Prevalence of diseases of the urinary system in children in the city of Kazan

1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
G. P. Petrova ◽  
I. Sh. Trofimova ◽  
M. S. Halitova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Prenatal Period ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Hereditary Predisposition ◽  
System Disease ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The territorial-nesting method examined 3000 children. 84 of them (2.8%) had diseases of the urinary system. Most of the patients are girls (70). Urenal infection prevailed (76 children). In 71 children, kidney damage was detected for the first time during the examination. An unfavorable prenatal period of child development, a hereditary predisposition to kidney disease, hereditary allergic burden, and allergic reactivity in children are the most significant risk factors for urinary system disease in childhood.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors among adults in selected slums of Chennai

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
K. Kokila ◽  
K. Chellavel Ganapathi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slum Population

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent epidemic. The true prevalence of CKD with in a population are very difficult to estimate, since early to moderate CKD were usually asymptomatic. ESRD in the consequence of CKD is one of the most expensive diseases to treat.Only way is to prevent it and Hence this was conducted to estimate the prevalence of CKD and its associated risk factors among adults in selected slums of Chennai.Methods: This is a cross sectional study done from May 2013 to June 2014 in selected slums of Chennai. The study population includes adult males and females. Multi stage sampling method used. Sample size covered was 400. A semi structured questionnaire used as tool. Based on the serum creatinine eGFR calculated using modified MDRD study equation and CKD prevalence was identified. The data was entered in MS excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21.Results: Total of 400 participants involved. Females were predominant in the study. Among them, 67 (16.8%) were diagnosed as CKD patients and Stage 1, 4.0% had stage 2, 3.6% had stage 3, 1.3% had stage 4 and 0.5% had stage 5 at the time of diagnosis.Conclusions: This study revealed prevalence of CKD among slum population was 16.8%. This study showed that old age, uncontrolled hypertension, uneducated, Diabetes with poor control, overuse of analgesics, H/o smoking, obesity, alcoholism, passive smoking, family H/o CKD and proteinuria were significant risk factor for CKD among study subjects. Slum population with risk factors should be regularly screened for CKD.

scholarly journals 1474. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) Due to Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDRO)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S537-S538
Author(s):  
Frances J Lahrman ◽  
Margaret A Olsen ◽  
Dustin Stwalley ◽  
Jason P Burnham ◽  
Jennie H Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Positive Urine Culture ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
System Disease ◽  
Jewish Hospital ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background MDROs are a threat to public health, and UTIs are the most common type of MDRO infection. The objective of this study was to describe risk factors and outcomes associated with MDRO UTIs. Methods A retrospective cohort study with IRB approval from Barnes-Jewish Hospital, January 1, 2006–November 8, 2017. Demographics, comorbidities, procedures, outcomes, and culture data were collected from the BJC Healthcare Informatics database for hospitalized patients with MDRO UTIs. MDROs were defined according to European and US CDC standards. Results A total of 7,945 hospitalized patients with MDRO UTI were identified. Demographics and comorbidities are described in Table 1. Notably, 69% of patients were female, 23% had underlying urinary system disease, and at least 20% had a foley catheter in place. Of these patients, 18% required an intensive care unit (ICU) stay within 48 hours before/after the positive urine culture, and 7% died during their hospitalization (Table 2). The most frequent cause of UTIs was MDR Enterobacteriaceae (Table 3). Conclusion Patients who are hospitalized with MDRO UTIs frequently have underlying urinary system disease and/or foley catheter. MDRO UTIs are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, with 18% requiring an ICU stay, and death in 7% during the hospitalization. Further research is needed regarding risk factors and interventions to prevent, detect, and treat MDRO UTIs. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Central Blood Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie L. Cohen ◽  
Raymond R. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Progression ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease Progression

