scholarly journals PHARMACOECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION FOR THE INCLUSION OF VACCINATION AGAINST VARICELLA IN THE REGIONAL CALENDAR OF PREVENTIVE VACCINATIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PENZA REGION

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
N. I Zryachkin ◽  
Tatiana N. Buchkova ◽  
T. V Elizarova ◽  
G. I Chebotareva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Regional Data ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

The article presents the pharmacoeconomic rationale for the inclusion of vaccination against varicella in the regional calendar of preventive vaccinations on the example of the Penza region. Varicella remains one of the most common infectious diseases in the studied region and in the Russian Federation as a whole. With the limited amount of budget funds allocated for the program of vaccination, it is necessary to assess their economic efficiency. For the economic evaluation, there was developed the algorithm of calculations contained in the software based on MS Excel in order to get the result when you change the source of regional data. As a result of calculations, the vaccination in the Penza region was revealed to be a profitable investment. The sustainability of the two-time vaccination of a cohort of children aged 1 year against the Varicella held in 2016, will come in for 2018, and further savings (prevented damage) will increase steadily. By the end of 2029, “net economic benefit” will be about 246.5 million rubles, the damage prevented would exceed the cost of the vaccination of a cohort of 6 times.

Economic effectiveness of cost indicators of land expertise activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Provalova ◽  
O.N. Tsapovskaya ◽  
N.V. Khvostov ◽  
Y.V. Ermoshkin ◽  
E.V. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Land Plot ◽  
Land Surveying ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

The article discusses the establishment of the actual costs of land surveying expertise in the Russian Federation nowadays. The standard indicators of the cost in a typical land management examination for state forensic institutions of the Russian Federation were determined in this paper. The actual calculation of the cost estimate for the land management examination was made here as well by example of the division of a land plot for land share allocation in accordance with the title documents of the owner. The potential economic benefit of expert institutions (commercial allowance of organizations) was calculated in this paper as well.

Medical and economic analysis of the consequences of expanding the drug supply program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Andrei Georgievich Maliavin ◽  
Alana Viktorovna Dzanaeva ◽  
Maria Vladimirovna Avxentyeva ◽  
Sergei Lvovich Babak
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Basic Drug ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Basic Therapy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Drug Provision

Purpose of the study. Healthcare budget impact analysis in the Russian Federation of providing adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with basic therapy for outpatient treatment. Material and methods. The hypothesis of reducing costs for the treatment of exacerbations of COPD was tested while providing all patients with basic therapy on an outpatient basis. The model calculates the direct medical costs of drug provision and treatment of exacerbations in patients with COPD in the current situation and when all patients with COPD are covered with basic therapy as part of a program of preferential drug provision. The simulation period is 1 year. The analysis does not take into account social losses associated with disability, payment of disability certificates, reduced labor productivity and mortality. Results. The cost of providing all patients with COPD with the recommended basic drug therapy on an outpatient basis is substantially offset by a decrease in the cost of treating exacerbations: drug costs should increase by 14.1 billion rubles compared with the current situation, while the cost of providing medical care to patients with exacerbations is reduced by 9.7 billion rubles. As a result, the difference in direct medical costs, or the necessary additional investments, is 4.4 billion rubles. The price of drugs used for basic therapy has the greatest impact on the size of the required additional investments. Conclusion. Providing all patients with COPD with the recommended basic drug therapy on an outpatient basis, we can expect a decrease in the number of moderate exacerbations per year by 14.7% and severe exacerbations by 31.2%. Taking into account not only medical, but also socio-economic costs can not only offset additional investments, but also demonstrate significant savings. When implementing a pilot project of preferential drug provision for patients with COPD in a specific region of the Russian Federation, it is possible to reduce the cost of purchasing medicines when forming a municipal order.

scholarly journals Comparative economics of mechanical and manual dehusking of Arecanut

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumar R Patil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
Comparative Economics ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gear Machine

Objectives: This research was undertaken to examine the economic benefit of mechanization in dehusking arecanut. Methods/Statistical analysis: A sample consisting 15 each of pre-harvest contractors, arecanut farmers using machines of different capacities for dehusking arecanut were randomly selected from Davanagere district of Karnataka. The economic viability of mechanization was assessed under these situations using partial budgeting technique. Findings: The results of the study indicated that the cost of dehusking one quintal of arecanut using machine was ₹141 as compared to manual method (₹276) in case of pre-harvest contractors. The per quintal cost of dehusking of own arecanut produce came to Rs.78 as against manual method(Rs.277)in case of farmers who used the machine for dehusking of their own arecanut produce and rental purpose. Application/Improvements: The study suggested that marginal farmers should use two gear machine, small farmers four gear machine and large farmers six gear machine to economize dehusking their own farm produce and earning rental income. Keywords: Mechanization; Arecanut dehusking; economic evaluation; horticulture

scholarly journals Ways to Reduce Energy Costs in Poultry Farms

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Aleksey Sklyar ◽  
Margarita Postnova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Poultry Farming

