresenta dados de enteroparasitas encontradas em índios da comunidade tribal de Suruí, em Rondônia, na Região Amazônica do Brasil. As seguintes espécies foram encontradas: Ascaris lumbricoides (53,3%), Ancilostomidae (43,3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (33,3%), Taenia sp. (5,8%), Trichuris trichiura (5,0%), Hymenolepis nana (4,1%), Giardia lamblia (3,3%), Entamoeba histolytica complex (0,8%) e Enterobius vermicularis (0,1%). O encontro de Capillaria sp. nas fezes de dois individuos é discutido.

scholarly journals Inquérito parasitológico na CECAP, distrito-sede de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ednir Salata ◽  
Fernando M. A. Corrêa ◽  
Roberto Sogayar ◽  
Maria Inês Leme Sogayar ◽  
Maria Aparecida Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
E Coli

Estudo da prevalência de parasitas intestinais realizado em 370 indivíduos residentes na CECAP, distrito-sede de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, permitiu verificar que 41,62% encontravam-se infestados por uma ou mais espécies de parasitas intestinais. Foram encontrados os seguintes parasitas: Entamoeba histolytica 0,54%, E. coli 6,21%, I. butschlii 0,27%, Giardia lamblia 9,72%, Ancylostomidae 5,94%, Strongyloides stercoralis 6,75%, Trichuris trichiura 17,29%, Ascaris lumbricoides 7,56%, Enterobius vermicularis 3,78%, Hymenolepis nana 5,40% e Taenia sp. 1,62%. Apresentam-se dados sobre a distribuição dos parasitas em relação à idade e ao sexo dos indivíduos. O atributo cor não permite maiores considerações por serem os não brancos significantemente pouco numerosos. Dos indivíduos examinados, 25,67% apresentavam apenas uma espécie de parasita e entre as associações parasitárias mais freqüentes encontramos as de Ascaris lumbricoides - Trichuris trichiura e Trichuris trichiura - Giardia lamblia.

scholarly journals PARASITIC EGGS, CYSTS AND LARVAE OF SOME FRUITS SOLD AROUND DUTSIN-MA METROPOLIS, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
J. B. Orpin ◽  
I. Mzungu ◽  
H. Usman-Sani
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Water Melon

Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation resulting in fruits containing eggs, cysts or larva of parasites. A survey of some fruits sold around Dutsin-ma metropolis in Katsina was carried out to identify the eggs, cyst and larva present on them. A total of 180 fruit pieces were examined using standard wet mount procedure and Kinyoun acid fast stain to detect presence of parasites. The percentage of fruits found with eggs, cysts or larvae of six parasites identified were eggs of hookworm (16.42%), Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (24.30%), Trichuris trichuira eggs (8.62%), Strongyloides stercoralis larvae (6.64%), immature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica (31.62%) and eggs of Taenia species (12.4%) respectively. Garden eggs had the highest percentage with parasites’ ova, cysts or larva (60.3%) followed by water melon (21.4%) and cucumber (12.12%), mangoes (10%), carrots (4.8%) and oranges (0%). The chi-square test showed significant (p<0.05) differences in number of fruits with parasitic infection. It is very important to encourage proper washing of fresh and raw fruits before they are sold or eaten which will thereby prevent transmission either at point of sell or consumption of fruits which infect via the oral route

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