Hypertension, diabetes, and proteinuria are well-recognized risk factors for progressive kidney function loss. However, despite excellent antihypertensive and antidiabetic drug therapies, which also often lower urinary protein excretion, there remains a significant reservoir of patients with chronic kidney disease who are at high risk for progression to end-stage kidney disease. This has led to the search for less traditional cardiovascular risk factors that will help stratify patients at risk for more rapid kidney disease progression. Among these are noninvasive estimates of vascular structure and function. Arterial stiffness, manifested by the pulse wave velocity in the aorta, has been established in a number of studies as a significant risk factor for kidney disease progression and cardiovascular endpoints. Much less well studied in chronic kidney disease are measures of central arterial pressures. In this paper we cover the physiology behind the generation of the central pulse wave contour and the studies available using these approaches and conclude with some speculations on the rationale for why measurements of central pressure may be informative for the study of chronic kidney disease progression.

scholarly journals Prevalence of chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Palash Mitra ◽  
Hasna Fahmima Haque ◽  
Tasrina Shamnaz Samdani ◽  
Shahana Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes

Background and objectives: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of CKD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Bangladesh is not well described. The present study aimed to find out the prevalence of CKD stages 3-5 and its risk factors among selected Bangladeshi T2DM patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders) General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July to December 2015. Diagnosed adult T2DM patients were consecutively and purposively included in this study. Pregnant women, patients with diagnosed kidney disease due to non-diabetic etiology, acute kidney injury (AKI), AKI on CKD and patients on renal replacement therapy were excluded. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters were recorded systematically in a predesigned data sheet. Diagnosis of CKD and its stages were determined according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines 2012 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Estimated GFR was calculated by using Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKDEPI) creatinine based formula.Results: A total of 400 patients with T2DM of various durations were enrolled in the study. Out of 400 patients, 254 (63.5%), 259 (64.75%) and 218 (54.5%) cases had CKD stages 3-5 according to MDRD, C-G and CKD-EPI equations respectively. CKD was significantly more common in females (p<0.001) and in cases with long duration of diabetes (?5 years; p=0.007). CKD stages 3-5 were significantly associated with hypertension (?2=5.2125, p =0.02) and good control of diabetes (HbA1c <7%) as evidenced by higher proportion of CKD in them (73.3%) compared to those with poor glycemic control (52.1%).Conclusions: More than half of T2DM patients had CKD stages 3-5. Female gender, duration of diabetes and hypertension were significant risk factors and should be emphasized for the prevention of CKD in T2DM. Glycemic control may not reduce CKD in diabetes.IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(1): 19-24

scholarly journals Risk factors for acute kidney injury among patients with chikungunya: a multi-center experience from the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Shahana Zaman ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Mehruba Alam Ananna ◽  
Ishrat Jahan ◽  
Tufayel Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Background: Chikungunya is an emerging viral infection in Bangladesh. This self-limiting febrile illness may have acute life-threating features including cardiomyopathy and encephalitis. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is less well described complication of chikungunya. This study was designed to evaluate risk factors for AKI among patients with chikungunya virus infection. Methods: This case-control study was done in 3 different centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh from July to October 2017. Adult patients (>18 years) with confirmed diagnosis of chikungunya were included in this study. AKI was diagnosed as per Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Patients suffering from chikungunya complicated by AKI were cases and those without AKI were controls. Results: Total patients were 107 (male 61) with a mean age of 35.6 (range 19-84) years. Common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (DM) (20.6%), hypertension (17.8%) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (12.1%). Common presentations included fever (86.9%) or recent history of fever (13.1%), joint pain (88.8%), rash (23.4%), pruritus (15.9%), gastro-intestinal (GI) features like diarrhea and/or vomiting (28%), lymphadenopathy (12.1%), gum swelling/oral ulcer (4.1%) and oedema (8.4%). Fourteen (13.1%) patients required hospitalization. Eleven (10.3%) cases were complicated by AKI. Among the risk factors for AKI, comorbidities like DM (OR 28.73, 95% CI 5.57-148.10, p 0.0001) and CKD (OR 31.0, 95% CI 2.94-326.7, p <0.0001), GI features (OR 16.07, 95% CI 3.22-80.14, p 0.0007), requirement of hospitalization (OR 23.10, 95% CI 2.37-226.31, p <0.0001) and use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs) (OR 6.65, 95% CI 1.77-24.98, p 0.005) were significant. Conclusions: One-tenth of adult patients suffering from chikungunya were complicated by AKI in this study. DM, CKD, diarrhea and/or vomiting, hospitalization and use of ACEIs/ARBs appeared as significant risk factors for AKI. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(3): 193-196