Currently, the modern poultry farms are located in regions with different climatic conditions. Thus, the component of the electric power being the base for combined heating and ventilating systems, lighting, and local heating of poultry farms, is great in power engineering on the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of energy costs of poultry farms showed that of the estimated options for reducing the cost of electricity for poultry farms, one of the most effective can be an alternative source such as the generation of own electricity. Naturally, for biological production with a continuous technological cycle (poultry farming, for example), seems to be replace about 45-55 % of the needs of the factory and serve as a reserve for the rest, but not cover all 100 % of needs.

scholarly journals CURRENT DIRECTIONS OF CRIMINAL POLICY IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-FRAUD: A GENERAL CRITICAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
R.K. Shautaeva ◽  
O.A. Petryanina
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

The relevance of the direction chosen for research is multifactorial. First, there is a steady increase in attacks on property by deception or abuse of trust. Second, the emergence of new forms of fraudulent activities requiring a symmetrical response from government agencies. Third, the offensive, not always error-free development of criminal policy in the form of the creation of new legal and technical mechanisms to counter the considered type of criminal deviant behavior of selfish orientation. All this prompted us to identify and consider the most significant methodological problems in the area taken for research in the form of their demonstration, as well as proposals for directions for their solution. The first criminal law flaw in the state strategy in the fight against fraud is the fallacy in the systematization of the crimes reflected in Art. 159-159of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The substitution of the significance of public relations protected by the norms included in these articles caused the imbalance in the Special Part of the Criminal Code. RF. The second methodological problem is the imbalance in the cost criteria of Art. 159-159of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which form the basis for their criminalization and differentiation. The third problem is the fact that there are separate elements of fraud with their fixation in separate articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, depending on the areas of encroachment. In the article, on the basis of the conducted critical analysis and the presented argumentation, directions for resolving the noted methodological problems, theoretical, applied and legislative format, are proposed.

scholarly journals STUDY OF TARIFFS FOR TRANSPORT SERVICES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Z. A. Kapelyuk ◽  
Y. V. Popova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Tariff Policy ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the experience of tariff regulation of the cost of passenger railway transportation services in the European Union and the Russian Federation. The features of tariff regulation are disclosed and eleven countries are classified according to the main categories. Tariff policy for transport services is used to ensure the consistency of economic interests of consumers and is a problematic segment for all types of transport. The article deals with tariff regulation of the cost of services provided by the railway infrastructure. Comparison of domestic and foreign experience in pricing of transport services for further development of Russian Railways is carried out. The setting of tariffs and available discounts, as well as benefits for the purchase of tickets for trains in the countries of the European Union and Russia are considered. The indexation of tariffs for transportation services of Russian Railways depending on the period of the trip and the comfort of the car is analyzed. Conclusions on the impact of mobile tariffs on economic efficiency, as well as the need to improve the tariff policy in the Russian Federation by involving foreign transport companies in implementation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERFERON-GAMMA IN THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
S. L Plavinskiy ◽  
Pavel I. Shabalkin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Health System ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Pharmacoeconomic Analysis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The Russian Federation

Tuberculosis worldwide is a serious problem for the health system and for society. Despite the fact that in recent years there has been a tendency to the decline in the incidence of tuberculosis, it remains to be one of the socially significant infections in the Russian Federation. Significant difficulties in the treatment of tuberculosis include the overcoming of the drug resistance of mycobacteria to the existing therapy, as well as the available limitations of the resources of the healthcare system in the Russian Federation. In this regard, there is a need to find additional opportunities to improve the effectiveness of the treatment and clinical and economic evaluation of existing treatment regimens. Interferon-gamma is an effective preparation for the management of tuberculosis. As a result of the pharmacoeconomic analysis, the administration of interferon-gamma (Ingaron) contributed to an increase in the quality of life by 2.1 QALY, and in terms of an addition to the therapy will be accompanied by savings of the budget of the Russian Federation up to 284 million rubles, or up to 27.3% of funds for the treatment of patients from this group.

Influence of trends in the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex on the introduction of integrated reporting of agricultural enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Mary Konstantinovna Dzhikia
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Main Program ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

In this article, the main program documents for the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex are considered, the dynamics of the cost of agricultural gross output is revealed, the factor analysis of milk production in the Russian Federation is carried out, the factors of increasing milk production are determined, the risks in the field of food security are considered, the trends of changes in the engineering infrastructure in rural areas are revealed, the decrease in the import of basic food and the excess of the threshold values of indicators of food independence (selfsufficiency) are revealed.) Of the Russian Federation in 2019 for basic food products. Based on the analysis of the state of agriculture in Russia, the trends that led to the need for the introduction of integrated reporting for agricultural enterprises are highlighted.

scholarly journals Availability and Affordability of Medicines for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Pharmacies in Six Regions of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 804-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Imaeva ◽  
Yu. A. Balanova ◽  
A. V. Kontsevaya ◽  
A. V. Kapustina ◽  
D. V. Duplyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Antiplatelet Drug ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cost Of Drugs ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost

Aim. To evaluate the availability and affordability of medicines used to treat of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in several regions of the Russian Federation with different climatic, geographic, economic and demographic characteristics. Material and methods. The study was conducted in 6 regional capitals, chosen to differ in geographically, economically, and demographically. In each city, 5 pharmacies providing free medicines to certain categories of citizens (beneficiaries) and 5 private pharmacies serving anyone were selected at random. Medicine availability was assessed in all pharmacies, along with price only in the private pharmacies. Data were obtained for both original drug and appropriate generics. A list of 25 of the most frequently prescribed medicines for cardiovascular diseases was compiled. Results. Some general findings emerged. With the existence of a generic drug, the original drug was not available in the pharmacy supplying beneficiaries. Diuretics, as well as some ACE inhibitors, are not available in a number of pharmacies for beneficiaries. Enalapril in most licensed pharmacies is represented by generics, lisinopril in a number of cities is represented by both the original drug and generics. The presence of sartans was much lower than ACE inhibitors. Bisoprolol was most common beta-blocker. Calcium antagonists: if amlodipine was present in all licensed pharmacies, at list as generic, then nifedipine was not available in many licensed pharmacies. Among antiplatelet agents, aspirin was available in most pharmacies, and clopidogrel was mostly represented by generics. As for statins, only simvastatin could be found in almost all pharmacies. When analyzing the cost of drugs in licensed pharmacies, it was found that drugs containing furosemide are the cheapest among generics – about 17 rubles. The most expensive treatment with generics of rosuvastatin – about 4,374 rubles a month. The most expensive original medicine was also rosuvastatin – about 4,500 rubles for 30 tablets, the cheapest – the original drug of furosemide – about 35 rubles. On average, the cost of CVD treatment with major classes of drugs, including ACE inhibitor, beta-blocker, antiplatelet drug and statin, is 1,921.9 rubles per month. Conclusion. The basic cardiovascular medicines were characterized by a relatively high availability in 6 regions of the Russian Federation included in the analysis both by the criterion of the availability of drugs and by the criterion of the minimum price.

scholarly journals PSXIV-5 Results of external use of staphylococcal toxoid for the prevention of mastitis in cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 315-315
Author(s):  
Dariya Kashtanova ◽  
Valerii G Skopichev ◽  
Flura Alistratova ◽  
Polina A Polistovskaia ◽  
Nataliya A Panova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
North West ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Mastitis in cows in the farms of the Russian Federation cause great economic damage. Economic losses include the cost of treating cows and the cost of recycled milk. In the farms of the North-West region of the Russian Federation mastitis occurs in 20–30% of lactating cows. An important task is to find effective ways to prevent mastitis. The task of our research included the study of the effectiveness of external use of staphylococcal toxoid. For the experiment, 2 experimental groups of dry cows of 10 animals each were formed. For the first group of cows, 5 days before the expected date of calving, an ointment containing staphylococcal toxoid and dimethyl sulfoxide was applied to the area of the milk mirror. Udder treatment was performed once a day for five days. Cows of the second group were immunized with Starvac® vaccine in accordance with the instructions, twice during the dry period. The third group of cows (n = 20) was the control. After calving, the concentration of immunoglobulins in colostrum was examined in all cows. In cows of the first group, the concentration of immunoglobulins G, M and A in colostrum was 8.59 ± 0.9; 1.1 ± 0.13 and 5.42 ± 0.9 g / l, respectively. The concentration of immunoglobulins in cows of the first group was higher, on average, by 1.3–2.0 times in comparison with cows that were given the Starvac vaccine. In comparison with the control group, the growth of all classes of immunoglobulins was determined by 2.2 - 5.2 times (P < 0.01). The results obtained showed high efficacy of external use of staphylococcal toxoid together with dimethisulfoxide.

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