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Disease and Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury Patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4599
Author(s):  
Filipe Marques ◽  
Joana Gameiro ◽  
João Oliveira ◽  
José Agapito Fonseca ◽  
Inês Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Acute Kidney Disease ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Stage 1

Background: The incidence of AKI in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is variable and has been associated with worse prognosis. A significant number of patients develop persistent kidney damage defined as Acute Kidney Disease (AKD). There is a lack of evidence on the real impact of AKD on COVID-19 patients. We aim to identify risk factors for the development of AKD and its impact on mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients with AKI admitted at the Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte between March and August of 2020. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification was used to define AKI. AKD was defined by presenting at least KDIGO Stage 1 criteria for >7 days after an AKI initiating event. Results: In 339 COVID-19 patients with AKI, 25.7% patients developed AKD (n = 87). The mean age was 71.7 ± 17.0 years, baseline SCr was 1.03 ± 0.44 mg/dL, and the majority of patients were classified as KDIGO stage 3 AKI (54.3%). The in-hospital mortality was 18.0% (n = 61). Presence of hypertension (p = 0.006), CKD (p < 0.001), lower hemoglobin (p = 0.034) and lower CRP (p = 0.004) at the hospital admission and nephrotoxin exposure (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for the development of AKD. Older age (p = 0.003), higher serum ferritin at admission (p = 0.008) and development of AKD (p = 0.029) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19-AKI patients. Conclusions: AKD was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality in this population of COVID-19-AKI patients. Considering the significant risk of mortality in AKI patients, it is of paramount importance to identify the subset of higher risk patients.

scholarly journals Сhronic kidney disease in children: principles of ambulatory management

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Albina A. Vyalkova ◽  
Svetlana A. Chesnokova ◽  
Oksana O. Ustinova ◽  
Larisa A. Gaikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Infection ◽  
Hereditary Nephropathies

Introduction. The term «chronic kidney disease» (CKD) is used to define the outcomes of various forms of chronic progressive kidney disease, characterized by kidney damage, or a decrease in their function for three months or more, regardless of the nosological diagnosis. The aim of the work was to determine the frequency, structure, and clinical and paraclinical features of CKD in children to substantiate the principles of its management in primary health care. Results. In CKD patients, tubulointerstitial renal lesions were established to prevail (80%). Associated with congenital malformations of the urinary system, reflux uropathy, and urolithiasis in 98% of cases tubulointerstitial renal lesions are complicated by renal infection. In 8.9% of children, CKD was formed as an outcome of glomerulopathies; in 6.7% of children - with congenital and hereditary nephropathies; in 4.4% of children an outcome of a hemolytic uremic syndrome. The observed children dominated by I-II (74.3%), less often III and IV (25.7%) stages of CKD. The revealed clinical and paraclinical features of CKD in children are presented. The modern principles of early diagnosis of CKD in children and the identification of risk factors for the progression of nephropathy have been substantiated. For the diagnosis of CKD in childhood there has been created a. n algorithm, including at the outpatient stage. Authors suggested a set of measures for the prevention of nephropathy. Conclusion. For early diagnosis of CKD in childhood there was developed an algorithm based on the analysis of a complex of clinical and paraclinical, structural and functional parameters of the kidneys in combination with the parameters of endothelial function and cytokine status.

scholarly journals Antidepressant prescriptions and associated factors in men with prostate cancer and their female partners

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim J. Hartung ◽  
Ida Rask Moustsen ◽  
Signe Benzon Larsen ◽  
Elisabeth A. Wreford Andersen ◽  
Nis P. Suppli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Antidepressant Prescription ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
First Time

Abstract Purpose To estimate the risk of first-time antidepressant prescriptions as a proxy for depression or anxiety and associated risk factors in patients with prostate cancer and their female partners. Methods We followed all men (n = 25,126) and their female cohabiting partners (n = 8785) without a history of cancer or antidepressants from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort from 1997 to 2014 or 2010, respectively. We estimated the cumulative incidence of first-time antidepressant prescriptions in men with prostate cancer compared with cancer-free men and their respective female partners, using the Danish National Prescription Registry. Sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and clinical risk factors were assessed using Cox regression models. Results A total of 1828 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer of whom 15% received antidepressants. The unadjusted hazard ratio of antidepressant prescription was 2.18 (95%CI, 1.92, 2.48) for men with prostate cancer and 1.27 (95%CI, 0.87, 1.85) for their partners, compared with cancer-free men and their partners, respectively. After adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and comorbidity factors, this risk was 2-fold to 4-fold increased among patients, but not significantly increased among partners. Significant risk factors among patients were curative and palliative treatment (vs. active surveillance and watchful waiting), nonlocalized disease, and short education. Conclusions Men with prostate cancer have a higher risk of receiving antidepressant medication than cancer-free men. Clinical characteristics can help clinicians in identifying patients at a high risk of depression or anxiety. Implications for Cancer Survivors Men with prostate cancer who experience symptoms of depression or anxiety should seek professional help early on. Patient education could aid in raising awareness and reducing the stigma associated with mental disorders.

scholarly journals Risk factors for infection with Giardia duodenalis in pre-school children in the city of Salvador, Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. PRADO ◽  
A. STRINA ◽  
M. L. BARRETO ◽  
ANA MARLÚCIA OLIVEIRA-ASSIS ◽  
LÍVIA MARIA PAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Hygiene Behaviour ◽  
House Construction ◽  
The City

A cross-sectional study of 694 children aged 2 to 45 months selected from 30 clusters throughout the city of Salvador, Bahia (pop. 2·3 million) was carried out as part of a longitudinal study of diarrhoea in order to identify risk factors for infection with Giardia duodenalis. Variables studied included three social and demographic factors (such as mother's education and marital status), five relating to the peri-domestic environment (rubbish disposal, open sewers, paving of the street), seven relating to the home itself (house construction, susceptibility to flooding, water supply and sanitation) as well as a score for hygiene behaviour based on structured observation. After multivariate analysis using a hierarchical model, only four significant risk factors were found: (a) number of children in the household under five years (b) rubbish not collected from the house (c) presence of visible sewage nearby, and (d) absence of a toilet. All four were significant at the 1% level.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and kidney

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
M. Kolesnyk
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
System Disease ◽  
Monitoring Frequency ◽  
Acute Kidney Disease ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Hospital Patients

At the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic attention of healthcare professionals and scientists were already drawn to the appearance of markers of pathologic changes of the urinary system in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, signs of acute kidney disease (AKD) (including acute kidney injury (AKI) or development of AKI in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This necessitates verification of pathologic changes markers of the urinary system in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and clarification of their nosologic relevance. The present study aimed to analyze the present information regarding the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 to cause kidney injury (acute kidney disease, including AKI) in patients without such changes before infecting or in patients with CKD, and to verify these changes according to the classification of urinary system disease and Nomenclature for kidney function and disease: report of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference 2020. The presence of the pathologic changes markers of the urinary system in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients necessitates its verification via the use of tools of diagnostics of urinary system disease. Infecting with SARS-CoV-2 may cause (isolated) asymptomatic proteinuria, isolated erythrocyturia, hemoglobinuria; AKD (including AKI) in patients without preexisting urinary system injuries, AKI in patients with CKD, and may complicate hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The frequency of AKI and mortality rate in patients with COVID-19 and CKD are much higher than without the last one. The AKI frequency is higher in ICU (18 – 37,5%) than in patients with moderate or mild COVID-19 (0,5 – 15%). Patients with all CKD stages with moderate or severe COVID-19 must be admitted to the hospital with further determination by a multidisciplinary team (infectionist, nephrologist, ICU physician, etc, according to the clinical situation) of necessary monitoring and treatment capacity for prevention of AKD progression and life-threatening complications or their adequate therapy. After confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 absence and release from the hospital, patients with AKD or all stages of CKD should be followed up, and monitoring frequency depends on AKD or CKD stage.

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